城市综合体公交社区规划研究——以杭州为例

基于综合体公交社区的概念与杭州市大量的城市综合体建设的实际,对公交高可达性、步行合理区、开发强度、有效的混合用地、合理交通组织及多模式交通的无缝衔接等方面进行研究,提出了综合体公交社区的规划策略,并结合具体案例进行分析;通过综合体公交社区的构建,引导土地使用和交通系统的一体化发展,减少小汽车使用,促进公交出行,提升社区品质．     

A decision support approach to the computerisation of some operational decision problems in community transport

Community Transport (CT) in the UK operates a diverse range of services, and organisations are computerising management and operational functions. This paper describes the approach which has been taken to computerising four operational decision making functions.

The paper considers models of human decision making and problem solving, with particular reference to an information processing view of cognitive activity and to perception and memory. The design of decision support systems is also discussed.

Four decision problems are considered. For each, the paper considers how people tackle the problem, how computers can be used to tackle it and the approach which has been adopted.

For allocating trips to vehicles using a diary, the approach has been to provide a representation on screen of a manual diary. For vehicle brokerage, vehicles are presented to the operator allocating a booking in an order based on the Sequence Number, an index of how ‘difficult to book’ a vehicle is, and the distance of the vehicle's base from the start point of the trip. For the sorting of passenger pick‐ups into an efficient tour, traditional solutions to the travelling salesperson problem have been rejected in favour of a solution using spacefilling curves. Finally, for allocating dial‐a‐ride passenger trips to vehicle shifts an approach has been chosen which presents the operator with appropriate information rather than attempting to automate the scheduling.

The paper concludes that the approach to the diary has been successful and accepted by operators, although the similar approach to the dial‐a‐ride scheduling has not, as the system has not yet been able to replace manual scheduling aids. The facility to order passenger pick‐ups is little used by operators. Finally, it is suggested that the vehicle brokerage problem may be an appropriate use of fuzzy logic.     

社区儿童接送服务车辆的线路优化

以社区儿童接送服务车辆的路线优化问题为研究对象,建立了多目标非线性整数规划模型,其中目标函数包括车辆数最少、车辆行驶的时间最短、所有乘客总旅行时间最短、各辆车的负荷均衡、各辆车的运行时间均衡5个目标.这5个目标分为4个优先级.提出了解决这类问题的新的启发式优化算法.该算法从构造最小生成树开始,找出基本线路;然后通过选择可调单元调整线路得到优化的线路.提出了线路确定后,乘客要求调整线路时应遵循的原则.     

对我市和谐社区建设中若干问题的思考

社区是社会的细胞,社区和谐是社会和谐的基础。经过近二十多年的探索和实践,南通市和谐社区建设取得了长足的发展,积累了一些经验。但是距十六届四中全会提出要的要建立健全“党委领导、政府负责、社会协调、公众参与”的社会管理格局,还存在着一定的差距。文章在“进一步加强社区组织建设,理顺社区管理机制;建立和完善社区成员共建机制有效整合社区资源推动社区进步;理顺政府与社区自治组织的关系实现政社分离和社区建设社会化;制定出台社区建设地方性法规,加快社区发展法制化建设;调动社区中介组织的积极性,营造有利于中介组织发展环境;建设一支高素质的社区工作者队伍,为社区建设提供重要的组织保证”等方面,提出了解决我市和谐社区建设中存在问题的方法和途径。     

论城市物流配送发展的新趋势

笔者分析了我国城市物流配送发展的现状和趋势,提出了在新的时期,我国物流配送将呈现的三大热点,分别是协同配送、社区配送和绿色配送.分析了三大热点的形成原因,提出了我国物流配送新趋势的发展建议.     

以学生专业协会为载体, 全面提升学生技术水平探索与实践

为了提升职业院校学生技能水平,解决专业学生课后重社团、轻专业,第二课堂华而不实的问题,本文提出了一种以"学生和指导老师"为双主体的专业社团管理模式,在广东交通职业技术学院智能互联协会的实践证明,这一探索切实可行,本文详细介绍了其运行模式,并对未来进行了展望.     

社区教育服务新农村建设的路径探索与实践

文中分析了社区教育的内涵,新农村建设背景下推进社区教育的必要性,从政府主动参与、整合教育资源及设立社区教育学院等方面探索开展社区教育服务新农村建设的方式。     

Evidence of episodic changes in deep-sea mesozooplankton abundance and composition in the Levantine Sea (Eastern Mediterranean)

Mesozooplankton samples from the 4270-m deep Ierapetra Basin in the oligotrophic Levantine Sea have revealed a strong temporal variability in abundance and composition hitherto unknown for the deep sea pelagic zone. The phenomenon reflected by a survey in June 1993 as compared to January 1987 is assessed by (i) the increase of the mesozooplankton standing crop throughout the water column, (ii) the absence of a decline in mesozooplankton abundance with increasing depth below 1000 m, (iii) the outstanding dominance of two interzonal calanoid copepods at bathypelagic and abyssopelagic depths and (iv) a substantial faunal change due to the codominance of Calanus helgolandicus, which was found for the first time in the area. The underlying hydrographical factors are addressed in the light of the Eastern Mediterranean Transient (EMT). Apart from a possible long-term faunal change, the EMT may exaggerate episodic plankton blooms and surface-abyssopelagic coupling in space and time.     

某住宅小区雨污混接改造技术方案的探索

在上海市全面开展水环境整治的背景下,以青浦区某住宅小区雨污混接改造工程为例,分析探讨该小区排水系统存在的主要问题,提出该小区雨污混接改造的具体实施方案,以及海绵城市设计方案。其成果可为类似工程项目提供借鉴。     

基于社团结构发现的公交专用道施划影响分析

城市道路施划公交专用道是保障公交优先的重要举措,但会压缩社会车辆的运行空间,使得高峰期部分社会车辆不得不选择其他道路出行,从而对路网中其他交通流运行造成影响,严重时可能会引发更大范围的拥堵.因此,准确确定施划公交专用道后的交通影响范围是城市交通管理、控制与诱导策略制定的依据.本文结合城市路网的复杂网络结构特性及网络动力学基础,认为影响范围内的路段间存在相似性,可将问题转化为复杂网络的社团结构发现进行研究.以对偶拓扑的方式获取城市路网结构,通过改进的随机行走转移概率推导出网络节点相异度,采用凝聚算法划分出路网社团结构以确定影响范围.最后对北京市京通快速路施划公交专用道的实例进行数值分析和对比研究,证明了本文研究方法的可行性,也可为交通领域相关研究提供新的研究思路及方法.