Modeling effects of different air traffic control operational procedures,separation rules,and service disciplines on runway landing capacity

This paper deals with modeling the possible effects of different advanced procedures, existing, innovative, and new air traffic control (ATC) separation rules, and service disciplines on the ultimate landing capacity of a single runway. The first implies a combination and/or exclusive use of conventional and steeper final approach and landing procedures. The second includes the current horizontal, innovative mixed horizontal/vertical and new vertical distance‐based and time‐based separation rules. The last embrace the common First Come, First Served and innovative Priority service discipline. Such increasingly complex and challenging applications are assumed to be based on the new technologies on‐board the aircraft and at the ATC to be developed in the scope of the current United States Next Generation Air Transport System and European Single European Sky ATM Research programs. The convenient analytical models for calculating the runway landing capacity are developed and applied to the generic case of a single runway according to the “what–if” scenario approach. This enables carrying out the sensitivity analysis of the landing capacity with respect to the most influential factors – the ATC advanced operational procedures, separation rules, service disciplines, and aircraft fleet mix. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

航空器推出决策的优化研究

航空器推出决策一直是机场场面管理的重要研究方向和研究难点．目前,航空器推出决策一般是基于航班飞行计划和地面管制员而给出的,基于航班飞行计划是一种被动型不灵活的手段,地面管制员是根据人工估计滑行道的航空器架次和起飞跑道容量,从而发出推出许可指令,这种做法造成了跑道和滑行道利用率的降低．文中提出一种基于场面监视系统的航空器推出决策优化方法;然后建立了航空器推出决策优化模型,并使用最有可能状态（MLS）启发式算法进行求解;最后对武汉天河国际机场的航空器推出决策优化进行仿真验证,结果表明,优化的航空器推出决策与传统方法相比跑道利用率最大可提高4．8％．     

空港综合交通枢纽客流需求预测研究--以广州白云国际机场为例

为弥补民航部门常规预测思路在航空枢纽集疏运设施供给策略、供给规模预测方面的不足,提出面向集疏运设施规模及供给策略的空港综合交通枢纽客流需求预测思路。在判断主要客流构成的基础上,明确了分客流、分方式的预测总思路;在分析经济增长和高铁两大影响航空客流增长的主要因素基础上,分别提出陆侧航空客流和中转航空客流的预测方法,进而得到航空客流总量,支撑空港枢纽对外交通设施供给策略的制定。以此为基础,通过客流分布、方式划分等技术手段,确定各集疏运方式的客流需求规模,为相应设施规模的预测提供依据。     

机场道面混凝土再生集料的性能及生产工艺改进

该文以室内试验为基础,研究了虹桥机场大修产生的废弃混凝土再生粗集料的物理性能、力学性能和耐久性能。同时分析了再生细集料的含水率和表观密度特征。从而提出了粗集料密度与吸水率的修正方法。在分析再生集料级配特征的基础上,对再生集料的生产工艺进行了改进。     

基于SOM神经网络的民用机场分类方法

机场是综合交通运输的重要节点,是航空运输的重要基础设施。科学地进行机场分类研究对于机场的国家布局规划、机场自身定位和运行策略选择等都具有重要的现实与理论研究价值。利用神经网络技术中的自组织映射（SOM）网络并结合MATLAB软件进行编程对我国主要机场进行聚类分析评价,得出我国主要机场分为8层的主要结论。结果表明,自组织特征映射（SOM）能很好用于我国机场分类,是一种新颖、有效的分类方法。     

Statistical mechanics for analytic planning: an application to domestic air traffic in China

Abstract

Statistical mechanics has shown its usefulness when assessing the topology of many networks, including those of infrastructure. Its principles take into account the large-scale and network-wide effects of changes in its key parameters, which in turn may provide critical input when planning for infrastructure projects. One objective would be to modify the pattern of capacity expansions inside a system to make it less exposed to local shortfalls in demand. To illustrate our point, we shall use domestic air traffic in China; airports are spatially distributed and they also need to respond to the potential demand that they face locally. Airlines that control parts of the traffic system are identified as agents. A relationship between the agent's behavior and the system-wide level of variance in traffic flows can be established by regression analysis. It is shown how intervention on these agents would reduce negative traffic variance while enhancing a more balanced, less costly growth of the system itself.     

Slot misuse phenomena in capacity-constrained airports with seasonal demand: the Greek experience

Abstract

Airport slot misuse disturbs the efficient and continuous operation of capacity-constrained airports, leading to congestion and delay problems. Deviations from the coordinated schedule in regional airport systems that feature seasonal demand and delays in certain peak periods are studied in this article. The Greek airport system is considered as a case study. Deviations are quantified by computing the difference between scheduled and actual aircraft arrival times as well as the hourly slot capacity utilization ratio. Two collective indicators for airport benchmarking are proposed. An in-depth analysis of slot allocation deviations and the delays they cause is carried out for a representative sample of airports that are classified according to the proposed indicators. A brief discussion on potential measures to mitigate slot misuse is also presented.     

直线电机运载系统在北京机场线的应用

本文介绍直线电机运载系统的发展现状,说明北京机场线的应用背景,对北京机场线车辆的技术特点及优势进行分析,探讨直线电机的能耗问题,总结直线电机适用性.     

航空集装物资机场廊桥式转运装卸系统方案设计探讨

分析了航空货物机场地面转运及装卸保障装备的发展现状,针对存在的问题,提出了研发将航空货物机场地面转运与装卸一体保障的廊桥式转运装卸系统,阐述了其结构组成、工作原理、总体技术方案及使用方式,将有助于改进航空货物机场地面保障模式,提高航空货物转运装卸保障速度与效率。     

基于改进离散差分算法的航班延迟推出策略分析

针对大型枢纽机场日益严重的场面拥堵及由此导致航空公司延误成本增加和乘客等待时间增长等问题,基于ACDM的基本思想,在给定推出率下诠释了虚拟队列理论,设计了航班推出决策的协调流程,实现利用机位等待代替跑道起飞排队等待,不仅可以减少场面拥堵和航班延误,对提高航空公司经济效益也有重要意义.提出了乘客等待时间最短和推出等待成本最小2 种策略和航班延误成本的计算方法及相关约束指标.分别针对小、中、大不同规模航班量的5 组实际运行数据,采用基于指针运算机制的离散差分算法求解优化推出策略,并对该算法进行改进.实例表明,通过对虚拟队列航班次序的调整,乘客的平均延误时间缩短5.15%~12.66%,航空公司延误成本减少19.16%~26.0%.