对高速公路收费站自动发卡机器人应用的思考

取消省界收费站以来,使用ETC通行车辆占比逐渐提升,但仍有部分车辆采用取CPC卡的方式通行。为了减轻现场人员工作强度、提升服务质效、降低企业运营成本,越来越多的高速公路收费站开始应用自动发卡机器人。通过综述现有自动发卡机器人应用现状,对比不同自动发卡机器人的优势与劣势,分析自动发卡机器人现存挑战,提出优化建议,为高速公路收费运营提供参考。     

Vehicle routing problem and driver behaviour: a review and framework for analysis

Vehicle routing problems (VRPs) whose typical objective is to minimise total travel costs over a tour have evolved over the years with objectives ranging from minimising travel times and distances to minimising pollution and fuel consumption. However, driver behaviour continues to be neglected while planning for vehicle routes. Factors such as traffic congestion levels, monotonous drives and fatigue have an impact on the behaviour of drivers, which in turn might affect their speed-choice and route-choice behaviours. The behaviour of drivers and their subsequent decision-making owing to these factors impact the revenue of transport companies and could lead to huge losses in extreme cases. There have been studies on the behaviour of drivers in isolation, without inclusion of the objectives and constraints of the traditional routing problem. This paper presents a review of existing models of VRP, planner behaviour models in the VRP context and driver behaviour models and provides a motivation to integrate these models in a stochastic traffic environment to produce practical, economic and driver-friendly logistics solutions. The paper provides valuable insights on the relevance of behavioural issues in logistics and highlights the modelling implications of incorporating planner and driver behaviour in the framework of routing problems.     

Recognizing metro-bus transfers from smart card data

Transfer points between metro and bus services remain an elusive, yet critical junction for transportation practitioners. Based on massive Smart Card (SC) data, previous studies apply a one-size-fits-all criterion to discriminate between transfers. However, this is not sufficiently convincing for different transfer pairs. To counter this problem, this study applies an association rules algorithm and cluster analysis to recognize metro-to-bus transfers using SC data, and demonstrates transfer recognition in a case study based on SC data collected during a week in Nanjing, China. It is shown that 85% of the transfer-recognition results are quite stable through the whole week, and the median transfer time between metro and bus is below 20?min. The method proposed in this study can be used to identify the busiest transfer points and to obtain average transfer times, which facilitates a smarter and more efficient public transit network.     

平衡积分卡的理论与实践

通过对平衡积分卡的理论介绍,提出了在实践中应用平衡积分卡应注意的几个问题,从而得出这种方法应该在我国企业绩效管理中得到更加广泛应用的结论。     

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为改进传统的驾驶员差错事故分析方法,探索机动车驾驶员差错事故致因分析的新途径. 本文基于道路交通事故案例与调研数据资料,从微观角度分析机动车驾驶员自身差错事故,建立了驾驶员自身差错交通事故致因模型;运用改进的层次分析法确定了导致驾驶员自身差错事故发生的主要影响因素权重,减少了主观因素对分析精度的影响. 结果表明,在机动车驾驶员自身差错交通事故中,驾驶员感知差错率占50.2％,判断决策差错率占38.9％,操作差错率仅占10.9％. 机动车驾驶员感知和判断能力较差是导致交通事故发生的重要因素. 研究结果可为机动车驾驶员事故预防与控制提供科学依据.     

城市轨道交通电动列车司机值乘方案的优化

以上海轨道交通3号线为例,对电动列车司机值乘的包乘制、轮乘制按实际效果和使用成本进行了优缺点分析;并在此基础上对司机作息安排、人员配置、运作管理情况综合进行优化,以期达到网络运营后节约人力成本的作用.     

基于多信息融合的驾驶员图像面部定位

面部区域位置的快速准确定位是利用视觉方法对驾驶员的驾驶状态进行监测和预警的基础.采用AdaBoost算法对人脸图像的Haar-Like特征进行统计学习,生成用于人脸检测的强分类器.利用AdaBoost检测器快速检测到图像中可能存在的肤色区域,在检测到的区域内利用YCrCb颜色空间中的肤色模型进行人脸位置的精确定位.实验结果表明,该算法具有很好的可靠性和实时性.     

广西高速公路储值卡应用的安全性探讨

文章根据智能卡的安全性特点,结合广西目前的实施方案,提出应注意的问题与可应用的技术细节,以供实施中借鉴。     

公交IC卡数据处理的换乘矩阵构造方法研究

针对在城市公交换乘枢纽选址中换乘量调查所面临的困难,利用了公交IC卡的大量信息,并对其进行处理,得出城市公交线路间的换乘量,进而得到城市公交换乘矩阵,并结合长春市公交换乘枢纽规划实例,将该方法应用到城市公交换乘枢纽选址中去.