Passenger travel characteristics and bus operational states: a study based on IC card and GPS data in Yinchuan,China

ABSTRACT

In recent years, public transport has been developing rapidly and producing large amounts of traffic data. Emerging big data-mining techniques enable the application of these data in a variety of ways. This study uses bus intelligent card (IC card) data and global positioning system (GPS) data to estimate passenger boarding and alighting stations. First, an estimation model for boarding stations is introduced to determine passenger boarding stations. Then, the authors propose an innovative uplink and downlink information identification model (UDI) to generate information for estimating alighting stations. Subsequently, the estimation model for the alighting stations is introduced. In addition, a transfer station identification model is also developed to determine transfer stations. These models are applied to Yinchuan, China to analyze passenger flow characteristics and bus operations. The authors obtain passenger flows based on stations (stops), bus lines, and traffic analysis zones (TAZ) during weekdays and weekends. Moreover, average bus operational speeds are obtained. These findings can be used in bus network planning and optimization as well as bus operation scheduling.     

Coordination of last train transfers using automated fare collection (AFC) system data

This paper studies last train coordination problem for metro networks, aiming to maximize the total number of passengers who can reach their destinations by metro prior to the end of operation. The concept of last boarding time is defined as the latest time that passengers can board the last trains and reach final destinations. The corresponding method for calculating last boarding time is also put forward. With automatic fare collection system data, an optimization model for coordinating last trains is proposed. The objective function optimizes the number of passengers who can reach their final destinations during the train period using departure times and headways of last trains for each line as decision variables. Afterwards, an adaptive genetic algorithm is put forward to solve this model and is applied to a case study of the Shanghai metro system. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Dynamic change of aircraft seat condition for fast boarding

Aircraft boarding is a process mainly impacted by the boarding sequence, individual passenger behavior and the amount of hand luggage. Whereas these aspects are widely addressed in scientific research and considered in operational improvements, the influence of infrastructural changes is only focused upon in the context of future aircraft design. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the innovative approach of a Side-Slip Seat, which allows passengers to pass each other during boarding. The seat holds the potential to reduce the boarding time by approx. 20%, even considering operational constraints, such as passenger conformance to the proposed boarding strategy. A validated stochastic boarding model is extended to analyze the impact of the Side-Slip Seat. The implementation of such fundamental change inside the aircraft cabin demands for adapted boarding strategies, in order to cover all the benefits that accompany this new dynamic seating approach. To reasonably identify efficient strategies, an evolutionary algorithm is used to systematically optimize boarding sequences. As a result, the evolutionary algorithm depicts that operationally relevant boarding strategies implementing the Side-Slip Seat should differentiate between the left and the right side of the aisle, instead of the current operationally preferred boarding from the back to the front.     

舰船搭载系统的发展

为了优化海军兵力结构,实现一舰多用,提出舰船搭载系统的新概念,介绍国外搭载系统发展的状况,并设想我国舰船搭载系统的发展思路。     

轨道式登船梯主框架受力分析与计算

登船梯是旅客上下客滚船的重要设施。为保证旅客上下客滚船安全,对轨道式登船梯主框架受力进行分析与计算。通过计算与分析,力求安全与经济效益达到最佳结合点。     

基于 BRT 站台乘车诱导的公交车辆载客均衡模型

针对公交站台乘客乘车诱导的问题,以公交线路载客均衡为目的,建立了乘客 乘车诱导模型,实现了最佳乘客乘车诱导方案的编程求解.本文通过建立单条 BRT 线路 车辆载客模型,组合形成了整个区段的 BRT 线路车辆载客模型,建立了一种面向载客均 衡的 BRT 站台乘客乘车诱导模型.理论与算例分析表明,该模型可以生成最佳的乘客乘 车诱导方案,能够实现 BRT 区间线路的载客率均衡,将填补当前公交站台乘客乘车诱导 研究领域的空缺,具有广阔的应用前景与重要的现实意义.     

基于公交站点上下客人数反推OD矩阵的概率论模型研究

基于站点上下客人数,采用简单概率分布模型,可提出反推公交站点间的OD分布矩阵的具体方法。实例表明,在采用此类方法进行反推计算时,应按照土地利用性质对站点进行合并计算,这样方可提高推算的精度。     

油码头登船机安全技术问题浅析

油码头登船机结构简单,造价低廉。5万吨以上的大型泊位,使用登船机上下船安全可靠,但该设施存在着一些安全问题。以5个方面分析了码头登船机存在的安全问题,指出:要以设计阶段就关注安全问题,确保港口安全。     

城市轨道交通乘客上下车行为与停站时间研究

乘客的上下车时间是城市轨道交通列车停站时间的重要组成部分,而列车停站时间关系到轨道交通系统的运行效率。以上海轨道交通1号线彭浦新村站、2号线南京东路站为背景,结合实地数据采集,分析不同客流特征下的乘客上下车行为;通过多元线性回归模型指出了乘客上下车混行对上下车时间的影响。通过定量指标的计算,对列车停站时间的组成进行分析,指出了运营管理中应关注无效停站时间在列车停站时间中过长的问题,提出在保证乘客有足够的时间完成上下车的前提下,尽量缩短列车的无效停站时间,从而提高城市轨道交通运行效率的建议。     

基于时间匹配度的城市轨道交通乘客乘车方案辨识研究

城市轨道交通乘客乘车方案是指乘客在出行过程中先后登乘的列车以及相应的乘降车站按照时间顺序排列的集合。在乘客旅行时间划分和基于“二阶段法”的乘客可行乘车方案搜索研究的基础上,提出利用AFC数据和列车时刻表进行乘客乘车方案辨识的方法。首先定义旅行时间匹配度,并在构建随机时间分布的基础上提出随机时间匹配度,在此基础上建立乘车方案的时间匹配度指标;然后利用时间匹配度,提出基于列车容量限制的乘客乘车方案的辨识方法;最后介绍该方法在某市轨道交通系统中的应用。提出的辨识方法利用大量轨道交通数据,对城市轨道交通的运营具有一定的价值和意义。