粘贴碳纤维加固技术在承唐高速丰南AB匝道桥加固工程中的应用

粘贴碳纤维是一种新型的加固技术,已经得到较为广泛的应用,并已产生较大的经济效益。碳纤维以其优异的力学性能以及良好的化学稳定性,必将在今后的桥梁加固中发挥更大的作用。     

中国车用燃料WTW分析及电动车发展模式思考

针对中国正在使用的和潜在的车用燃料,应用＂油井到车轮＂方法,计算并比较了各种燃料的能量效率与CO2排放量.计算结果表明,工业副产氢经提纯后用于燃料电池车的能量效率最高、CO2排放量最少;蓄电池电动车在能效、排放及产业化3方面深具竞争性.还就蓄电池电动车的应用推广,在能源互联网的框架下,提出了＂以可再生能源电网终端（如：太阳能发电厂、风能发电厂和水力发电厂等）为中心就近发展电动车＂的观点.     

碳纤维水泥基复合材料加固节理岩体试验（双语出版）

为了研究碳纤维水泥基复合材料对节理岩体的加固效果、加固机理及最优碳纤维掺量值,在超细水泥、粉煤灰、矿粉、硅灰等修复材料中,考虑0、0.25%、0.50%、0.75%、1.00%这5种不同的碳纤维掺量,对加固前、后节理岩样分别进行了直剪试验。研究结果表明：加固前、后节理岩样的剪切力-剪切位移曲线变化特征明显,由无峰值强度曲线转变为有峰值强度曲线,并出现明显的应变软化阶段和残余强度阶段;碳纤维掺量（质量分数）从0增加到1.00%时,节理岩样的峰值抗剪强度、残余抗剪强度在5种法向应力下分别提高13.0%~54.1%和0.61%~44.7%,剪切刚度增大32.4%~216.8%,黏聚力和摩擦角分别增大127.3%~266.5%和4.3%~20.4%;当碳纤维掺量为0.75%左右时,节理岩样加固后抗剪性能的综合增强效果最为明显;结合节理面形貌特征和加固后剪切破坏面特征分析发现,水泥浆复合材料对节理面具有较好的充填作用和胶结作用;在水泥基材中掺入碳纤维时,一方面类似于“加筋”材料,可在纯水泥浆的基础上进一步提高浆体的强度和整体性,限制节理面剪切过程中微裂纹的开展,另一方面碳纤维对受剪浆体提供了较好的“锚固”作用,进一步增加浆体与节理面的粘结性能,使得浆体本身、浆体与节理面之间胶结面的抗剪性能明显增强,从而显著提升加固后节理岩体的综合抗剪性能。     

低碳背景下的多式联运路径规划

低碳运输一直是世界各国关注的焦点,多式联运作为一种主要的运输组织形式,国内外的文献中却少有关于多式联运碳排放研究的文章.本文提出了运输总成本最小和运输碳排放总量最小的多目标0-1规划模型,构建运输总成本时不仅考虑了运输弧段上的运输成本、运输节点的换装成本、铁路车站及水运码头的存储成本还考虑了运输弧段与代理商的匹配关系.运输碳排放量则由运输过程碳排放和换装过程的碳排放构成.采用改进的带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)对模型进行求解,算法能有效保存优秀个体和降低计算的复杂度.最后通过算例验证了模型和算法有效性.     

