船首形状对船-冰碰撞性能的影响研究

基于冰的各向同性弹性断裂模型,分别以船首的初速度和冰的厚度为变量,采用LS-DYNA非线性有限元软件对不同船首形状与冰排碰撞问题展开数值模拟研究。研究结果表明,不同形状船首在相同工况下其破冰距离、受到的冰载荷以及能量变化有显著差异。前倾首、飞剪首的破冰能力比直立首、球鼻首强,随着船首初速度的增大、冰厚的增加,飞剪首的破冰能力逐步好于前倾首,球鼻首的破冰能力逐步好于直立首。本文研究对于航行于季节性冰区的船舶具有一定的指导意义。     

舰船舱内空爆数值仿真方法研究

利用 Ansys/LS-DYNA 动力分析软件模拟大型水面舰船在舱室内部爆炸情况下船体结构的加速度响应情况。炸药及空气采用欧拉网格,船体结构采用拉格朗日网格,计算采用多物质ALE算法。数值模拟中对爆炸环境进行简化,以附连水质量代替水线面下方水介质对船体结构的影响。将不同尺寸网格计算出的冲击波载荷曲线与经典经验公式对比,得到数值仿真的合理网格尺寸。采用简化模型讨论2种边界约束条件对各层平台加速度峰值响应的影响,得到较为合适的约束条件。计算得到沿船长方向船体结构加速度分布并与实验结果相比较,数值仿真计算得到的加速度峰值与实验数据较为吻合,表明仿真中对于空爆载荷及约束条件等冲击环境的模拟合理。     

空中爆炸载荷下PVC泡沫夹芯板动态响应分析

基于 Abaqus/Explicit,计算分析 PVC夹芯板在空爆载荷作用下的动态响应,考察夹芯板上面板厚度、芯层高度及炸药当量对其抗爆性能的影响,并从能量吸收的角度分析不同工况下 PVC夹芯板的吸能特性。数值结果表明夹芯板的动态响应对其结构配置比较敏感,增加上面板厚度及芯层高度可以明显减小下面板挠度,从而提高结构的抗爆性能。夹芯板的总体吸能量与上面板厚度密切相关,与芯层高度没有明显关联,减小上面板厚度可以提高结构的总体吸能量;在相同工况下,增加上面板厚度可以提高上面板吸能占比,增加芯层高度可以提高芯层吸能占比。在炸药当量较小时,夹芯板变形以上面板局部弯曲及芯层压缩为主;当炸药当量较大时,夹芯板变形以整体弯曲变形为主。研究结果对PVC夹芯板抗爆性能的优化设计具有一定的参考价值。     

联合载荷作用下撑杆结构极限强度研究

超大型浮体结构在复杂海洋环境下承受多轴载荷共同作用,使得刚度较弱的撑杆结构极易发生破坏,从而影响整个浮体的安全和可靠性。文章以超大型浮体撑杆结构为研究对象,基于模型相似理论,进行了压扭联合载荷作用下撑杆结构极限强度试验模型设计,并开展模型试验研究。通过数值仿真方法与试验结果的对比分析,验证了数值仿真方法的正确性,并据此开展实尺度撑杆结构在不同扭转载荷作用下的压缩极限强度数值仿真计算,给出了压扭联合载荷作用下撑杆结构极限承载能力计算简化公式,为撑杆结构设计提供支撑。     

螺旋桨-冰接触工况下载荷试验研究

船舶在冰区航行时,经常会发生碎冰在艏部下沉,并沿着船体滑入螺旋桨前的流场中,导致高速旋转的螺旋桨与冰发生切削作用,使得螺旋桨桨叶发生严重变形和损坏。为了进一步分析和研究螺旋桨-冰切削过程中的各种载荷,文中首先在拖曳水池中搭建了螺旋桨-冰切削试验平台,详细叙述了测量设备和模型冰推送装置。然后,通过重复性分析以及与其他学者的研究进行对比分析,验证了试验平台的可行性和可靠性。最后,对螺旋桨-冰在空气中以及在水中切削时受到的载荷情况进行了详细的分析。试验结果表明:螺旋桨-冰切削试验平台的搭建具有可行性,能够较好地测量螺旋桨-冰的切削载荷;模型冰移动的速度越快,螺旋桨受到的挤压载荷越大;螺旋桨-冰切削过程中接触载荷的详细描述对冰级螺旋桨的结构设计具有重要的工程意义和应用价值。     

破损船体剩余强度衡准研究

本文研究了船体破损非对称淹水和刚度损失引起的船体外载荷变化,并利用破损船体非对称弯曲极限强度计算方法详细分析碰撞、搁浅和爆炸破损对船体极限强度的影响.然后基于破损船体极值载荷和极限强度,给出破损船体剩余强度衡准,并对破损船体临界海况进行预报.     

