北京市旅游交通方式选择行为研究

为防止北京市旅游高峰期间景区周边交通混乱以及城市交通路网负荷增加,选取北京市三 处景点进行问卷调查,将游客的年龄、是否有车、月收入、同行人数及同伴类型等数据作为影响游客交通方式选择的因素。与此同时,对所需数据进行有效性检验,进而分析不同游客的出行方 式特性,利用非集计模型对游客的交通方式选择行为进行研究。结果显示：游客的年龄、是否有车、月收入、同行人数以及同伴类型这几类因素对游客的交通方式选择的影响均显著,并得到游 客对私家车、出租车、地铁及公交车这四类交通方式选择的比例,分别为17%, 7%, 54%, 22%。研究表明,北京市旅游交通方式的需求以公共交通为主,尤其是对轨道交通的需求,为此建议进 一步加大北京市旅游公共交通系统建设,提高旅游交通的服务质量。     

爆破网路设计在毗邻城镇滩险施工的应用

毗邻城镇滩险爆破施工一直是各方关心的问题,尤其附近有文物建筑更是如此。爆破施工主要解决施工安全与工程施工质量、工程综合效率之间的矛盾,并注重生态环境保护。针对毗邻城镇滩险施工中的诸多不利因素,探讨了爆破施工理论、爆破网路设计技术、施工工艺和操作方法,结合赤水河具体滩险的工程实例,指出爆破施工中应注意解决的主要问题,重点对主要爆破技术参数进行分析研究,实践结果达到了安全控制、质量控制、资源节约、成本控制的目的。     

Vulnerability of Coastal Resort Cities to Mean Sea Level Rise in the Mexican Caribbean

We evaluated the potential economic impacts of increasing sea level rise (SLR) along the Mexican Caribbean where there are major gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms controlling flooding duration and frequency associated to future ecological and economic impacts. We determined the negative economic impact of SLR on infrastructure in the largest urban centers (Cancun, Isla Mujeres, Playa del Carmen, Puerto Morelos and Cozumel) in the state of Quintana Roo (Mexico) that are considered the largest tourism “hot spots” (resort cities) in the country. The tourism industry in this coastal area injects >8 billion dollars year^?1 to the Mexican economy. Our conservative economic assessment regarding the impact of SLR, under a 1?m scenario for all coastal cities is $330 million USD. Further projections for worst scenarios (SLR >2 m) show a non-linear trend where the cost of inaction can reach up to $1.4 billion USD (2?m SLR scenario) and $2.3 billion USD (3?m SLR scenario). This potential loss of infrastructure, as construction cost, is staggering and represents a robust baseline to start evaluating with more detail future impacts of climate variability and change on the Mexican Caribbean coastline.     

复式航道的淤积计算

利用水流泥沙运动基本理论，分析了水流经过复式航道时的流速、流向变化，建立了复式航道的泥沙淤积计算公式，方法简单实用，可供工程应用。     

构建新型高职旅游专业育人模式势在必行

高等职业旅游教育的发展方向,应以市场为导向,建立起一套符合职业教育特点的新型育人模式,必须建立科学的实践教育体系、完善的职业养成体系和"校、企、政"一体化的培养模式。     

Planning for Cruise Ship Resilience: An Approach to Managing Cruise Ship Impacts in Haines,Alaska

Resilience theory has management implications useful when planning for cruise ship tourism. In small coastal communities, cruise ships often provide welcomed economic incentives that can bolster a waning economy. However, in some coastal communities, the magnitude and intensity of passenger visits can reduce social resilience and induce an economic regime shift that leads to rapid socioeconomic reorganization. The implications of such a regime shift are a loss of economic diversity, reduced social resilience, and a loss of social capital. Planning for cruise ship resilience increases the likelihood of successful coping strategies and addresses the socioecological changes inherent to a cruise ship destination. Both Holling's adaptive cycle and the four principals for building resilience established by Berkes and Seixas are fundamental to a successful management plan.     

A Review of Beach Bye-Law Usage in Supporting Coastal Management in Ireland

Coastal areas are commonly the focus of a range of human activities and uses. Beaches are one example of multi-use coastal environments, accommodating activities linked to leisure and recreation, amenity, conservation and business, often simultaneously. Ireland is no different in this regard, as its beach resources provide a range of goods and services of societal value. Ireland has 16 coastal counties and their associated local authorities have a beach management remit, a role that can present a number of challenges. The use of beach bye-laws is one option to support management of beach environments by local authorities. Local authority personnel tasked with beach management from each coastal local authority were surveyed to assess the actual and potential role of beach bye-laws in contributing to more effective management of beach environments and to broader coastal management. Usage of beach bye-laws varied across local authority areas and evidence suggested that the efficacy, use, and implementation of beach bye-laws differed from county to county. Beach bye-laws offer potential but interaction with other initiatives as part of a wider program for coastal management may yield improved results.     

基于开放式理念的高速公路服务区与旅游融合发展业态开发研究

为加速推进服务区的休闲化、景区化进程,推动服务区升级改造,重构服务区业态,逐步增加旅游服务功能,探索将服务区打造成旅游目的地,本文依据国内外关于开放式理念的研究进展,结合“服务区+旅游”融合发展的现状和内涵特征,提出基于开放式理念的“服务区+旅游”概念,通过借鉴旅游业态和产品划分标准,梳理总结“服务区+旅游”新业态特征,提出基于产业开发、新技术整合、特色产品开发、时间规划和智慧交通开发五大“服务区+旅游”业态类型,再从产业融合和“交通+旅游”的角度出发,系统提出“服务区+旅游”融合发展新业态清单。     

The Economics of Using Ocean Observing Systems to Improve Beach Closure Policy

Beach closure policies in the United States suffers from two shortcomings. Type I errors, in which clean beaches are closed, results when managers resort to extensive beach closures because they are unsure of the spatial extent of water contamination. Type II errors, in which contaminated beaches remain open, occur because the time from sampling to public notification can be between two and nine days. Coastal Ocean Observing Systems (COOS) could reduce the impact of both Type I and II errors. The COOS could reduce the spatial extent of beach closures by better predicting the fate of contaminants in coastal waters. An improved COOS also could reduce the time from sampling to public notification of contamination events. I estimate the lost recreational value associated with Type I errors (unnecessary closures) and the public health costs associated with Type II errors (unnecessary exposure to waterborne illnesses) for beaches in Southern California.     

Green-Naghdi theory, part A: Green-Naghdi (GN) equations for shallow water waves

In this work,Green-Naghdi (GN) equations with general weight functions were derived in a simple way. A wave-absorbing beach was also considered in the general GN equations. A numerical solution for a level higher than 4 was not feasible in the past with the original GN equations. The GN equations for shallow water waves were simplified here, which make the application of high level (higher than 4) equations feasible. The linear dispersion relationships of the first seven levels were presented. The accuracy of dispersion relationships increased as the level increased. Level 7 GN equations are capable of simulating waves out to wave number times depth . Numerical simulation of nonlinear water waves was performed by use of Level 5 and 7 GN equations, which will be presented in the next paper.