Voyage-based statistical fuel consumption models of ocean-going container ships in Korea

ABSTRACT

Accurately estimating fuel consumption of ships is crucial for shipping companies, port authorities, and environmental protection agencies. The bottom-up approach is becoming increasingly popular because it can estimate ship fuel consumption by accounting for ship activity conditions, such as changes in voyage speed, time, and distance; however, its use is still limited when estimating ship fuel consumption. Ship-specific information, such as the daily fuel consumption rate for main and auxiliary engines for every vessel, is expensive to gather, and generally not collected from private shipping companies. To address this research gap, we develop simplified and composite ship fuel consumption models for ocean-going container ships by size using a regression model. To estimate the fuel consumption models for container ships, we rely on ship activity data, including average speed and sailing time, distance, and actual fuel consumption for main and auxiliary engines. This information is obtained from a major container shipping company in Korea. We estimate and validate the parameters associated with fuel consumption for five different container ship sizes, all of which are smaller than the Post-Panamax container ship (15,000 TEU and above).     

Fluid-structure interaction and stress analysis of a floating wind turbine

In this paper, we describe a method to investigate the fluid-structure interaction of a floating wind turbine and to analyze the global deformations and the corresponding stresses with a detailed finite element model. To solve the fluid-structure interaction problem, a partitioned approach is chosen. The in-house C++ library comana, which was developed to solve multi-physic problems by coupling existing solvers, is extended to couple the fluid solver panMARE and the structural solver ANSYS. The significance of the interaction of structural deformations and the fluid loads is pointed out for the rotor of the wind turbine. In order to enable the use of a detailed finite element model in the fluid-structure interaction simulation, a model reduction method is applied in ANSYS. As a result, an efficient stress analysis can be performed under consideration of the fluid-structure interaction.     

长江中下游航道工程建设及整治效果评价

对20世纪90年代以来开展的长江中下游航道整治工程建设经验进行总结,统计航道现状和已建、在建和拟建的航道整治工程概况,从滩槽演变、高滩岸线、汊道分流、航道尺度对工程建设整治效果进行评价,并对后续航道建设中存在的问题进行分析。对比工程实施前后的航道条件,已建工程对影响航道条件的洲滩、岸线实施系统守护,稳定了河势及滩槽格局,全面提升航道水深及稳定性,工程河段航道条件得到显著改善,为后续治理奠定良好基础。     

东江中游长河段浅滩群航道整治模型试验研究

为促进沿岸经济发展,东江中游开展航道扩能升级工程,拟从Ⅴ级航道提升至Ⅲ级。但该段浅滩密布,槽窄水浅,整治应考虑多滩联动效应,整治方式与单滩不同,整治难度较大。根据水文、地形资料,在分析各碍航沙质浅滩滩性的基础上,提出了以疏浚为主、整疏结合的整治原则和措施。通过模型试验,针对长河段开挖航槽导致的水流归槽、流速增大、流态恶化等问题提出开挖复式断面河槽的方案,并基于动床试验得到的挖槽回淤量分布,提出保持航道稳定的建议。试验结果表明整治效果良好,方案实施后全河段基本达到设计要求,为同类航道整治工程提供借鉴经验。     

基于波传播分析的水下粘弹性复合圆柱壳振动功率流研究

采用波传播分析方法,讨论了外部敷设粘弹性自由阻尼材料的无限长圆柱壳在流场中受径向简谐激励的振动功率流.用复模量形式计及粘弹性阻尼的损耗因子,研究了自由阻尼圆柱壳在外激励作用下的输入功率流和沿壳体传播的功率流.结果表明粘弹性阻尼层可以明显降低激振力输入壳体的功率流,加快振动波在结构内的衰减,为潜艇结构和水下各种管道的减振降噪提供了一定的理论参考.     

水声MIMO-OFDM通信系统中基于导频的信道估计算法研究

正交频分复用(OFDM)和多输入多输出(MIMO)的结合可以有效地对抗多径衰落和码间干扰,大幅度提高水声通信系统的信道容量和传输效率,在高速水声通信中有着重要的发展前景。在分析梳状导频水声MIMO-OFDM通信原理的基础上,结合水声通信及信道传播特点,建立了信道模型,研究水声MIMO-OFDM系统中的信道估计原理和LS(最小平方误差)、MMSE(最小均方误差)算法。通过仿真试验比较两种算法在信道估计中的性能差异,为实际系统设计提供了理论参考。     

基于波传播法的水下圆柱壳临界载荷-频率特性分析

基于振动的水下圆柱壳临界载荷的预报具有结构无损的优势。针对基于振动的数值仿真及振动试验预测方法存在的不足之处,提出了基于波传播法的水下圆柱壳失稳载荷的理论求解方法。建立了计及静水压力影响的水下圆柱壳固-液耦合振动方程,基于波传播方法获得耦合系统的频率方程。运用Muller三点迭代法求出水下圆柱壳的固有频率,通过线性拟合的方法求出水下圆柱壳临界载荷的弹性理论解,修正后可得到便于工程应用的临界载荷。结果对比表明了该方法的准确性,且具有方法简便、计算量小和易于参数优化的优点。     

长江口疏浚土综合利用技术试验研究*

针对长江口二期吹泥上滩存在的问题及不足,开展了疏浚土综合利用的技术试验研究。试验研究结果表明:涉及疏浚土用于吹填造陆的吹泥上滩工艺、疏浚土专用吹输泥设备及机具、疏浚施工工艺、疏浚泥沙运动监测、水沙分离等关键技术问题总体上在长江口深水航道治理工程实践中得到了解决,为我国疏浚土综合利用水平的提高奠定了良好的技术基础。     

射阳港进港航道整治工程相关问题探讨

在总结分析射阳港出海口泥沙运动规律和航道回淤机理的基础上,提出射阳港进港航道整治工程方案。从航道回淤机理出发,介绍本工程开展一系列科研论证工作的总体思路,以理清目前仍可能存在的问题,并指出需要进一步研究的问题,为类似工程的建设提供参考。     

长江三峡两坝间河段航道整治方案

三峡—葛洲坝两坝间河段是川江船舶航行最困难的航段之一,其通航能力已经成为制约长江干线航运发展的瓶颈,需对该河段碍航滩险进行合理整治。文中介绍了两坝间重点碍航滩段,并以长江三峡两坝间著名的洪水急流滩——喜滩为例,分析了该滩段的碍航特性及成因,提出了通过炸礁、填槽和筑坝等工程措施,以减缓上水航线的流速、比降,消除泡漩乱水,扩大通航水域的整治思路,以延长万吨级船队通航期,满足设计船舶通航要求,为长江干线两坝间航道系统建设提供参考。