碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁疲劳性能试验研究

通过对粘贴碳纤维布钢筋混凝土梁的疲劳试验研究,表明粘贴碳纤维布可以较大提高钢筋混凝土梁的疲劳性能,延长钢筋混凝土结构的使用寿命,为碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土结构的长期疲劳性能研究提供了试验依据。     

活性炭氧化改性及氯化氰消除的应用研究

本文选用硝酸为氧化剂对活性炭进行了处理,考察了硝酸浓度和处理时间对活性炭表面化学性质的影响,通过傅立叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射仪对改性活性炭进行了表征,考察了以改性活性炭为载体制备炭催化剂对氯化氰的消除性能。结果表明,硝酸浓度和处理时间是影响活性炭表面化学性质的重要因素,低浓度硝酸氧化改性提高了活性炭的表面亲水性而对活性炭的结构没有明显影响,制备的炭催化剂对氯化氰防护时间明显增长。当硝酸浓度为8%,处理时间5h～8h消除氯化氰效果最好。     

Examining transport futures with scenario analysis and MCA

Climate change is a global problem and across the world the transport sector is finding it difficult to break projected increases in carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions; there are very few contexts where deep reductions in transport CO₂ emissions are being made. A number of research studies are now examining the potential for future lower CO₂ emissions in the transport sector. This paper develops this work to consider some of the wider sustainability impacts (economic, social and local environmental) as well as the lower CO₂ transport impacts of different policy trajectories. Hence the central argument made is for an integrated approach to transport policy making over the longer term - incorporating scenario analysis and multi-criteria assessment (MCA) - to help assess likely progress against a range of objectives.The analysis is based on work carried out in Oxfordshire, UK. Different packages of measures are selected and two scenarios developed which satisfy lower CO₂ aspirations, one of which also provides wider positive sustainability impacts. A simulation model has been produced to help explore the strategic policy choices and tensions evident for decision-makers involved in local transport planning. The paper argues for a ‘strategic conversation’ (Van der Heijden, 1996) at the sub-regional and city level, based upon future scenario analysis and MCA, discussing the priorities for intervention. Such an approach will help us examine the scale of change and trade-offs required in moving towards sustainable transport futures.     

Evaluating economic and environmental value of liner vessel sharing along the maritime silk road

The Belt and Road initiative is a novel exploration of China towards strategic collaboration with Eurasia countries to an extent of a larger scale with higher and deeper level of cooperation. To meet the growing global demand of transportation, increasing numbers of liner shipping companies collaborate and form alliances to share vessel capacity and reduce capital costs. Effective liner shipping vessel sharing is essential for the Belt and Road initiative in terms of building efficient maritime transport networks. In promoting environmental development, shipping companies are required to attain higher environmental standards. However, limited literature relates vessel sharing to environmental performance. This paper studies the impacts of liner vessel sharing from the economic and environmental perspectives. Two container allocation models are developed for the two scenarios: with and without vessel sharing. The carbon emissions in transportation are calculated under both scenarios. Numerical studies are carried out using services along the China-Indochina Peninsula Economic (CIPE) Corridor. Liner shipping companies could benefit from vessel sharing in terms of significant profit improvement. Vessel sharing could also benefit the environment by reducing the CO₂ emissions dramatically.     

基于冷换设备的防护涂层制备工艺

为了提高碳钢冷换设备的耐蚀性能,保证设备长周期安全运行,以普碳钢为基体,采用热浴法制备了一种耐腐蚀涂层,并给出了制备冷换设备用耐腐蚀涂层的工艺方法.采用电子探针测试了涂层的成分并分析了涂层的表面形貌.结果表明:涂层表面形貌均匀,具有很好的耐蚀性.X射线衍射实验测试进一步指出,处理后的涂层为典型的非晶态结构,具有良好的耐蚀性,能够满足碳钢冷换设备表面防腐工况的要求.该工艺方法经济可行,为冷换设备的耐腐蚀提供了一种可行的方法.     

