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181.
The paper focuses on Network Traffic Control based on aggregate traffic flow variables, aiming at signal settings which are consistent with within-day traffic flow dynamics. The proposed optimisation strategy is based on two successive steps: the first step refers to each single junction optimisation (green timings), the second to network coordination (offsets). Both of the optimisation problems are solved through meta-heuristic algorithms: the optimisation of green timings is carried out through a multi-criteria Genetic Algorithm whereas offset optimisation is achieved with the mono-criterion Hill Climbing algorithm. To guarantee proper queuing and spillback simulation, an advanced mesoscopic traffic flow model is embedded within the network optimisation method. The adopted mesoscopic traffic flow model also includes link horizontal queue modelling. The results attained through the proposed optimisation framework are compared with those obtained through benchmark tools. 相似文献
182.
Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is a technology which can reduce the cost for power distribution network operators by storing electricity in the batteries of electric-drive vehicles and retrieving it when energy demands increase during the course of a day. Participants of V2G are reimbursed for offering their vehicles which can lead to changes in trip schedules when V2G payments are high and travelers are sensitive to the payments. However, prior studies have ignored the effects of V2G on travelers’ schedules. This research gap is addressed with a bi-level V2G market equilibrium model where the lower level model determines the equilibrium activity patterns as a result of upper level pricing and linear approximated AC flow distribution decisions. An algorithm is proposed for the model and illustrated on a simple telecommuting example where travelers can work from home and offer their vehicle charge capacity to the power provider. The model is then applied to the same case study from Lam and Yin (2001) to first replicate the lower level equilibrium problem as a special case when no V2G is present, and then to show the potential effects of the V2G policy to decrease locational marginal prices for a distribution network operator. The proposed algorithm for the V2G policy resulted in a substantial 20% increase in social welfare over the benchmark equilibrium without V2G. 相似文献
183.
184.
Leilei Zhao Yuewei Yu Fuxing Yang 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2016,54(5):667-688
For the complex structure and vibration characteristics of coupling driver-seat-cab system of trucks, there is no damping optimisation theory for its suspensions at present, which seriously restricts the improvement of vehicle ride comfort. Thus, in this paper, the seat suspension was regarded as ‘the fifth suspension’ of cab, the ‘Five-suspensions’ for this system was proposed. Based on this, using the mechanism modelling method, a 4 degree-of-freedom coupling driver-seat-cab system model was presented; then, by the tested cab suspensions excitation and seat acceleration response, its parameters identification mathematical model was established. Based on this, taking optimal ride comfort as target, its damping collaborative optimisation mathematical model was built. Combining the tested signals and a simulation model with the mathematical models of parameters identification and damping collaborative optimisation, a complete flow of hybrid modelling and damping collaborative optimisation of Five-suspensions was presented. With a practical example of seat and cab system, the damping parameters were optimised and validated by simulation and bench test. The results show that the model and method proposed are correct and reliable, providing a valuable reference for the design of seat suspension and cab suspensions. 相似文献
185.
Giulio Reina Mario Foglia 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2019,57(5):697-720
This paper presents a study on the dynamic modelling of a land-yacht, i.e. a ground vehicle that is propelled by wind energy through the use of a vertical airfoil. First, a non-linear dynamic model of the land-yacht motion is derived using a compact matrix notation. Then, an introduction to the study of the performance and handling characteristics is presented. It is considered the vehicle response to input commands, i.e. steering to follow the desired course and adjusting the sail angle according to environmental conditions, that is, wind intensity and direction. The model demonstrates the performance in terms of maximum longitudinal speed and the effects on handling behaviour of the major vehicle design and operational parameters, including location of the centre of gravity and centre of effort, and forward speed, and it leads to conclusions of practical significance concerning directional control and stability. 相似文献
186.
Christine Funfschilling Guillaume Perrin 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2019,57(7):1062-1086
ABSTRACTThis paper presents a review of various works that highlight the importance of introducing the variability of the road-track/vehicle system into dynamic simulations as soon as this latter is meant to be predictive. The first section of the paper presents the Uncertainty Quantification, Verification and Validation method (UQ-VV). This latter proposes tools to model uncertainties, to associate a confidence to the prediction of quantities of interest and to estimate the probability of occurrence of different scenarios. The method is illustrated by various examples mainly from the rail domain but also from the road sector. The second section summarises application examples of predictive modelling, robust optimisation and calibration. 相似文献
187.
分析工艺系统受力变形的有限元法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了工艺系统受力分析有限元方法,在分析了工艺系统的受力特点后,建立了有限元模型,并提出用等效刚度的虚拟结构作为机床结构模型。代替复杂的实际结构模型,给出实例证明了该方法能够满足要求。 相似文献
188.
《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2007,45(5):413-431
This paper considers the scope and the methodologies for enhancing active safety of road vehicles by sensing and control technologies. The first part of this paper introduces statistical data of traffic accidents in Japan, and describes the development of the drive recorder for accident/incident survey and analysis. Based on vehicle dynamics data, the algorithm of the drive recorder for capturing near-miss incident data is introduced. The second part of this paper reviews control problems of vehicle dynamics on micro-scale electric vehicles for enhancing vehicle dynamics and driving assistance function. In particular, the direct yaw moment control using in-wheel-motors and the active front steering control algorithm are described. The third part of the paper introduces the advanced driver assistance system adapted to driver characteristics and traffic situations. This part mainly describes an adaptive system, which adjusts the assisting manoeuvre depending on individual driver behaviour and situation, and some experimental investigations using the active interface vehicle and driving simulator. Finally, some perspectives and new challenges for future research on vehicle control technology are mentioned. 相似文献
189.
Traffic counts on network links constitute an information source on travel demand which is easy to collect, cheap and repeatable. Many models proposed in recent years deal with the use of traffic counts to estimate Origin/Destination (O/D) trip matrices under different assumptions on the type of \"a-priori\" information available on the demand (surveys, outdated estimates, models, etc.) and the type of network and assignment mapping (see Cascetta & Nguyen 1988). Less attention has been paid to the possibility of using traffic counts to estimate the parameters of demand models. In this case most of the proposed methods are relative to particular demand model structures (e.g. gravity-type) and the statistical analysis of estimator performance is not thoroughly carried out. In this paper a general statistical framework defining Maximum Likelihood, Non Linear Generalized Least Squares (NGLS) and Bayes estimators of aggregated demand model parameters combining counts-based information with other sources (sample or a priori estimates) is proposed first, thus extending and generalizing previous work by the authors (Cascetta & Russo 1992). Subsequently a solution algorithm of the projected-gradient type is proposed for the NGLS estimator given its convenient theoretical and computational properties. The algorithm is based on a combination of analytical/numerical derivates in order to make the estimator applicable to general demand models. Statistical performances of the proposed estimators are evaluated on a small test network through a Monte Carlo method by repeatedly sampling \"starting estimates\" of the (known) parameters of a generation/distribution/modal split/assignment system of models. Tests were carried out assuming different levels of \"quality\" of starting estimates and numbers of available counts. Finally NGLS estimator was applied to the calibration of the described model system on the network of a real medium-size Italian town using real counts with very satisfactory results in terms of both parameter values and counted flows reproduction. 相似文献
190.
并行工程在汽车车身开发上的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文分析了常规车身ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ技术所存在的弊病,提出了采用并行工程的原理进行车身设计,工装设计与制造的方法,重点论述了实施车身并行工程的一些要点,如建立集成化的产品数据模型,实施ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ／ＣＡＭ集成技术及建立多功能小组等。 相似文献