基于集值统计的船舶舱室火灾危险性评估

针对火灾危险性指标中的不确定性,利用区间数来表征指标的模糊隶属度;同时,为了减少专家评估的主观性对评估结果的影响,引入了专家权威度,并运用集值统计理论对多个专家的评估意见进行合成。在此基础上提出了一种船舶舱室火灾危险性评估的新方法,并引用算例进行验证。算例表明该方法比较客观、合理。     

预制模块化舱室单元的技术特点及应用

介绍预制模块化舱室单元的由来、组成、安装顺序及实际工程的使用案例,深入分析预制模块化舱室单元的优缺点并展望未来几年推广预制模块化舱室单元的前景。     

Characteristics of particulate matter (PM) concentrations influenced by piston wind and train door opening in the Shanghai subway system

More than 9 million passengers take Shanghai’s subway system every work day. The system’s air quality has caused widespread concern because of the potential harm to passengers’ health. We measured the particulate matter (PM) concentrations at three kinds of typical underground platform (side-type, island-type, and stacked-type platforms) and inside the trains in Shanghai’s metro during 7 days of measurements in April and July 2015. Our results demonstrated that the patterns of air quality variation and PM concentrations were similar at the side-type and island-type platforms. We also found that the PM concentrations were higher on the platforms than inside the train and that the PM concentrations in the subway system were positively correlated with those in the ambient air. Piston wind generated by vehicle motion pushes air from the tunnel to the platform, so platform PM concentrations increase when trains approach the platform. However, the piston wind effect varies greatly between locations on the platform. In general, the effect of the piston wind is weaker at the middle of the platform than at both ends. PM concentrations inside the train increase after the doors open, during which time dirty platform air floods into the compartments. PM_1.0 and PM_2.5 were significantly correlated both inside the train and on the platforms. PM_1.0 accounted for 71.9% of PM_2.5 inside the train, which is higher than the corresponding platform values. Based on these results, we propose some practical suggestions to minimize air pollution damage to passengers and staff from the subway system.     

地铁列车客室门远程诊断系统的应用

客室门是地铁列车上使用非常频繁的设备,也是故障率较高的部件。客室门远程诊断系统的开发和应用,可以实现实时监测门系统电机、门控器以及锁闭结构的工作情况和工作参数;并通过智能故障分析手段,预测车门系统故障;在车门系统未进入故障时提前检修和排除亚健康问题,降低门系统的故障率,提升门系统的可靠性。     

惯容器对船舶舱室低频隔振效果的影响研究

本文首先介绍了一种并联式ISD被动隔振系统并建立了该系统的理论公式,发现隔振对象的振幅取决于激励的振幅、频率比、系统的阻尼比以及惯质比。为了研究惯容器对船舶舱室低频隔振的影响,选用了挖泥船监控舱室作为研究对象,研究结果表明,惯容器能够降低共振频率,抑制共振峰,惯质系数越大,系统阻尼比越小,效果越明显。在使用惯容器后,监控舱室的低频隔振效果得到明显的提升,8.5Hz处的加速度共振峰下降了75%,本文的研究成果为惯容器在船海领域的应用提供了参考。     

上海地铁车辆客室车门故障原因及整改措施

简要介绍了上海地铁现有列车的内藏门、塞拉门和外挂门的结构和原理,针对三种客室车门故障的主要原因,对其系统地实施了相应的整改措施,有效地提高了车门的可靠度,降低了车门故障率。     

富康轿车车门水密封故障模式及故障改进

富康轿车车门和防水帘的国产化使其密封问题更加突出，介绍了富康轿车车门水密封原理和各种故障模式；并针对其进水原因，采取了相应的改进措施，成功地控制了车门的进水，降低了其故障率。     

地铁屏蔽门安装施工中的接口问题

总结了广州市轨道交通3号线首通段、4号线大学城专线段屏蔽门系统工程安装过程中出现的各类接口问题,分析和探讨了屏蔽门门体安装及系统调试过程中有可能出现的各种接口问题的解决方法.     

对开式艏门的结构优化改装设计

对开式艏门作为某型船的关键设备在波浪载荷下容易损坏。文章阐述了采用模型试验、理论计算、规范计算、实船试验等方法研究艏门波浪载荷,进行艏门有限元建模计算,从而找到薄弱环节并进行优化改装设计的方法。     

国外核潜艇舱室空气组分特性研究综述

核潜艇舱室空气组分特性是直接影响艇员健康和制约战斗力的关键因素之一。为改善舱室空气品质,美国等核潜艇大国开展了广泛深入的组分特性研究,并取得一系列成果。本文以美国核潜艇舱室空气组分特性研究为例,综述分析了其核潜艇舱室空气组分特性研究历程,并分别从常量组分、微量组分和气溶胶等3个方面归纳总结其空气组分特性。分析表明,通过合理设计和控制,密闭人工环境中可以实现良好的空气品质,该研究成果对我国开展潜艇等密闭人工环境空气品质研究具有一定的借鉴意义。