Hub location with flow economies of scale

A characteristic feature of hub and spoke networks is the bundling of flows on the interhub links. This agglomeration of flows leads to reduced travel costs across the interhub links. Current models of hub location do not adequately model the scale economies of flow that accrue due to the agglomeration of flows. This paper shows that current hub location models, by assuming flow-independent costs, not only miscalculate total network cost, but may also erroneously select optimal hub locations and allocations. The model presented in this paper more explicitly models the scale economies that are generated on the interhub links and in doing so provides a more reliable model representation of the reality of hub and spoke networks.     

浅析大型铁路客运站交通规划理念

以重庆北站北场交通规划为例,分析和判断了铁路客流对象、车站客流组织、旅客立体换乘、车站功能布局和车站管理模式5个方面的发展趋势;提出了现代铁路客运站在综合交通枢纽、站前集散广场、机动车进出通道、交通设施布局、客流组织方面的规划设计理念.     

The design of bus route systems — An interactive location-allocation approach

An interactive modelling approach is developed to solve the practical problem of bus route network design. Possible bus routes are identified with facilities which can be located. Zones or pairs of zones in the urban area are identified with customers who will be allocated to the established facilities. It is shown that the classical Set Covering Problem is useful under the assumption of fixed demand; the Simple Plant Location Problem is effective under the assumption of demand which is sensitive to the level of bus service provided.     

大型铁路客运枢纽换乘服务研究

站在运输服务设计的角度,以增强旅客换乘出行体验为目的,提出“人、行李分离”的换乘服务理念,并基于该服务理念设计铁路客运枢纽内同站和异站换乘的方案。异站换乘方案设计时,提出铁路专用车的概念,打造一种全新的换乘模式,满足旅客换乘出行的多元化需求,吸引旅客主动换乘。最后,从心理和生理舒适性两个角度对换乘服务理念进行评价,结果表明“人、行李分离”服务创造了旅客换乘出行附加价值,提高了旅客的换乘出行体验感。     

基于改进TOPSIS的城市客运综合交通枢纽评价

城市客运综合交通枢纽规划方案的优劣对城市综合交通系统的建设发展具有重大影响。为了提高城市客运综合交通枢纽规划方案评价的客观性和准确性,结合城市客运综合交通枢纽客流衔接换乘的系统分析,从多维角度出发构建了城市客运综合交通枢纽规划方案评价的多层次指标体系,在遵循方案评价基本原理及城市客运综合交通枢纽特点的基础上,提出了基于改进逼近理想点排序法的评价方法,用于城市客运综合交通枢纽方案的评价,建立城市客运综合交通枢纽综合评价模型。     

Reliable sensor deployment for network traffic surveillance

New sensor technologies enable synthesis of disaggregated vehicle information from multiple locations. This paper proposes a reliable facility location model to optimize traffic surveillance benefit from synthesized sensor pairs (e.g., for travel time estimation) in addition to individual sensor flow coverage (e.g., for traffic volume statistics), while considering probabilistic sensor failures. Customized greedy and Lagrangian relaxation algorithms are proposed to solve this problem, and their performance is discussed. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithms solve the problem efficiently. We also discuss managerial insights on how optimal sensor deployment and surveillance benefits vary with surveillance objective and system parameters (such as sensor failure probabilities).     

回波检测法振激测点距离的回波信号影响分析探究

本研究以有缺陷预埋的隧道曲面砌衬管片作为目标结构试件,以室内实验分析的方式,对隧道砌衬激振回波检测中的振激部位和测点距离,给激振回波信号带来的影响课题开展专题分析探究,以为同类激振回波检测法工程应用提供研究和技术参考,助力实现有效适用的隧道砌衬激振回波检测。     

Optimizing the locations of electric taxi charging stations: A spatial–temporal demand coverage approach

Vehicle electrification is a promising approach towards attaining green transportation. However, the absence of charging stations limits the penetration of electric vehicles. Current approaches for optimizing the locations of charging stations suffer from challenges associated with spatial–temporal dynamic travel demands and the lengthy period required for the charging process. The present article uses the electric taxi (ET) as an example to develop a spatial–temporal demand coverage approach for optimizing the placement of ET charging stations in the space–time context. To this end, public taxi demands with spatial and temporal attributes are extracted from massive taxi GPS data. The cyclical interactions between taxi demands, ETs, and charging stations are modeled with a spatial–temporal path tool. A location model is developed to maximize the level of ET service on the road network and the level of charging service at the stations under spatial and temporal constraints such as the ET range, the charging time, and the capacity of charging stations. The reduced carbon emission generated by used ETs with located charging stations is also evaluated. An experiment conducted in Shenzhen, China demonstrates that the proposed approach not only exhibits good performance in determining ET charging station locations by considering temporal attributes, but also achieves a high quality trade-off between the levels of ET service and charging service. The proposed approach and obtained results help the decision-making of urban ET charging station siting.     

基于角度变化率的机动目标单站无源定位

机动目标无源定位和跟踪技术在航空、制导等领域都有着非常广泛的应用,一直是人们的研究热点。文章运用了运动学原理,在传统测角定位技术基础上加以改进,增加了角度变化率信息,并采用IMM算法,实现了单站无源机动目标跟踪。计算机仿真验证了该方法的正确性与有效性。     

成都市域快线穿越中心城区的线站位研究

随着经济的高速发展,城市化、区域化的进程加快,中心城区与周边地区的联系越来越密切,在这种发展形势下,介于城市地铁和干线铁路之间的市域轨道交通系统的出现可以很好地解决市域范围内中、长距离的出行需求。其服务半径大、运行速度快、服务水平高等特点,可加强中心城区各区域以及与外围组团间的快速联系。以成都市轨道交通13号线市域快线为例,在分析其线路特点、客流特点和速度目标特点的基础上,针对站间距和平面线形两个影响中心城区速度目标的因素,通过加减站分析、平面线形优化分析以及越行站分析,对穿越中心城区的市域快线线站位进行研究,总结穿越中心城区的市域快线线站位研究过程中应力求考虑的层面,确保方案合理可行。