沙卵石浅滩整治水位及整治线宽度确定方法的研究

对以往的有关整治水位与整治线宽度的研究成果进行了分析,并指出了存在的问题。在此基础上,应用输沙平衡原理导出了准二维的计算公式,计算结果表明该公式更具普遍的实用性。     

海洋平台桩基的冲刷机理

从桩基周围的水流结构和此水流条件下泥沙的运动来叙述桩基冲刷的过程,总结平台桩基冲刷的机理及影响冲刷坑位置与大小的因素,综合前人的研究,认为海洋平台周围水流状态对桩基的冲刷研究有待进一步深入。     

温州瓯飞浅滩地形冲淤演变特征

基于瓯飞浅滩海域多年水文泥沙及地形水深实测资料,分析研究其水动力泥沙特性及地形冲淤演变规律。结果表明:研究海域潮流性质属于非正规半日浅海潮流,各垂线分潮流椭圆率K值在0. 00～0. 20之间,故潮流总体上以往复流为主;含沙量分布呈现外海向口内逐渐增大的趋势,且大潮期含沙量明显大于中潮和小潮期;通过对瓯飞浅滩近几十年的冲淤计算及相关断面分析,认为瓯飞浅滩的潮滩区域总体处于略有淤高基本稳定的状态。不同于潮滩区域,瓯飞浅滩的水下浅滩区域在1987—2010年,年均冲刷幅度为0. 008～0. 02 m,表现为基本稳定略有冲刷的状态。     

挖泥船装舱数值模拟

挖泥船在施工过程中大量泥沙不断进入舱内。如果泥沙装舱过程控制不合理,容易造成挖泥船失去平衡,影响施工进度,甚至发生安全问题。同时,船舱出口在向外排水,一部分泥沙跟随水流流出舱外,造成溢流损失。合理安排装舱操作流程是保证施工安全和减少溢流损失的关键。通过采用MIKE 3 HD和MT模型模拟泥沙进入舱内的运动过程,计算分析不同工况下的舱内泥沙分布和装舱容积曲线。结果表明,MIKE 3模型可以很好地模拟泥沙装舱过程,并且计算速度快,可以用于辅助挖泥船施工操作的事先控制。     

盘锦港深水航道水沙环境特征分析

综合多次现场实测资料,分析了盘锦港10万吨级深水航道的水沙特征,讨论航道回淤泥沙来源和产生泥沙骤淤的可能性。研究结果表明:1)该海区波浪动力不强,以风浪为主;潮汐为非正规半日潮,属中强潮海域;潮流为正规半日潮流,主要以往复形式运动,口门内侧存在强度较弱的旋转流。2)河口区和近岸浅滩含沙量高、外海深水区含沙量较低,泥沙主要以悬浮形式运动,大风影响下各站含沙量均显著大于常规天。3)航道沿程底质泥沙呈粗细交错分布;波流作用下两侧岸滩就地起动搬运的泥沙为航道淤积的主要来源和直接来源,回淤物质较细,泥沙淤积以悬沙落淤为主;出现骤淤碍航的可能性较小。     

瓯江口中沙采沙对温州港航道的影响研究

采用水动力泥沙环境分析、中沙水域冲淤演变分析、潮流数学模型计算、航道泥沙淤积计算等手段对中沙有限量采沙对温州进出港主航道的影响进行了分析和论证。结果表明,在中沙浅滩进行有限量的采沙基本不会对温州港进出港主航道造成负面影响。     

大平岛围垦工程对航道、码头影响研究

基于工程海域条件分析,建立了平面二维潮流泥沙数学模型。在实测资料验证良好的基础上,对大平岛围垦工程前、后的潮流、悬沙场等进行了模拟,就工程对围区附近航道、码头的影响进行了分析研究。研究表明,本工程的实施对周边海域没有大范围的根本性影响,其影响主要集中在西侧水道的局部水域,会使处于围区西侧水道的燕山热电厂煤码头及其航道等产生淤积,建议定期疏浚或采取其它工程措施。     

台州港黄礁港区悬沙输移规律研究

采用经过水沙验证的潮流泥沙数学模型,模拟了大港湾水域的水沙运动特点,计算了港池泥沙回淤量。模拟结果表明,港池泥沙来源主要为大港湾后方浅滩落潮流挟沙;港池口门处的防波堤对减轻港池泥沙回淤的效果并不显著,港池后方修建围堰可使港池回淤量减小2/3;围堰阻挡了浅滩泥沙进入港池的通道。同时大港湾形成的半封闭港池具有流弱、沙少、回淤较轻的特点,经过相应的工程措施可成为一个优良的港湾。     

A porous cell method for the simulation of fluid-solid interactions

There are many ways of describing a solid,porous or fluid region of the computational domain when solving the Navier-Stokes equations(NSE)for flow motions.Amongst these the porous cell method is one of the most flexible approaches.In this method,a parameter is defined as a ratio of the volume open to water and air in a calculation cell to its cell volume.In the calculation,the same numerical procedure is applied to every cell and no explicit boundary conditions are needed at solid boundaries.The method is used to simulate flow through porous media,around solid bodies and over a moving seabed.The results compare well with experimental data and other numerical results.In our future work the porous cell method will be applied to more complex fluid-solid interaction situations.     

A three-dimensional, wave-current coupled, sediment transport model for POM

In the high-energy environment of coastal seas and estuaries,strong sediment resuspension/ deposition events are driven by surface waves,tides,winds and buoyancy driven currents.In recent years,A POM based three-dimensional,wave-current coupled,sediment transport model has been developed by the University of New South Wales.This paper presents several examples of the model applications to study sediment dynamics in the environments where forcings such as waves,tides,and winds are equally important to affect sediment fluxes and distributions.Firstly,the sediment transport model coupled to the Yellow Sea general circulation model and a third generation wave model SWAN was implemented in the Yellow Sea to study the dynamics of the sediment transport and resuspension in the northern Jiangsu shoal-wate(rNJSW).The sediment distributions and fluxes and their inter-annual variability were studied by realistic numerical simulations.The study found that the surface waves played a dominant role over the tides to form the turbidity maxima along the muddy coast of NJSW. Secondly,the sediment transport model was used to explore the effect of suspended sediment-induced stratification in the bottom boundary laye(rBBL).The model uses a re-parameterized bottom drag coefficient Cd that incorporates a linear stability function of flux Richardson number Rf.The study has shown that the sediment induced stratification in the BBL reduces the vertical eddy viscosity and bottom shear stress in comparison with the model prediction in a neutrally stratified BBL.In response to these apparent reductions,the tidal current shear is increased and sediments are abnormally concentrated within a thin wall layer that is overlain by a thicker layer with much smaller concentration.The formation of this fluid-mud layer near the seabed has led to a significant reduction in the total sediment transport.This study contributes to the understanding of formations of tidal flats along the coasts of turbid seas and estuaries.