“十二五”时期我国城市轨道交通发展策略探讨

针对当前我国城市轨道交通规划、建设及运营管理中存在的普遍问题,以国家“十二五”规划纲要提出的转变经济发展方式为指导,试图从“统筹规划,科学发展”的角度对现有国内城市轨道交通存在的问题进行分析,并提出改进措施和有关建议.     

基于城乡一体化的快速巴士公交系统规划分析

分析了快速巴士公交系统规划的原则、思路及重点,以佛山市域为例,针对城市-城镇-村庄三级组团的结构,建构了主城区-强镇（特色镇）-一般镇-村庄的梯次合理层阶,提出了解决快速巴士公交难题的有效措施。     

斜拉桥索塔与索梁锚固区局部应力分析

混凝土斜拉桥索塔、主梁常采用预应力混凝土结构,在强大的索力和预应力共同作用下,索塔、索梁锚固区受力十分复杂。针对索塔、索梁锚固区的受力状况进行研究,对优化锚固区细部构造及预应力钢束的布置均有重要意义。以一座独塔混凝土斜拉桥为例,运用有限元方法对索塔、索梁锚固区进行了空间应力分析,总结了锚固区的受力特点。     

航道网规划多级模糊综合评价

为解决目前航道网规划评价中存在主观影响因素过多,各评价指标权重不确定性等问题,分析了航道网布局影响因素,结合层次分析法,提出了航道网规划方案的多目标、多级模糊综合评判方法。运用层次分析法确定各层次评价指标的权重,运用模糊统计方法确定非定量指标的隶属度,对于定量评价指标的隶属度,则按效益型指标、适中型指标和成本型指标分别予以确定。对苏州市航道网规划方案评价结果表明,该方法可客观地给出反映航道网实际情况的量化指标,能够对航道网规划效果作出合理的定性评价。     

从效率角度谈城市轨道交通的规划、建设和运营

面对国内各大中城市正在掀起的轨道交通建设高潮,从规划、建设、运营和管理等角度,阐述了对目前城市轨道交通建设过程中有关效率问题的看法,以及如何提高城市轨道交通效率的一些体会.并指出合理的线网规划是发挥效率的根本,合适的建设标准是发挥效率的保证,科学的运营管理是发挥效率的关键.     

Scenario construction for transport planning

This paper argues that the types of uncertainty having the most serious consequences for transport planning are not captured by existing modelling procedures, which typically rely on a limited amount of sensitivity testing of plans based on extrapolative forecasts. It recommends as an alternative scenario‐based planning, an approach which is finding increasing application in private sector policy formation. The paper summarises the origins of scenario planning and the gradual broadening in its range of application, before going on to suggest methods of scenario construction suitable for transport planning applications. It considers the arguments for and against associating probabilities with scenarios and also addresses the problems of formulating transport strategies and evaluating them within the context of a scenario‐based approach to strategy choice.     

上海洋山深水港区的选址和规划

通过对洋山深水港区选址和规划的回顾,提出了洋山深水港区具有独特的区位优势、良好的自然条件、可观的经济效益和不错的社会效益;根据北港区建成后的海床冲淤变化,利用数值模拟技术、物理模型试验和船舶航行模拟技术综合分析得出,洋山深水港区北港区规划方案采用半汊道方案为稳妥、合理的方案;归纳了对洋山港总体规划的建议。     

提高深V型滑行艇航速的综合研究

通过分析深V型滑行艇的实艇在预试航过程中出现的航速问题,在总结实艇试航的各项技术数据的基础上,有针对地分析和研究产生问题的原因。着重介绍所采用的主要减阻措施和取得的效果。通过采取修改螺旋桨提高推力;通过在艇首部安装创新的分裂式楔形板,抬升船体并大幅度降低艇的阻力;结合实艇试航调整尾板和排气导流板,使所采取的各项技术措施之间得到较佳匹配,最终提高艇的航速近4kn,解决艇的航速难题。     

郊区自驾游旅游交通指引标志设置研究

当前旅游交通指引标志设置中存在缺乏区域系统考虑、设置分散、旅游信息过于集中等问题,导致自驾游出行者难以及时、准确、连续地获得指引信息。针对这一问题,从郊区自驾游出行者的需求出发,构建区域入口、区域内部、景区附近的旅游交通三级指引系统。重点探讨二级指引标志的设计原则与方法,提出在景区重要度分类和道路节点重要度分级的基础上,确定各景区指引范围和各道路节点指引容量,对旅游交通指引标志进行选址。最后以河北省平山县为例,对提出的旅游交通指引标志设置方法进行实证研究。     

Electric vehicle park-charge-ride programs: A planning framework and case study in Chicago

In suburban areas, combining the use of electric vehicles (EV) and transit systems in an EV Park-Charge-Ride (PCR) approach can potentially help improve transit accessibility, facilitate EV charging and adoption, and reduce the need for long-distance driving and ensuing impacts. Despite the anticipated growth of EV adoption and charging demand, PCR programs are limited. With a focus on multi-modal trips, this study proposes a generic planning process that integrates EV infrastructure development with transit systems, develops a systematic assessment approach to fostering the PCR adoption, and illustrates a case implementation in Chicago. Specifically, this study develops a Suitability Index (SI) for EV charging locations at parking spots that are suitable for both EV charging and transit connections. SI can be customized for short-term and long-term planning scenarios. SI values are derived in Chicago as an example for (1) commuter rail stations (for work trips), and (2) shopping centers near transit stops as potential opportunities for additional weekday parking and EV charging (for multi-purpose trips/MPT). Furthermore, carbon emissions and vehicle miles travelled (VMT) across various travel modes and trip scenarios (i.e., work trips and MPT) are calculated. Compared to the baseline of driving a conventional vehicle, this study found that an EV PCR commuter can reduce up to 87% of personal VMT and 52% of carbon emissions. A more active role of the public sector in the PCR program development is recommended.