Response of carbon fiber trapezoidal corrugated sandwich structure under air explosion loading北大核心CSCD

The effects of the thickness of the face plate, angle of the wall plate and height of the core layer on the anti-explosion performance of carbon fiber reinforced composite trapezoidal corrugated sandwich structures were investigated. [Methods]First, based on the 3D Hashin failure criterion, a subroutine module of the damage evolution of fiber reinforced composites is developed using the VUMAT user subroutine interface in ABAQUS. Second, through comparison with experiments in the public literature, the effectiveness of the dynamic response simulation method of carbon fiber reinforced composites based on a development subroutine under explosion impact loading is verified. Finally, a parametric study on the explosion resistance of carbon fiber reinforced composite trapezoidal corrugated plates is carried out based on the numerical method. [Results]The results show that, compared with increasing the thickness of the blast face panel, increasing the thickness of the back blast face panel can improve the explosion resistance of the sandwich plate more obviously; when the folding angle of the core wall plate decreases from 45° to 30°, the explosion resistance increases by 1.3%; when it decreases from 60° to 45°, the explosion resistance increases by 6.3%; and whenthecoreheightincreasesfrom8mmto20mm, theexplosionresistanceincreasesby27.7%.[Conclusions]The results of this study can provide references for the explosion-proof design of carbon fiber reinforced composite sandwich structures. © 2023 Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University. All rights reserved.     

Experimental investigation into the effects of air pockets on wave-in-deck loads of offshore structures

In this paper, air entrapment during slamming is an investigation subjected to an experimental method of inquiry, analysed alongside a theoretical approach obtained from previous attempts to address similar matters. The experiment consisted of assembling three different sizes and depths of artificially created pockets underneath the 1:75 deck model of a 76 m × 76 m prototype to encourage air entrapment and study how this entrapped air affects local and global loads. A parametric study is ultimately conducted on the geometry of the pocket, altering area and depth to observe the response to the pressure. Air entrapment effects were observed to reduce the magnitudes of impact pressure inside the pocket while slightly altering the force time histories in x and z-directions. Force magnitudes for global forces are significantly close to the smooth deck results. However, horizontal force data are slightly higher than their corresponding smooth deck due to additional surfaces inside the pocket. In addition, a parametric study of the depth and size of the pocket reveals that pocket depth is the dominant parameter that affects the impact pressure inside a pocket.     

Numerical investigation on the ultimate strength behaviour and assessment of continuous hull plate under combined biaxial cyclic loads and lateral pressure

The ultimate strength of continuous hull plate under combined biaxial cyclic loads and lateral pressure is investigated in the present paper by using nonlinear finite element method. Geometric nonlinearity due to large deflection and material nonlinearity induced by kinematic hardening and isotropic hardening are both accounted for. A parametric study is designed and completed to examine the longitudinal ultimate compressive strength behaviours in the cycles on the basis of a large number of load-shortening curves. Effects of series of parameters especially the plate slenderness ratio, transverse cyclic compression, lateral pressure and cycle number are analyzed with details. It is found that the strength characteristic and collapse mode are highly affected by the coupling influence of the mentioned factors as well material behaviours. A dimensionless unified formulation as a function of the decisive factors is empirically proposed to accurately assess the ultimate strength of continuous hull plate in various cycles.     

Accelerated second-order hydrodynamic load calculation on semi-submersible floaters

A rapid method for calculation of second-order hydrodynamic wave loads on semi-submersible platforms is developed and validated against radiation–diffraction theory. The method is based on slender-body theory and builds on modal truncation of the quadratic transfer function (QTF). The semi-submersible floater is split into individual members and the existing theory for vertical cylindrical columns is extended to include the heave force. Further expressions for the surge, heave and pitch load on the horizontal pontoons are derived and implemented. The accuracy of the method is assessed by comparison to radiation–diffraction results using the Pinkster approximation. We find that the slender-body approximation for the column surge force is most accurate for small values of the diameter-to-draft ratio. For the three sea states considered, this error is below 10% for diameter-to-draft ratios less than 0.2.Error analysis is provided for the column heave and pitch and the pontoon loads. For all members, application of 128 modes in the QTF approximation is found sufficient to accurately represent the full slender-body QTF solution.Next, the first- and second-order loads on the full floater under different sea state conditions are compared to radiation–diffraction theory. With 128 modes, the second-order loads are obtained 2500 times faster than with conventional approaches with error levels of 22% for surge, 10% for pitch and zero error for heave. The surge error is discussed and linked to the small draft of the columns. The numerical efficiency of the method allows the consideration of second-order loads in the first stages of the design and optimisation of semi-submersible floaters.