双向碳纤维网格在上海堤防维修加固工程中的应用

堤防结构定期维修加固是预防安全隐患,确保堤防设施安全运行的重要手段。结合双向碳纤维网格在上海堤防设施维修加固工程的首次应用实例,介绍了碳纤维网格加固方法,分析了碳纤维网格加固系统在堤防维修加固工程中的适用性和先进性,探究了碳纤维网格受弯加固原理,推导了受弯承载力计算公式并验证了公式的正确性,为类似堤防维修加固工程提供参考和借鉴。     

OGFC 生产过程碳排放计算和碳减排技术研究

针对降低道路沥青混凝土路面设计、生产、施工、管养过程的碳排放问题,开展对排水性沥青面层OGFC沥青混合料包括原材料准备、原材料运输到生产基地、混合料生产拌和阶段在内的生产过程碳排放计算方法进行研究。将排水性沥青面层OGFC沥青混合料的生产过程划分为材料准备和混合料生产拌和两个阶段,根据混合料的配合比设计、材料准备方案、生产工艺等,按排放因子法计算系统边界内各阶段的碳排放,分析各分项碳排放占比,提出合适的碳减排措施。以上海市浦东新区高等级道路金海路改建工程为例,对研究提出的碳排放计算方法和碳减排技术进行实际应用分析,结果显示碳减排效果比较显著。     

CFRP板侧面加固混凝土梁受弯性能的试验研究

采用在混凝土构件侧面粘贴碳纤维板这种新形式对受弯构件加固,研究该构件的受力性能。试验研究共设计9根适筋梁。试验重点研究加固梁的极限荷载、变形和碳纤维板粘贴形式对加固效果的影响。试验结果表明,使用碳纤维板侧面加固混凝土梁的破坏形态比较复杂,影响因素较多,变形仍然符合平截面假定;采用该加固方式可以显著提高梁的承载力,同时梁的刚度也较大幅度提高,仍保持良好的延性;加固梁的承载力和刚度随碳纤维板用量的增加而增大,但两者也不呈比例,碳纤维板的用量有一个限值。该结果可为实际工程应用,特别是当构件底面有障碍物无法加固底面时提供参考。     

碳纤维布与钢板复合加固钢筋混凝土梁抗弯性能试验研究

对碳纤维布与钢板复合加固的钢筋混凝土梁的抗弯性能进行试验研究,探讨了混凝土强度、纵筋配筋率、碳纤维布用量、钢板用量、锚固方式等对复合加固的钢筋混凝土梁的破坏机理、受力性能的影响。试验结果表明:碳纤维与钢板复合加固钢筋混凝土梁能有效地提高截面承载力,约束裂缝的发展,提高刚度;加载点及端部采用的U型钢板箍较好地防止了梁中剥离破坏的发生。同单种材料加固梁相比,复合加固梁的抗弯性能有较好的改善。     

碳纤维布加固混凝土箱形墩柱温度自应力研究

考虑到碳纤维布(CFRP)与混凝土的热胀系数不同,该文建立了CFRP加同任意形状横截面混凝土构件因日照辐射或骤然降温引起的温度自约束变形求解方程,进而推导了CFRP加固混凝土箱形墩柱在均匀、线性和指数变化温度梯度下的温度自应力解析式。文章中与未加固混凝土箱形墩柱温度自应力解析式进行了对比分析,CFRP加固箱形墩柱即使在均匀和线性变化温度梯度下也会产生温度自应力,在指数变化温度梯度下CFRP中产生可观的温度自应力。所推导的自约束变形求解方程和温度自应力解析式既适用于CFRP加固混凝土构件也适用于未加同混凝土构件。采用ANSYS有限元软件对温度自应力进行仿真分析,与该文公式计算结果对照,说明文中推导的CFRP加固混凝土箱形墩柱温度自应力解析式具有足够的精度。