一种复合砼结构界面应力数值分析新方法

笔者借鉴断裂力学的概念和方法,利用叠加原理和有限元方法得到复合结构在开裂瞬间和发展过程中界面应力分布规律,避开了有限元程序难以模拟裂纹从萌生发展这一过程中,为界面应力分析提供了一种新方法.     

钢桥面铺装修复界面疲劳特性试验

为研究钢桥面沥青铺装坑槽病害修复界面的疲劳性能,定量评价病害修复界面的修复效果,采用改进的Overlay Tester试验方法进行钢桥面铺装材料疲劳断裂试验。选取完好的Overlay Tester试件、含有初始裂缝的Overlay Tester试件和切割后进行黏接的Overlay Tester试件3种状态,分别采用传统的评价标准（荷载降低93%）、特定周期数和荷载降低75%三个评价标准进行分析,试验过程中采用高清视频记录裂缝扩展过程。建立基于荷载-周期曲线的疲劳方程,分析了疲劳破坏特征及裂缝扩展过程,提出了裂缝扩展速率、疲劳断裂能和裂缝完全贯穿时的周期3个量化评价指标。研究结果表明：不同状态下Overlay Tester试件的荷载-周期均呈幂函数关系;修复界面疲劳断裂过程复杂,微观层面的集料形状对裂缝扩展的路径有显著影响;考虑疲劳过程的疲劳断裂能和裂缝完全贯穿时的周期2个指标修复效果小于表征单次加载断裂的裂缝扩展速率计算的修复效果,更符合实际工程应用效果。     

关于客车雨刷器执行机构失效问题的分析与解决

文章针对客车前挡风玻璃上的雨刷器各部件由于安装精度不够,造成雨刷器的执行机构失效,表现形式为烧保险、烧继电器、烧电机、烧电线等现象,造成车辆在下雨天不能正常使用,或根本不能使用,直接导致汽车客车晚点、停运、甚至引发交通事故,给运输企业、承包单位、乘客、社会带来较大的经济损失和社会问题,进行了分析与研究,并从汽车生产过程...     

胶州湾海底隧道注浆施工技术研究

胶州湾海底隧道海域段隧道轴线穿越两组断裂带、9条断层,断层及其影响带裂隙发育,地下水丰富且受海水补给。注浆技术的研究是为探讨快速注浆工艺,确保注浆质量。根据不同的围岩条件,文中采用不同的注浆方式,使围岩加固与防水效果明显改善,既提高了施工进度,又确保了工期和施工安全。     

Finite Element Optimization of Vee-ring Factor in Fine-blanking Process

The vee-ring is one of the most characteristic features of the fine-blanking process which is derived from the conventional blanking. With the vee-ring, a counter plate and some other working parameters, a component with a precise geometry and smoothly blanked surface can be produced without any major secondary operations. However, these working parameters are always empirically determined or determined by trial-and-error method, which is time-consuming and expensive. In this study, a numerical simulation method was used to analyze the effect of vee-ring factors on product quality, such as distance between vee-ring and punch, vee-ring height and blank holder force, so as to obtain as high clean cut ratio as possible. During the simulation, the model was assumed as axisymmetric one and the workpiece was considered as rigid plastic material, meanwhile the tools were defined as rigid bodies so as to shorten the computational time. A damage model taking into account the influence of hydrostatic stress was used to simulate material fracture in fine-blanking. The result obtained from the simulation indicated that with the help of vee-ring, the metal material near the shear band does not flow with the punch penetration and high compressive stress in the shear band is generated. Consequently, higher clean cut ratio can be obtained with a vee-ring model than the one obtained with a plane blank holder model. Furthermore, the longer the distance between vee-ring and punch is, the higher the height of roll-over becomes.     

柔性纤维混凝土(砂浆)断裂能试验研究

混凝土材料的断裂能是一个最为重要的混凝土非线性断裂力学参数,其大小标志着材料裂纹扩展的难易程度,对分析混凝土结构的性能有重要指导意义。通过几种柔性纤维混凝土（砂浆）试件的断裂能对比试验,研究不同纤维对混凝土（砂浆）试件断裂性能的影响,得出了一些有益的结论,为桥梁设计、施工和加固提供参考。     

超前全断面与半断面帷幕注浆效果分析

针对在建公路隧道穿越断层破碎带时安全的施工方法,采用数值模拟结合现场监控量测的方法,对比分析了未进行注浆加固、超前半断面帷幕注浆和全断面帷幕注浆3种工况下初期支护的受力变形特性,评价了不同工况下的注浆效果。分析结果表明:未进行注浆加固工况下的拱顶沉降、仰拱隆起和周边收敛分别是超前半断面及全断面帷幕注浆的2.41倍、1.18倍、11.08倍和2.87倍、3.69倍、14.72倍;超前全断面帷幕注浆工况下的初期支护最大拉应力、最大压应力为4.24 MPa和26.85 MPa,比未进行注浆加固和超前半断面帷幕注浆减少了271.93%、363.21%和15.83%、28.57%。沉降监测数据非线性回归分析结果表明超前半断面、全断面帷幕注浆两种工况下沉降均趋于收敛,表现出安全稳定态势。     

深海耐压舱室寿命估算

耐压舱室在深海中下潜一定深度和收回过程中,受到的水压可以简化为底周期循环应力。在该循环应力作用下,根据断裂力学理论和结构损伤-安全设计原理,以临界裂纹尺寸的设计方法结合具体工程应用案例计算设备寿命,得出在一定初始裂纹深度和长度下设备的理论使用次数。采用计算机程序实现迭代计算。此应用案例在疲劳的可靠性计算中具有一定的工程指导意义。     

舵装置的优化设计

为使"渤船"第五代苏伊士船型具有良好的操纵性能,提高市场竞争力,对船体设备舵装置设计方案和实际选型计算进行研究和讨论。对多个舵选型公式进行对比,在完成船型研发任务的同时形成一套合理的舵系设计流程:参考同类型先进船型信息,结合规范要求和水池方意见,确定舵装置设计参数。该设计流程可在较大程度上提高工作效率和质量,为快速研发新船型提供支持。     

Underactuated control and analysis of single blade installation using a jackup installation vessel and active tugger line force control

The assembly and installation costs account for a large share in the overall expenditures of an offshore wind farm project. Single blade installation is suitable for large scale wind turbines due to the lower crane capability requirement and lower transportation time. By introducing active tension control on the tugger lines, an automatic single blade installation approach can accomplish operations in higher sea states, reduce the waiting-on-weather time, and improve the operational efficiency. Compared to early research, a more complicated control objective is achieved in this paper, i.e., a two-tugger-line configuration is applied to stabilize the suspended blade in three degrees of freedom during crane rotation and blade root-hub mating processes. The pulleys on the crane boom, i.e., the ends of the tugger lines, are assumed to be fixedly placed, resulting in tugger line time-varying inclinations. A novel backstepping-like controller is designed and proved. It is able to stabilize the blade around its equilibrium and make it track the desired path. Sensitivity studies are conducted to evaluate the influence of the tugger line inclinations. In addition, the influence of the installed blades on a three-blade horizontal wind turbine with a monopile foundation is discussed. The proposed active control setup improves the installation success rate and reduces the risks for blade impacts that may occur during mating.