Present-day biosiliceous sedimentation in the northwestern Ross Sea, Antarctica

Sedimentological and oceanographic inferences have been obtained for the NW Ross Sea using sedimentary ²¹⁰Pb as a tracer together with determinations of biogenic silica and organic carbon. ²¹⁰Pb chronologies give apparent accumulation rates ranging between 14 and 80 mg cm⁻² yr⁻¹ (0.02–0.12 cm yr⁻¹) in the shelf basins. Even if a profile of ²¹⁰Pb is present in sediments from the top of the banks, here sediment accumulation rate is practically null, and physical mixing is responsible for the downward transport of fine particles and associated ²¹⁰Pb. The accuracy of ²¹⁰Pb-derived accumulation rates is discussed with respect to ¹⁴C dates. The annual rate of biogenic accumulation from ²¹⁰Pb appears to be ca. 8 times higher than the value derived using radiocarbon. Bioturbation is probably responsible for the discrepancy but also temporal and spatial variations in opal accumulation play a key-role. Contrasting measured and expected inventories of ²¹⁰Pb, a residence time of about 50 years has been tentatively estimated for the water in the NW Ross Sea. Furthermore, the data suggest that the pattern of present-day biosiliceous sediment accumulation in the Ross Sea is mainly driven by biogenic silica production in the water column, the SW area being the most productive part of the Ross Sea, by high sediment accumulation rate which enhances the seabed preservation, and by hydrodynamics, which is so effective to resuspend fine biogenic particles from the topographic highs. Resuspended particles are then deposited onto the flanks. The material which accumulates in the central part of the basins derives basically from primary production and settling through the water column.     

Carbon flux in ice–ocean–plankton systems of the Bellingshausen Sea during a period of ice retreat

Most analyses of marine microbial systems in the seasonally ice covered areas of the Southern Ocean have been based on data from the major embayment areas of the Ross and Weddell Seas. In this study data were collected at stations covering a range of regimes from full ice cover through to open water in the Bellingshausen Sea. A major feature of the production system was a rapid retreat of the ice-edge, which uncoupled the marginal ice zone from a phytoplankton bloom which remained associated with a frontal system. This bloom was maintained, and probably initiated, in an unusual environment generated by the interaction between the marginal ice zone and the front. Size-based analyses of the microbial system were derived for ice-covered, recently ice-covered and open water sites. Estimates of standing stocks and key rate processes were combined to produce a single food web network for each station. The under-ice system was one of low production and low recycling but apparently high retention. As the ice retreated the microbial systems to the north began to develop, but these were constrained by grazing pressure. The bloom in the area appeared to be sustained even though estimated losses were far higher than production, although the high sedimentation losses expected were not observed. The carbon flow networks are discussed in relation to the environmental changes and the interaction of the marginal ice zone and the frontal system appears crucial to the phytoplankton. Microzooplankton grazing is implicated as a major controlling factor. The local microbial dynamics are strongly influenced by material which was produced at an earlier time and somewhere else in the Southern Ocean.     

粘贴碳纤维加固混凝土工程施工技术

本文以天津滨海新区海防路上的临港立交桥加固改造为例 ,较详细地阐述了使用纤维加固混凝土工程的施工组织、施工工艺以及质量验收等 ,是混凝土结构补强技术的最新发展     

CFRP缆索体系悬索桥的优势及可行性研究

在与钢缆索悬索桥比较的基础上,讨论CFRP缆索体系悬索桥的优势及其可行性,提出可能遇到的技术问题和可供参考的解决方案,并指出今后需加强研究的内容。     

碳纤维材料在桥梁加固中的应用

介绍了桥梁中常用的加固技术并进行了对比分析,分析了碳纤维增强塑料的特性以及碳纤维加固设计原理和方法,重点阐述了碳纤维加固的施工工艺,通过工程实例对碳纤维加固效果进行验证,并指出碳纤维材料为未来桥梁加固的发展方向。     

1 000 m级CFRP索斜拉桥静力特性分析

通过具体算例采用有限元法分析CFRP索斜拉桥的各非线性因素的影响量,并与钢索斜拉桥进行对比。鉴于CFRP的线膨胀系数远小于钢材或混凝土的线膨胀系数,计算了4种不同结构体系的CFRP索斜拉桥和钢索斜拉桥在温度荷载下的静力反应,计算结果表明CFRP索斜拉桥相对于钢索斜拉桥在静力方面具有较多优势。