基于朴素贝叶斯算法的船舶异常行为监测

随着海事事故与海上违法行为的不断增多,智能的监控方法成为降低海事事故,打击海上违法行为的有效手段.同时,船舶自动识别系统(Automatic Identification System,AIS)的普及及船舶交通管理系统(Vessel Traffic Service,VTS)的扩建,又为智能监控提供了数据支持.鉴于此,利用船舶自动识别系统提供的数据,分析通航水域船舶信息的分布情况,根据其概率分布采用朴素贝叶斯算法,从船舶航速、航向及距航道边界距离3个方面,构建船舶异常行为检测模型.最后,以成山角通航水域为例,检验模型的有效性.实验结果表明,构建的模型能够有效地完成异常行为监测,减少海事监管人员的工作强度,同时根据实验结果分析了成山角水域船舶航行的特点,并对成山角定线制提出合理化建议.     

变异的自平衡无推力系杆拱桥设计

介绍中山一桥的总体设计、结构特点以及主桥结构的可靠性验证,总结了该桥的结构创新和设计特点.     

关于城市轨道交通钢轨选型的探讨和建议

根据钢轨制造技术的发展并结合轨道研究和设计领域的最新成果,对城市轨道交通钢轨定尺长度、钢轨质量及钢轨材质选择进行分析和探讨,并建议在钢轨选型时,应全面考虑不同线路布置特点,车辆及荷载情况,运输、施工及维修条件,建设工期,初期投资及运营成本要求等综合因素,力求使每条城轨交通中的钢轨选型方案在满足安全可靠的基础上,更具工程针对性和经济适用性.     

基于磨损元素比例特征的发动机磨损状态诊断

针对不连续采样时的车用发动机磨损故障诊断问题,基于摩擦磨损原理和摩擦副元素之间的相关性,提出了基于比例特征的发动机磨损状态模糊优选诊断方法,建立了发动机磨损变化的比例模型,研究了摩擦副主要磨损元素之间在磨损过程中的比例关系,运用模糊优选理论实现了发动机磨损状态的诊断。通过典型磨损状态的油样光谱分析数据验证了该诊断方法的有效性,解决了车用发动机在不连续采样情况下的磨损故障诊断难题。     

微表处耐磨性能影响因素试验研究

该文介绍了微表处耐磨性能影响因素试验研究。通过侵水1h湿轮磨耗试验,研究添加不同种类及剂量改性剂的乳化沥青、矿料级配、水泥掺加量等因素对微表处耐磨性能的影响。试验结果表明,在相同油石比的试验条件下:使用SBR胶乳改性乳化沥青的微表处耐磨性能优于使用SBS胶乳改性乳化沥青;随着改性剂剂量的增大,微表处耐磨性能逐渐变好,并趋于稳定;矿料中值级配微表处耐磨性能最好,级配上限与级配下限微表处耐磨性能基本相当;水泥掺加量对微表处耐磨性能有提高,也有降低。     

Tangential force variation due to the bogie direction reversal procedure

A range of tangential forces is generated within the contact patch when a wheelset moves on the rail. These forces are intensified when incorporating curved tracks and motored axle rail vehicles [Arrus, P., de Pater, A.D. and Meyers, P., 2002, The stationary motion of a one-axle vehicle along a circular curve with real rail and wheel profiles. Vehicle System Dynamics, 37(1), 29–58]. The wheelset is subject to flange contact if an unbalanced force remains in a curve towards the high rail gauge face. The resultant force in the transverse direction includes the lateral force, the radial force, and the creep forces in addition to the effect of the frequent wheelset displacement due to the kinematic oscillation [Iwnicki, S., 2003, Simulation of wheel–rail contact forces. Fatigue Fracture Engineering Material Structure, 26, 887–900]. This article has focused on a potential variation in some of the forces cited when the wheelset is subject to backward and forward movements. A severe wear rate observed within the wheel flange region in Iranian Railways was investigated by operating a test bogie on a curvaceous track. An obvious improvement in the wear rate and wear pattern of the wheels was attained when the second test bogie encountered a bogie direction reversal procedure. This enhancement is considered in this article from the force analysis standpoint.     

Influence of polygonal wear of railway wheels on the wheel set axle stress

The coupled vehicle/track dynamic model with the flexible wheel set was developed to investigate the effects of polygonal wear on the dynamic stresses of the wheel set axle. In the model, the railway vehicle was modelled by the rigid multibody dynamics. The wheel set was established by the finite element method to analyse the high-frequency oscillation and dynamic stress of wheel set axle induced by the polygonal wear based on the modal stress recovery method. The slab track model was taken into account in which the rail was described by the Timoshenko beam and the three-dimensional solid finite element was employed to establish the concrete slab. Furthermore, the modal superposition method was adopted to calculate the dynamic response of the track. The wheel/rail normal forces and the tangent forces were, respectively, determined by the Hertz nonlinear contact theory and the Shen–Hedrick–Elkins model. Using the coupled vehicle/track dynamic model, the dynamic stresses of wheel set axle with consideration of the ideal polygonal wear and measured polygonal wear were investigated. The results show that the amplitude of wheel/rail normal forces and the dynamic stress of wheel set axle increase as the vehicle speeds rise. Moreover, the impact loads induced by the polygonal wear could excite the resonance of wheel set axle. In the resonance region, the amplitude of the dynamic stress for the wheel set axle would increase considerably comparing with the normal conditions.     

重载货车车轮踏面垂直磨耗原因分析及改进

分析总结了大秦线重载货车车轮磨耗的原因,并针对解决大秦线车轮非正常磨耗提出几点建议。     

Wear simulation for the centre plate arrangement of a freight car

The bodies of many railway freight cars in many countries of the world are coupled to the running gear by means of a body centre plate that makes a friction pair with a centre bowl. During motion, the bogie is rotated and moved with respect to the car body. This leads to wear on the contact surfaces. Lubrication is inexpedient in this case because the friction forces damp the vibrations (so-called bogie hunting) during motion. Usually, centre plates exhibit noticeable wear after two years of operation. Reducing wear requires knowing details of the wear process which, in turn, requires computer simulation of freight car motion for an operation period of 10–15 years. The purpose of this paper is to develop a universal method for wear simulation of friction pairs that could be used, in particular, for the centre plate of a freight car.     

重载铁路轮轨磨损原因探讨

根据轮轨接触理论，分析了不同轮轨接触几何匹配关系下的轮轨接触应力情况，指出轮轨接触应力、轮轨接触几何关系、轴重是影响重载铁路轮轨磨损的主要因素，从重载运输装备方面提出了减少轮轨磨损的几点建议。