椭圆余弦波对圆弧型固立防波堤的绕射波浪力

基于椭圆余弦波绕射理论,应用特征函数展开法,推导浅水波对圆弧型固立防波堤绕射的波势解,据此计算作用于防波堤的水平波浪载荷。结果表明:浅水波入射角与非线性影响参数、海况条件以及防波堤几何条件等因素的相对变化对波浪作用均存在一定的影响。与微幅波理论对比可知:在一定浅水条件下采用椭圆余弦波一阶分量模型所计算的最大无量纲波浪力均明显高于微幅波理论的对应估值,反映了水波非线性因素的影响效应。     

基于动态执行机构的船舶循迹反步积分控制

文章针对连续曲率路径,用一种简单的几何方法生成连续曲率的路径.基于该几何方法生成的连续路径,文中利用line-of-sight(LOS)引导律解决了循迹控制中横向偏差最小的问题.为了减弱控制输出的振荡和获得平滑的控制输出,一种基于动态执行机构的改进反步积分控制器在过驱动船舶循迹控制中得到了应用.值得注意的是,文中用积分操作来抵抗风浪流环境力.数值分析结果展示了该控制器的有效性.     

齐次边界条件下圆柱壳的自由振动研究

基于Flügge弹性薄壳理论研究圆柱壳在齐次边界条件下的自由振动问题.圆柱壳的自振频率通过位移控制方程和边界条件控制方程联立求解获得.引入一般形式的位移函数之后,位移控制方程能够得到关于频率和波数的频散图,联合边界条件后转化为8阶矩阵行列式的零点求解.讨论自振频率点在频散曲线中的位置,给出纯虚数曲线分支的含义.还讨论精确解和常用梁方法的联系,研究振型在3个频率区域变化的情况.     

Investigating heterogeneity in social influence by social distance in car-sharing decisions under uncertainty: A regret-minimizing hybrid choice model framework based on sequential stated adaptation experiments

The present study is designed to investigate social influence in car-sharing decisions under uncertainty. Social influence indicates that individuals’ decisions are influenced by the choices made by members of their social networks. An individual may experience different degrees of influence depending on social distance, i.e. the strength of the social relationship between individuals. Such heterogeneity in social influence has been largely ignored in the previous travel behavior research. The data used in this study stems from an egocentric social network survey, which measures the strength of the social relationships of each respondent. In addition, a sequential stated adaptation experiment was developed to capture more explicitly the effect of social network choices on the individual decision-making process. Social distance is regarded as a random latent variable. The estimated social distance and social network choices are incorporated into a social influence variable, which is treated as an explanatory variable in the car-sharing decision model. To simultaneously estimate latent social distance and the effects of social influence on the car-sharing decision, we expand the hybrid choice framework to incorporate the latent social distance model into discrete choice analysis. The estimation results show substantial social influence in car-sharing decisions. The magnitude of social influence varies according to the type of relationship, similarity of socio-demographics and the number of social interactions.     

一个实用的联合平差程序系统

本文介绍了一个以摄影测量光束法平差理论为基础的实用的联合平差程 序系统。该系统具有补偿系统误差、检测部分粗差和处理大地测量信息 的功能。文中简要说明了该系统所使用的基本理论、平差模型、方程解 法、程序结构和主要功能。利用HORDoRF试验场资料,对该程序系 统进行了试验计算。结果是令人满意的。      

A GPS-based system for precise shipping guidance and control

This paper discusses the general concept of an automatic berthing system. The research considered the automatic berthing of a large merchant ship. A global positioning system (GPS)-based system, which provides the necessary information on position, velocity, attitude (roll, pitch, and heading), angular velocity, and time, was the principal sensor used. Field tests were conducted on board a hydrographic sounding ship to assess the quality of information obtained from a GPS-based system. The data were processed using the software with which the algorithms developed in this research were implemented. This paper also discusses various aspects concerning a real-time GPS-based system in relation to an automatic berthing system, such as integration of sensors, mathematical models, port infrastructure, and training of crews. Received: October 22, 1999 / Accepted: June 30, 2000     

锯齿形公交优先进口道的设置方法

为减少公交延误,发挥锯齿形公交优先进口道作用,分析了公交优先进口道的工作流程、车辆到达流量、通行能力、预信号区使用条件,提出了将锯齿形公交优先进口道车辆到达流量与通行能力匹配的优化模型与设置方法,建立了锯齿形公交优先进口道设置适宜的交通条件,提出了进口道主信号与预信号协调配时,与车辆流量适宜的候驶区长度确定的方法,计算了公交优先进口道设置前后公交车辆与社会车辆的延误。发现给定条件的城市主干道公交进口道优先可以使公交车的平均延误减少3．7S,社会车辆平均延误增加1．4S,所有乘客平均延误减少2．4S。     

基于反馈线性化的船舶航向保持模糊自适应控制

针对诺宾（Norbin）非线性船舶模型,基于反馈线性化方法和由径向基函数（RBF）神经网络构建的模糊系统的逼近能力,提出了基于反馈线性化的船舶航向保持模糊自适应控制算法。运用泰勒级数展开的线性化技术,使模糊系统的所有参数均可实时调节,引入了鲁棒控制消除模糊逼近系统带来的误差,在李雅普诺夫稳定性理论的基础上导出了自适应控制率。该算法可以确保闭环系统渐近稳定,使系统的模型跟踪误差为0,优于传统的PID控制策略,具有良好的自适应能力。     

基于多项式逼近的管道悬跨响应谱研究

该文详细介绍了采用线性化法和多项式逼近法求解非线性波浪力谱密度的过程。在此基础上推导出波流联合作用和忽略海流影响作用这两种条件下,管道悬跨结构的流向及垂向响应谱密度。最后,文中以某一海底管线为例,对比采用这两种方法得到的结果。     

船闸引航道长波波动对人字闸门影响研究

从船闸灌泄水非恒定流对闸室与引航道水力特性的影响出发,通过物理模型试验观测了引航道的波动形态、波动水力特性;探讨了闸首处最大水面升降与最大流量、引航道长度的关系;分析了闸室超高（降）与引航道水面升降对人字闸门的影响。结果表明调平闸室与上下游水位后,人字闸门的内侧（闸室）承受惯性水头,外侧（引航道）承受水面周期升降,人字闸门承受正反水头的作用,该水头呈抵消趋势,所以引航道水面升降有助于反向水头的减小。同时,讨论了惯性超高（降）改善措施、引航道水面波动的利弊及对集中输水系统船闸人字闸门的影响。