强化质检风险管控 支撑技术服务基础

为贯彻全国铁路工作会议精神,落实铁科院工作会议部署,总结铁道部产品质量监督检验中心2011年工作,分析2012年面临的形势和任务,提出2012年重点工作,以适应新的一年铁路发展对质检工作的新要求、新任务,加快提升质检能力,加强全面风险管理,为铁路发展提供技术基础支持。     

氢燃料内燃机技术现状与发展展望

介绍了氢气及氢燃料内燃机的特点及氢燃料内燃机的技术现状。通过对比分析指出氢燃料内燃机既可以采用清洁可再生能源,又可以充分利用现有的庞大工业体系,是实现氢气经济的现实途径。     

地铁架空刚性接触网平面设计软件的优化

当前地铁设计任务的不断增加对接触网辅助设计软件提出更高的要求。介绍架空刚性接触网平面设计软件的优化内容,采用先进的编程语言实现分布式软件架构,对架空刚性接触网平面设计中的底图处理、锚段智能划分、悬挂点智能布置及冲突检测和调整、拉出值自动计算、汇流排和渡线设计、工程量统计及图幅处理等算法进行优化设计。实际应用表明,本软件提高了地铁架空刚性接触网平面设计的成图质量及设计效率,可满足高质、高效的出图需求。     

浅谈施工企业如何应对低价中标

本文从施工企业的角度出发,针对目前深圳市建设工程招投标市场中出现的采用低价中标的评标方法,从施工企业定额、不平衡报价、责任分解和施工企业成本管理方面详细阐述了施工企业应对低价中标的四种措施,实践证明,这些措施是行之有效的.     

Can ports increase traffic while reducing inputs? Technical efficiency of Spanish Port Authorities using a directional distance function approach

The focus of this paper is on the productive efficiency of ports. We estimate a directional technology distance function using parametric techniques to analyze the production technology and technical efficiency of a set of Spanish Port Authorities observed over the period 1993–2012. Technical inefficiency is conceived as the ability of ports to simultaneously expand a given output and contract variable inputs while maintaining quasi-fixed inputs and other outputs constant. Thus, for containerized cargo we address the following question: Given the amount of quasi-fixed inputs used by the firm and given the volume of the other outputs (liquids, solids, non-containerized cargo and passenger traffic), could ports increase their containerized merchandise while simultaneously reducing their variable inputs? Similar questions are asked for solid bulk and non-containerized general cargo. Our results show evidence of technical inefficiency among the ports in our sample. In particular, if the ports operated efficiently, we find that containerized cargo could be expanded by an average of over 6.4%, with an equivalent reduction in variable inputs. Solid bulk cargo and general non-containerized cargo could be increased by 4.1% and 6.1% respectively, with corresponding reductions in variable inputs. An implication of our results is that there is ample scope for specialization on the part of ports with no increase in infrastructure costs. Given that large investments in infrastructure have been made in Spanish port over the last decade, this opens the possibility of moving towards a management model based on taking advantage of existing capacity rather than new investments.     

杭州公共自行车交通系统发展优化建议与思考

文章通过大量的信息调研,综合分析了杭州市公共自行车交通系统(PBS)的运营现状及存在的问题,提出了拓宽非机动车道、服务点规模等级化、站点设施结构智能化、换乘系统综合化的公共自行车交通系统发展优化建议。     

Railway reforms: do they influence operating efficiency?

This paper considers railway operations in 23 European countries during 1995–2001, where a series of reform initiatives were launched by the European Commission, and analyses whether these reform initiatives improved the efficiency of the railway systems. Efficiency is measured using Multi-directional Efficiency Analysis, which enables investigation of how railway reforms affect the inefficiencies of specific cost drivers. The main findings are that the reform initiatives generally improve technical efficiency but potentially differently for different cost drivers. Specifically, the paper provides empirical evidence that accounting separation is important for improving the efficiency in the use of both material and staff costs, whereas other reforms only influenced one of these factors.

交通职业技术学院学生职业价值观问题研究

市场经济所带来的多元化择业观念,使毕业生集体主义观念和社会责任感观念淡化,从而在就业选择上趋向于功利化、自我化。文章针对当前交通职业技术学院学生职业价值观的这一变化,分析学生现实型职业价值观与传统型职业价值观之旬的冲突,提出了交通职业技术学校在职业价值观教育方面应采取的措施。     

交通技工学校学生厌学现象分析及对策研究

文章针对交通技工学校学生厌学现象,从社会、家庭、学校、学生自身等方面深入分析了学生厌学的原因,提出了解决厌学问题的对策与措施。     

尼铁现代化项目中矩形空心桥台的优化设计

当前常用的时速200 km的铁路矩形空心桥台参考图中的桥台截面尺寸偏厚,安全富余量很大。为节约混凝土圬工量,希望在保证安全的前提下减少桥台截面尺寸。首先提出专门针对铁路矩形空心桥台台身截面计算的荷载图示,然后利用这一新的图示对拉伊铁路项目中使用的常规矩形空心桥台进行有限元分析,经过不断试算提出最优的截面尺寸。在钢筋用量基本不变的情况下,新尺寸桥台较原参考图中桥台的混凝土用量减少10%以上。对于项目所在地尼日利亚国水泥价格高昂的情况而言,桥台尺寸的这一优化将产生较大的经济效益。