层次分析法在造船虚拟企业风险规划中的应用探讨

造船虚拟企业是虚拟企业在造船这一特定领域的具体体现,其运作的关键问题之一就是风险管理.为了有效地掌握造船虚拟企业的管理运行中所面临的风险程度,尽可能的规避风险或使现有风险所带来的损失降到最小,本文对造船虚拟企业风险进行了初步识别,建立了适用于造船虚拟企业风险规划的层次结构模型,运用层次分析法对其风险进行规划分析,根据结果对造船虚拟企业风险给出预控策略和建议,为进一步采取措施进行风险的防范提供依据.     

基于物元分析的预应力锚索失效风险评价方法

文章分析了影响预应力锚索失效的主要因素,建立了预应力锚索失效风险等级的评价指标体系,提出了基于物元分析的预应力锚索失效风险等级评价模型,并通过工程实例验证了该模型用于预应力锚索失效风险的等级评价是有效可行的。     

A traffic analysis zone definition: a new methodology and algorithm

This paper develops a comprehensive approach to the definition of transportation analysis zones (TAZ), and therein, presents a new methodology and algorithm for the definition of TAZ embedded in geographic information systems software, improves the base algorithm with several local algorithms, and comprehensively analyses the obtained results. The results obtained are then compared to these presently used in the transportation analysis process of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. The proposed algorithm presents a new methodology for TAZ design based on a smoothed density surface of geocoded travel demand data. The algorithm aims to minimise the loss of information when moving from a continuous representation of the origin and destination of each trip to their discrete representations through zones, and focuses on the trade-off between the statistical precision, geographical error, and the percentage of intra-zonal trips of the resulting OD matrix. The results for the Lisbon Metropolitan Area case study suggest a significant improvement in OD matrix estimates compared to current transportation analysis practises based on administrative units.

乡镇道路规划的交通安全评价

文章通过分析现有农村公路网中乡镇道路规划方案的评价指标体系,指出对乡镇道路网进行交通安全评价的必要性,并初步建立了交通安全评价指标体系,为进行道路规划阶段的交通安全评价提供参考。     

无人帆船长途路径规划研究

将多维动态规划法应用于1条无人帆船从上海到青岛的长途路径规划,在当前位置以外引入已航行路径长度作为第三维状态变量,以相邻路径点之间的短途路径规划方案作为决策变量,可以规划出一组随路径总长度变化的航行时间最短路径。结果显示,增加状态变量维度后,规划结果保留了更多备选方案,起到了很好的决策辅助作用。     

宜昌庙嘴长江大桥西坝锚碇主要工程地质问题评价

针对宜昌庙嘴长江大桥西坝锚碇区极软岩和深厚卵石层发育、地下水作用影响大等突出问题,从工程地质和水文地质角度重点论述了锚碇区岩土层工程特性、水文地质特征。采用工程地质综合评价方法,得出了极软岩遇水软化易导致槽壁垮塌、深厚卵石层成槽难度大易导致槽段倾斜、地下水渗流破坏易形成管涌等影响槽壁稳定等工程地质问题的结果。提出了地连墙槽段加固与施工工艺、基坑降水的建议措施,为优化基坑施工方案提供了可靠依据,可供类似工程借鉴。     

目标导向式的综合保税区规划策略

综合保税区是设立在内陆地区具有保税港区功能的海关特殊监管区域,是一个相对封闭、完整的城市空间,其规划策略与其他城市空间存在巨大差异。分析了综合保税区政策属性、产业功能、空间形态等特性,采用"目标导向"的思维方式提出了综合保税区的规划目标。围绕规划目标的实现过程从协调外部限制要素、符合监管要求、内外交通组织、确定建设用地指标、协调城市景观等方面提出了综合保税区的规划策略,并以徐州综合保税区为例进行了实例分析。     

The changing role of decision support instruments in integrated infrastructure planning: lessons from the Sustainability Check

This article draws lessons about recent innovations in decision support for coping with challenges in integrated infrastructure planning strategies. After setting up a conceptual framework for the scope of analysis and the use of information in infrastructure planning, the empirical section explores the introduction of early-stage sustainability assessment tools. Data collection draws on experiences gained in the Netherlands with a new tool: ‘Sustainability Check’. We conclude that such instruments have a number of capacities that address the challenges of area-oriented planning: (a) bringing together information about the comprehensive value of alternatives, (b) facilitating the generation of alternatives, (c) addressing institutional fragmentation by learning about referential frames, and (d) adding contextual perspectives to the ‘hard’ outcomes of conventional tools. We also conclude that tools such as Sustainability Check should not be seen as a replacement for conventional decision support tools, but rather as complementary to them.     

Identifying the most critical transportation intersections using social network analysis

Traffic congestion negatively impacts our society. Most of the traditional transportation planning techniques – though effective – require rigorous amounts of data and analysis which consumes time and resources. This paper uses social network analysis (SNA) to analyze transportation networks, and consequently corroborate the effectiveness of SNA as a complementary tool for improved transportation planning. After creating the connection between the language and concepts of SNA and those of transportation systems – as well as developing a model that utilizes different SNA centrality measures within the transportation context – the authors utilize SNA to investigate traffic networks in three case studies in the state of Louisiana, analyze the results and draw conclusions. To this effect, with minimal cost and time, the model identifies the most critical intersections that should be further investigated using traditional techniques. These results are in agreement with the findings of Louisiana’s Department of Transportation and Development.     

基于动态执行机构的船舶循迹反步积分控制

文章针对连续曲率路径,用一种简单的几何方法生成连续曲率的路径.基于该几何方法生成的连续路径,文中利用line-of-sight(LOS)引导律解决了循迹控制中横向偏差最小的问题.为了减弱控制输出的振荡和获得平滑的控制输出,一种基于动态执行机构的改进反步积分控制器在过驱动船舶循迹控制中得到了应用.值得注意的是,文中用积分操作来抵抗风浪流环境力.数值分析结果展示了该控制器的有效性.