推进科技创新 提升航海保障能力

文中介绍了天津海事局近年来航标科技创新的主要成就和工作经验，探讨了航标科研可持续发展所需的机制建设、环境营造、人才培养及资金投入等工作的开展方向，对科技创新推动航标事业发展及创新管理理念的重要意义进行了阐述。     

论具有中国特色社会主义道路的源流

具有中国特色社会主义道路在十一届三中全会时开始具备雏形，但这条道路的历史源头可以追溯到建国初期。以毛泽东为代表的党的第一代领导集体，开始对中国社会主义道路进行了艰辛的探索，在新的历史条件下，理清中国特色社会主义道路产生和发展的历史脉胳，对于我们真正坚持马克思列宁主义，毛泽东思想，高举邓小平理论的旗帜，仍具有一定的现实意义。     

公路美学与行车安全的关系探析

如今在高等级公路的设计技术中，越来越多地渗透着安全和美学的理念。在公路设计初期，除了考虑行车安全，也应充分考虑审美需求，尽量做到功能与美感的完美统一，这对公路美化和行车安全能够起到重要的作用。     

张石高速公路尾矿渣处理研究

张石高速公路涞源-曲阳段,沿线选矿厂排出的尾矿粉池及大面积采矿弃渣造成路基承载力低,地质条件不稳定等状况。对于尾矿渣处理可采用部分换填、全部换填或全部利用等处理方式。经过方案比较,确定全部利用尾矿渣,即进行翻挖后采用掺加水泥和土壤固化剂等进行改性后回填。     

240／275系列机车柴油机传动机构中间齿轮装配破损故障的技术对策

根据沈阳铁路局近年240／275系列机车柴油机传动机构中间齿轮装配破损的数据统计，分析了故障发生的原因，提出了解决问题的技术措施。     

On finite sample performance of confidence intervals methods for willingness to pay measures

This paper systematically compares finite sample performances of methods to build confidence intervals for willingness to pay measures in a choice modeling context. It contributes to the field by also considering methods developed in other research fields. Various scenarios are evaluated under an extensive Monte Carlo study. Results show that the commonly used Delta method, producing symmetric intervals around the point estimate, often fails to account for skewness in the estimated willingness to pay distribution. Both the Fieller method and the likelihood ratio test inversion method produce more realistic confidence intervals for small samples. Some bootstrap methods also perform reasonably well, in terms of effective coverage. Finally, empirical data are used to illustrate an application of the methods considered.     

Finding a balance: companies,seafarers and family life

Separation from partner and family has been found to be one of the most significant causes of stress for seafarers, with separation from the family one of the most important ‘stress’ factors influencing a decision to reduce planned sea service. Drawing on in-depth interviews with seafarers' partners in the UK, China and India, this paper focuses on the impact of seafaring on family life, with particular attention given to the effects of differing conditions of service and the range of company support available to seafarers and their partners. The paper concludes that the negative consequences of seafaring can be minimized by such policies as shorter trips, continuous employment (rather than employment by voyage) and opportunities for partners and families to sail. Whilst these measures may have financial costs, these can be off-set by improved retention of seafarers and the avoidance of stress-related illnesses. Indeed, at a time when there is a projected shortfall of well-trained seafarers, such steps may be sound company policy     

基于预期偏移距离的人机权值分配策略研究

针对智能车辆横向运动控制中驾驶员和辅助系统的控制权限冲突问题,本文中提出一种人机权值分配策略。采用车辆在预瞄点处的预期偏移距离(PDLC)衡量车道偏离危险度,预期偏移距离通过对预瞄偏差修正获取。权值分配函数设计时以PDLC为自变量,以保证驾驶员的权值为优先控制目标,以一定的横向运动控制精度为先决条件。在CarSim/Simulink联合仿真平台和CarSim/Labview RT硬件在环实验台上对提出的控制策略进行了实验验证和数据分析。结果表明,采用权值分配策略协调驾驶员和辅助系统的控制,可在有效跟踪理想道路中心线的前提下保证驾驶员的控制权值,降低其工作负荷以及纠正驾驶员的误操作行为。     

Consumers’ willingness to pay for alternative fuel vehicles: A comparative discrete choice analysis between the US and Japan

This paper conducts a comparative discrete choice analysis to estimate consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) on the basis of the same stated preference survey carried out in the US and Japan in 2012. We also carry out a comparative analysis across four US states. We find that on average US consumers are more sensitive to fuel cost reductions and alternative fuel station availability than are Japanese consumers. With regard to the comparative analysis across the four US states, consumers’ WTP for a fuel cost reduction in California is considerably greater than in the other three states. We use the estimates obtained in the discrete choice analysis to examine the EV/PHEV market shares under several scenarios. In a base case scenario with relatively realistic attribute levels, conventional gasoline vehicles still dominate both in the US and Japan. However, in an innovation scenario with a significant purchase price reduction, we observe a high penetration of alternative fuel vehicles both in the US and Japan. We illustrate the potential use of a discrete choice analysis for forward-looking policy analysis, with the future opportunity to compare its predictions against actual revealed choices. In this case, increased purchase price subsidies are likely to have a significant impact on the market shares of alternative fuel vehicles.