基于Web的积件系统设计

积件思想改变了传统制作课件的方法,使教师可以自己定制适合各种教学情境的教学课件。文章介绍了积件的理论基础,设计实现了基于Web的积件系统,重点阐述了该系统的积件库的设计和系统的用户管理、积件库管理、积件组合平台、系统维护4个模块的功能和一个积件式网络课程平台的应用实例。     

关于在高铁等客运列车保洁服务中应用新技术的探讨

中国高铁的保洁服务基本上是效仿世界上最早运营高铁的日本，只考虑如何去清洗，而没有从避免或减少污染去思考，技术含量低，成本高，仅上海局用于高铁保洁的费用就达到2亿元／年。为此，本文试图从避免或减少污染人手，论述了光催化和低表面能两类自清洁防污型涂料在高铁保沽服务中应用以降低成本和提高保洁标准的可行性，并对可能出现的问题进行了分析。另外，本文还指出，低表面能涂料完全可以用于解决困扰多年的普通列车被人体排泄物污染的快速清污问题，以及光催化涂料可以用于防止电力系统污闪从而提高电力系统的安全稳定。     

半刚性路面基层养生方式的研究

通过工程试验,以水泥粉煤灰稳定级配碎石为试验路段,研究了覆盖补水养生和覆盖密封养生创造的温湿度环境及其对强度和抗裂性的影响,采用干湿泡温度计测量2种养生方式下基层所处的温湿度环境。结果表明:2种养生条件下的湿度始终高于外界湿度;早晚时湿度大而且离散小,但正午时湿度比较低且离散较大;早晚的温度离差较小,正午的离差较大,且薄膜养生条件下温度的离散性比麻袋养生小。相对于覆盖补水养生而言,覆盖密封养生具有很好的保温保湿效果,养护的基层不仅强度高,具备良好的抗裂性,而且可以节省大量养生用水,是一种很好的基层养生方式。     

泰井高速公路沥青路面面层施工质量控制

泰井高速公路经过较长时间通车运营，现路基坚实、路面平整，经江西省交通厅质检站交工检测，沥青混凝土路面各项指标均优于规范要求，被评为优良工程。     

水面舰艇船体防腐和阴极保护的优化设计方法

海水及海洋大气对船体金属的腐蚀是困扰舰船的一大难题，现代水面舰船防腐蚀设计的重要性日趋明显。介绍国内外水面舰船防腐蚀设计的现状、现代水面舰船防腐蚀和阴极保护优化设计的方法、耐腐蚀材料的选用和应注意的事项。阐述目前国内现代水面舰船防腐蚀存在的主要问题和今后的发展趋势。     

Long-term sea surface temperature baselines—time series, spatial covariation and implications for biological processes

Coastal areas such as estuaries, bays and fjords usually have hydrographic characteristics (e.g., temperature, salinity) which differ from those at larger spatial scales and in offshore areas. The differences can arise if the areas are subject to different climatic forcing or if they are relatively isolated from each other due to topographic and ocean circulation features which inhibit advective inputs of water mass properties. Local differences in hydrographic conditions can therefore potentially limit the applicability of existing long time series of coastally monitored temperatures for addressing questions at large spatial scales, such as the response of species distributions and phenologies to climate change. In this study we investigate the spatial synchrony of long-term sea surface temperatures in the North Sea–Baltic Sea region as measured daily at four coastal sites (Marsdiep, Netherlands; Torungen, Norway; Skagens Reef, Denmark; and Christiansø, Denmark) and in several large offshore areas. All time series, including two series reconstructed and intercalibrated for this study (Skagens Reef and Christiansø, Denmark), began during 1861–1880 and continue until at least 2001. Temperatures at coastal sites co-varied strongly with each other and with opportunistically measured offshore temperatures despite separation distances between measuring locations of 20–1200 km. This covariance is probably due to the influence of large-scale atmospheric processes on regional temperatures and is consistent with the known correlation radius of atmospheric fluctuations (ca. 1000 km). Differences (e. g, long-term trends, amplitude of seasonal variations) between coastal temperatures and those measured in adjacent offshore areas varied nonrandomly over time and were often significantly autocorrelated up to 2 years. These differences suggest that spatial variations in physical oceanographic phenomena and sampling heterogeneities associated with opportunistic sampling could affect perceptions of biological responses to temperature fluctuations. The documentation that the coastally measured temperatures co-vary with those measured opportunistically in offshore areas suggests that the coastal data, which have been measured daily using standardized methods and instruments, contain much of the variability seen at larger spatial scales. We conclude that both types of time series can facilitate assessments of how species and ecosystems have responded to past temperature changes and how they may react to future temperature changes.     

水面舰船声学特性的类比及其评价

传统的水面舰船声学设计评价方法在应用上存在着局限性，为进一步发展和完善，通过对总声级声学特性类比、声频范围和超声频段声学特性、实船检测声学特点和实船声隐身战术技术要求制订等进行广泛论述与类比探讨的基础上，指出了现有方法在总声级确定、声学特性预报和实船检测等方面的不足，提出了较为合理的水面舰船声学特性的类比及其评价方法，即以特定频段的线谱分析来评定其声学性能。     

多孔混凝土基层排水分析与计算

根据水力学的相关原理,分析了地表水通过沥青混凝土路面下渗的渗流规律、自由水在多孔混凝土排水基层中的流动状态和排除过程,计算了多孔混凝土排水基层满足排水要求的最小厚度,并对排水系统设置的场合进行了讨论。     

废磷石膏改性二灰碎石基层的探讨

针对二灰半刚性基层材料早期强度低、收缩大而导致沥青路面早期开裂等问题,对磷石膏改性二灰稳定粒料的强度、强度发展、水稳性、抗冲刷性进行了研究。结果表明:磷石膏改性二灰路面基层材料与二灰材料相比,这几种性能都得到了大幅度地改善,同时还能够降低工程造价和减少环境污染,社会经济效益显著。     

贫混凝土透水基层的排水能力

为研究路面内部排水能力的计算方法、基层渗透系数取值方法以及路面内部退水时间,采用较大尺寸的试验板进行了透水基层排水能力的模拟试验研究,并通过研究变水头时不同坡度、不同孔隙率下的路面退水时间,建立了退水时间、退水百分比、孔隙率和坡度之间的回归公式。研究结果表明:在恒水头条件下,当基层底面水平时,基层的排水能力为达西定律计算值的1/2;当基层底面坡度为s时,基层的排水能力q可近似为q=kh1s;试件的垂直渗透系数和基层渗透系数的概念及数值不同,可以通过修正试件室内垂直渗透系数来获得路面基层渗透系数。建立的回归公式为最终确定路面内部的排水时间标准提供了依据。