自行走式掘进机增阻力与增阻块撑出面积关系研究

自行走式隧道掘进机是一种新研发的非开挖技术装备,其克服了盾构和顶管长距离施工受限和急转弯不够灵活的缺点。为设计和制造自行走式掘进机应用型工业样机提供参数支持,通过设计和加工小型样机,先后进行模型试验和现场试验,得出增阻块提供的推力与增阻块撑出时在管轴垂直方向的投影面积为近似正比例关系。     

小松盾构机ROBOTEC导向系统初始化技术研究

盾构施工导向系统使用时,初始化精度对于盾构顺利掘进和精确贯通至关重要。目前ROBOTEC导向系统初始化精度相对较低,尤其是盾构多次使用后,盾尾会发生较大变形,将大大降低初始化精度,有时甚至会得出错误的初始化数据。通过对盾壳的测量及在盾尾内部增加参考点的三维旋转法,有效地提高了导向系统初始化精度,并可在掘进中利用盾尾增设参考点随时方便地检查导向系统的正确性。     

缸盖凸轮轴瓦盖拧紧机拧紧扳手自动变位装置研发与设计

文章介绍缸盖凸轮轴瓦盖拧紧机拧紧扳手自动变位装置的工作原理,针对发动机缸盖凸轮轴瓦盖装配过程中,对多品种和单一品种的多种不同间距的螺栓拧紧的问题,分析了拧紧扳手自动变位装置的设计要点及关键技术,并对缸盖凸轮轴瓦盖装配机拧紧扳手自动变位装置主要机构做了简单说明。     

一种发动机总成试漏机的研制

本文介绍了半自动化气密试验的构成、分类及工作原理。针对发动机泄露测试问题,提出了一种发动机总成试漏机的设计方法,并对其结构及工作流程做了简单介绍。最后,阐述了该技术对我国发动机行业发展的意义。     

铁路信号全电子执行单元在汉阴站的应用

目前在铁路车站信号控制领域,应用最广的是6502电气集中和以继电器为执行机构的计算机联锁系统。采用智能化的全电子执行单元替代继电器组合电路,是计算机联锁系统的发展方向。主要介绍全电子执行单元系统构成及其在汉阴站的应用。     

盾构主驱动密封失效检测及原因分析

为解决盾构主驱动密封系统在掘进过程中失效，造成主驱动、主轴承或齿轮损坏的问题，以某系列土压平衡盾构主驱动密封系统的结构和工作原理为基础，首先，采用适用于现场施工条件的主驱动密封气压检测技术，即分别向内、外密封各腔体内通入100 kPa压缩空气，保压30 min后，压降值在允许范围内为合格，超出为不合格，进而判定主驱动密封是否失效。然后，结合现场经验和理论分析，从设计、装配、操作、磨损4个方面对密封失效的原因进行分析，得出装配不合格、操作不当和正常磨损等问题均是目前最常见的密封失效原因。最后，针对密封失效原因，分别从设计、安装、操作、日常维保等各个环节进行预防把控，以保证主驱动密封系统达到设计使用寿命。     

改造架桥机 适应大纵坡桥梁架设

在闵浦大桥浦东引桥的T梁架设中,对架桥机进行了结构改造,T梁架设工作得以顺利完成。实践证明,在大纵坡条件下,合理地选择设备或对现有设备采取必要的技术措施,同样能够保证架梁、运梁的速度、质量和安全性。     

An improved headway-based holding strategy for bus transit

Abstract

This paper presents an improved headway-based holding strategy integrating bus transit travel and dwelling time prediction. A support vector machine-based (SVM) model is developed to predict the baseline travel and dwell times of buses based on recent data. In order to reduce prediction errors, an adaptive algorithm is used together with real-time bus operational information and estimated baseline times from SVM models. The objective of the improved holding strategy is to minimize the total waiting times of passengers at the current stop and at successive stops. Considering the time-varying features of bus running, a ‘forgetting factor’ is introduced to weight the most recent data and reduce the disturbance from unexpected incidents. Finally, the improved holding strategy proposed in this study is illustrated using the microscopic simulation model Paramics and some conclusions are drawn.     

对冲击破碎机械工作机构撞击中心的分析

撞击中心对于机器的性能设计和节能研究至关重要。为了确定冲击、破碎机械工作机构撞击中心的位置，采用运动学和动力学的分析方法，分别以碰撞体和工作机构为研究对象，通过分析碰撞方程和运动方程，验证撞击中心的位置以及碰撞体应满足的几何条件，为冲击、破碎机械的设计提供了理论依据。     

Application of the support vector machine and heuristic k-shortest path algorithm to determine the most eco-friendly path with a travel time constraint

This study aims to determine an eco-friendly path that results in minimum CO₂ emissions while satisfying a specified budget for travel time. First, an aggregated CO₂ emission model for light-duty cars is developed in a link-based level using a support vector machine. Second, a heuristic k-shortest path algorithm is proposed to solve the constrained shortest path problem. Finally, the CO₂ emission model and the proposed eco-routing model are validated in a real-world network. Specifically, the benefit of the trade-off between CO₂ emission reduction and the travel time budget is discussed by carrying out sensitivity analysis on a network-wide scale. A greater spare time budget may enable the eco-routing to search for the most eco-friendly path with higher probability. Compared to the original routes selected by travelers, the eco-friendly routes can save an average of 11% of CO₂ emissions for the trip OD pairs with a straight distance between 6 km and 9 km when the travel time budget is set to 10% above the least travel time. The CO₂ emission can also be reduced to some degree for other OD pairs by using eco-routing. Furthermore, the impact of market penetration of eco-routing users is quantified on the potential benefit for the environment and travel-time saving.