甲醇-柴油双燃料发动机喷醇MAP优化

在优化双燃料发动机喷醇MAP中应用了一种新方法,根据4B26甲醇-柴油双燃料发动机台架试验数据,用Matlab编写BP人工神经网络(BP-ANN)程序模拟发动机输入输出对应关系,利用遗传算法(GA)程序对神经网络模型中的喷醇MAP寻优。仿真结果显示,人工神经网络能简单快速地模拟发动机的实际运行情况。人工神经网络、遗传算法联合运行,能找到不同转速不同负荷下的最佳喷醇量。稳态工况试验表明,在保证双燃料发动机循环变动不致过大的情况下,应用该方法得到喷醇MAP的发动机醇耗比原机提高24.3%,炭烟排放降低7.5%,同时消除了循环变动。     

车用电池模型研究

由于社会和环境的需求,电动汽车市场规模不断扩大,对车用电池的研究也在不断加深。其中,电池模型的研究起着十分关键的作用,它关系到电池系统对SOC、SOH、工作参数曲线等信息的描述准确与否,进而关系到相关控制策略的执行,影响整车的参数和性能。文章介绍了三类电池模型——简化电化学模型、等效电路模型和神经网络模型。简化电化学模型采用数学方法描述电池内部的反应过程,等效电路模型使用电路网络模拟电池动态模型,神经网络模型是利用人工智能的方法模拟电池的运行。神经网络非线性、多输入多输出、泛化能力强的特点,尤为有利于描述电池这一高度非线性系统,是研究和应用的重点。     

Perceived Diving Impacts and Management Implications at a Popular South African Reef

Coral reefs are threatened by impacts such as from scuba diving, and ongoing research is required to assess diving impacts, diver behavior and environmental knowledge. This study investigated perceived diving impacts, reef condition and norms among scuba divers at Sodwana Bay (South Africa). Divers viewed contact with coral as damaging, and perceived environmental degradation at dive sites. However, most divers saw activities such as photography as causing little or no damage to reefs. One meter or less was believed to be a safe distance from the reef or the wildlife to avoid contact or disturbance, and encounter norms were high. Age and experience influenced most perceptions, although cannot be accepted as reliable indicators of divers' perceptions or behavior, due to the heterogeneous conduct of divers of various experience and age as described in literature. The importance of human perceptions to understand what strategies need implementation in diving management is discussed.     

Seaport Development and Coastal Management Programs: A National Overview

Oysters have been harvested on the east coast of Australia for many thousands of years. Coastal Aboriginal communities used the extensive estuarine oyster resource and may have farmed oysters by establishing shell cultch beds in shallow areas of estuaries. The British colonization of Australia commenced in 1788 and oysters were initially used for food and production of lime. Concerns about unsustainable exploitation led to introduction of legislation that directed the oyster industry to aquaculture in 1884. Translocation of oyster stock for fattening, from New Zealand to Australian east coast estuaries, was encouraged. Here evidence is presented that this activity resulted in “mudworm disease” appearing in oyster farming estuaries on the Australian east coast between 1880 and 1900. The pandemic permanently destroyed natural sub-tidal oyster reefs and forced the oyster industry to adopt avoidance farming techniques including intertidal farming to cope with mudworm.     

防渗膜在人工湖防渗处理中的应用

介绍白洋淀华润集团培训中心人工湖的防渗设计。由于该人工湖面积达到 8万m2 ,少量的单位渗漏量就会造成大量湖水流失 ,在我国水资源日趋短缺、用水成本不断上升的情况下 ,选择一种防渗效果好、投资低的防渗处理工艺显得尤为重要。为此 ,选择一些抗冲刷性稍差 ,而造价较低、防渗效果好的工艺 ,膜料防渗就可以满足这一要求。就防渗处理的各种方法及适用条件作了介绍 ,结合工程实例 ,分析膜料防渗的优越性 ,详细描述膜料防渗处理的方法、设计工艺及其参数 ,并列举了高密度聚乙烯 (HDPE)衬膜在工程上的使用情况     

基于人工免疫的舰艇故障诊断专家系统设计

日益复杂的舰艇装备,需要快速准确的故障诊断专家系统.简要介绍了传统故障诊断专家系统的组成,分析了传统故障诊断系统的不足.根据舰艇装备的结构,给出了基于人工免疫的舰艇故障诊断专家系统的设计方案,并着重分析了专家知识库的学习、进化过程.对解决故障诊断专家系统知识库的动态更新问题有所帮助.     

HYBRID STRATIFIED ATMS AND ANN FOR CASE-BASED REASONING

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基于多传感器信息融合的焊缝跟踪系统设计

针对埋弧焊（Submerged—Are Welding，SAW）控制系统，提出一种用于焊缝跟踪的仿人智能控制算法。该方法根据专家知识和操作人员的经验，给出了基于规则的仿人智能控制器的设计方案。通过比较模糊控制算法和仿人智能控制算法的仿真结果，可以得出：仿人智能控制算法在焊缝跟踪中是可行的，且与模糊控制算法相比，其具有更好的动态性能和控制精度，且还具有较强的鲁棒性。     

眼动跟踪系统中的检测算法

眼动跟踪技术被广泛的应用于工程心理学和人机交互等领域,较为详细地介绍人工神经网络、卡尔曼滤波、瞳孔定位、活性判别这几种眼动跟踪系统中的检测算法。     

An Effective Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem

IntroductionVehicle routing problem(VRP)is a well-known combinatorial optimization problem and isalso a focal problem of distribution managementwithin the area of service operations managementand logistics.Capacitated vehicle routing problem(CVRP)is a very hard vehicle routing problem.The problem is to simultaneously determine theroutes for several vehicles from a central depot to aset of customers,and then return to the depotwithout exceeding the capacity constraints of eachvehicle.In prac…