Island Villagers’ Willingness to Work or Pay for Sustainability of a Marine Fishery Reserve: Case of San Miguel Island,Philippines

Establishment of marine reserves or marine protected areas (MPAs) has emerged as a major coastal resource management tool in the Philippines. A major sustainability constraint is the enforcement of MPA and fisheries regulations. We contribute to the literature of using stated preference methods to investigate the local residents’ willingness to work (WTW) and willingness to pay (WTP) for the continued existence of the San Miguel Island (SMI) fishery reserve in Bicol Region, Philippines. We surveyed 435 respondents in three villages. The lower-bound mean WTW is 3.5 days/mo for residents in the “owner” village and 1.9 days/mo for residents in adjacent villages. Using a fraction of mean daily income to impute the monetary equivalent of WTW, the result is more than 3 times higher than the Php16 to 25/mo (US$0.34 to 0.75/mo) estimated mean WTP. We hypothesize that labor market in this rural village is incomplete so residents have stronger preference for money than for time. However, further investigation on the opportunity cost of time and understanding the labor market is warranted when using WTW in a valuation framework. Some policy implications are: (1) considering use of voluntary labor as management option for MPAs and (2) establishing “own village” MPAs may increase residents’ conservation value.     

邻近营业线隧道小净距控制爆破施工技术

重庆枢纽北左、北右联络线隧道与既有蔡东联络线双碑隧道水平最小净距只有7 m,设计采用控制爆破施工,要求既有隧道爆破振速不大于5 cm/s,施工难度极大。为减少施工对既有隧道的影响,通过试爆获得振动衰减规律,验证开挖方式的可行性,利用试爆结果,完善了最终的爆破方案,并在正式施工中得到了成功应用,保证了重庆枢纽联络线隧道开挖工程的安全高效完成。     

MMAS in Belize

This article is part of a special issue that provides insight into global conservation science by analyzing a 5-year, $12.5 million global marine conservation science and policy program. In this article, we summarize the development of the program in Belize, which concentrated its effort in the southern portion of the country. The marine managed areas that developed in Belize took a variety of different forms, and involved a number of different government and private sector agencies and organizations.     

MMAS in Eastern Tropical Pacific Seascape

This article is part of a special issue that provides insight into global conservation science by analyzing a 5-year, $12.5 million global marine conservation science and policy program. In this article, we summarize the development of the program in Coiba Island in the Gulf of Chiriquí Panama, and the Galapagos islands of Ecuador, both part of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Seascape. In Panama, the history of Coiba island as a federal penal colony shaped the process and outcome of the program. In the Galapagos, the unique science history of the islands and subsequent international recognition influenced the outcomes of regional marine managed areas.     

库卡机器人回原点故障排除

随着科学技术发展和我国企业经济实力壮大,国内许多企业因产品质量和成本控制需要,机器人在工业生产中应用越来越多,机器人操作、维修技术知识学习交流日益显得重要,现以工作中几个故障问题排除方法和思路与同行探讨交流,共同提高此类设备使用维修技术。     

北京地铁14号线高家园站-望京站区间单洞双线盾构临近穿越群桩的响应与防护

为减小盾构隧道施工对邻近群桩基础的影响,对10 m内径盾构穿越的机场快轨群桩响应进行数值模拟,分析盾构法隧道施工引起的群桩变形及内力变化情况。结果表明,开挖后桩身发生弯曲变形,桩身内力发生明显变化,前桩具有隔断作用,隧道施工对群桩中后桩的影响较小。群桩邻近盾构时采用复合锚杆桩作为隔断桩,复合锚杆桩加固桩侧土体的同时,可采用多排组合形成较大隔离刚度,套管施工可有效控制施工期间的环境影响。     

道路通行权的范畴及行使方法

道路通行权是人的基本权利,对此新型权利存在着界定的必要性。速度优先与行人优先、合理性差别与歧视性待遇、平等观与强弱观等范畴是道路通行权设置时必须斟酌的内容。行使道路通行权须满足相应的条件,行使条件的设置须符合宪法的要求、行政法基本原则及道路通行的目的。道路通行权的行使中应当明确享有绝对通行权的区域、减少相对通行权的区域、鼓励公共交通主体的优先通行、控制占用权的行使几率等。     

上边坡生态防护技术——湿式客土喷播

高速公路上边坡生态防护技术日新月异。就客土喷播而言,有干式客土喷播、液压式客土喷播、湿式客土喷播等等,各种客土喷播形式各具特色,各有所长。在这里主要论述湿式客土喷播的使用、工艺原理、施工工艺、工程试验情况及优缺点。     

钢筋混凝土偏压构件抗力的时变规律

现有钢筋混凝土构件的抗力时变模型,多是关于仅受弯的梁式构件,对偏压构件的考虑较少.针对此不足,首先分析了影响偏压构件抗力的各因素的时变模型.在此基础上,计算了不同参数情形下偏压构件抗力退化的若干数值特征,得出钢筋锈蚀后偏心距较大时抗力均值的下降程度会大一些,同时整个服役期内偏压构件的破坏模式可能会发生改变的结论.最后采...     

基于CAN总线带故障检测接口的车身控制系统设计

介绍基于CAN总线带故障检测接口的车身控制系统的设计与实现方案,详述系统的结构,CAN转RS-232接口卡与CAN节点硬件电路及其软件设计,该系统实现了车身网络化控制、高效数据传输与协同工作。经试验证明,控制系统运行稳定,性能可靠,达到设计要求。