海岸工程的允许越浪量

对于防护海岸陆地的护岸和海堤等,通常并不要求其顶高程在高潮大浪时完全不越浪,而是要求将其越浪量控制在一定的允许范围（允许越浪量）内。为此设计时要计算各式建筑物在不同波浪作用下的越浪量,还要制定允许越浪量的标准。根据国内外对海岸工程的两种允许越浪量的研究,综述已有允许越浪量的主要研究成果,可供工程设计参考。     

活性炭氧化改性及氯化氰消除的应用研究

本文选用硝酸为氧化剂对活性炭进行了处理,考察了硝酸浓度和处理时间对活性炭表面化学性质的影响,通过傅立叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射仪对改性活性炭进行了表征,考察了以改性活性炭为载体制备炭催化剂对氯化氰的消除性能。结果表明,硝酸浓度和处理时间是影响活性炭表面化学性质的重要因素,低浓度硝酸氧化改性提高了活性炭的表面亲水性而对活性炭的结构没有明显影响,制备的炭催化剂对氯化氰防护时间明显增长。当硝酸浓度为8%,处理时间5h～8h消除氯化氰效果最好。     

Examining transport futures with scenario analysis and MCA

Climate change is a global problem and across the world the transport sector is finding it difficult to break projected increases in carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions; there are very few contexts where deep reductions in transport CO₂ emissions are being made. A number of research studies are now examining the potential for future lower CO₂ emissions in the transport sector. This paper develops this work to consider some of the wider sustainability impacts (economic, social and local environmental) as well as the lower CO₂ transport impacts of different policy trajectories. Hence the central argument made is for an integrated approach to transport policy making over the longer term - incorporating scenario analysis and multi-criteria assessment (MCA) - to help assess likely progress against a range of objectives.The analysis is based on work carried out in Oxfordshire, UK. Different packages of measures are selected and two scenarios developed which satisfy lower CO₂ aspirations, one of which also provides wider positive sustainability impacts. A simulation model has been produced to help explore the strategic policy choices and tensions evident for decision-makers involved in local transport planning. The paper argues for a ‘strategic conversation’ (Van der Heijden, 1996) at the sub-regional and city level, based upon future scenario analysis and MCA, discussing the priorities for intervention. Such an approach will help us examine the scale of change and trade-offs required in moving towards sustainable transport futures.     

Evaluating economic and environmental value of liner vessel sharing along the maritime silk road

The Belt and Road initiative is a novel exploration of China towards strategic collaboration with Eurasia countries to an extent of a larger scale with higher and deeper level of cooperation. To meet the growing global demand of transportation, increasing numbers of liner shipping companies collaborate and form alliances to share vessel capacity and reduce capital costs. Effective liner shipping vessel sharing is essential for the Belt and Road initiative in terms of building efficient maritime transport networks. In promoting environmental development, shipping companies are required to attain higher environmental standards. However, limited literature relates vessel sharing to environmental performance. This paper studies the impacts of liner vessel sharing from the economic and environmental perspectives. Two container allocation models are developed for the two scenarios: with and without vessel sharing. The carbon emissions in transportation are calculated under both scenarios. Numerical studies are carried out using services along the China-Indochina Peninsula Economic (CIPE) Corridor. Liner shipping companies could benefit from vessel sharing in terms of significant profit improvement. Vessel sharing could also benefit the environment by reducing the CO₂ emissions dramatically.     

Hybrid- and battery-electric vehicles offer low-cost climate benefits in China

Car ownership in China is expected to grow dramatically in the coming decades. If growing personal vehicle demand is met with conventional cars, the increase in greenhouse gas emissions will be substantial. One way to mitigate carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from passenger travel is to meet growing demand for cars with alternative vehicles such as hybrid- and battery-electric vehicles (HEVs and BEVs). Our study examines the cost-effectiveness of transitioning from conventional cars to HEVs and BEVs, by calculating their marginal abatement cost (MAC) of carbon in the long-run. We find that transitioning from conventional to hybrid and battery electric light-duty, four-wheel vehicles can achieve carbon emissions reductions at a negative cost (i.e. at a net benefit) in China. In 2030, the average MAC is estimated to be about −$140/ton CO₂ for HEVs and −$515/ton CO₂-saved for BEVs, varying by key parameters. The total mitigation potential of each vehicle technology is estimated to be 1.38 million tons for HEVs and 0.75 million tons for BEVs.     

基于冷换设备的防护涂层制备工艺

为了提高碳钢冷换设备的耐蚀性能,保证设备长周期安全运行,以普碳钢为基体,采用热浴法制备了一种耐腐蚀涂层,并给出了制备冷换设备用耐腐蚀涂层的工艺方法.采用电子探针测试了涂层的成分并分析了涂层的表面形貌.结果表明:涂层表面形貌均匀,具有很好的耐蚀性.X射线衍射实验测试进一步指出,处理后的涂层为典型的非晶态结构,具有良好的耐蚀性,能够满足碳钢冷换设备表面防腐工况的要求.该工艺方法经济可行,为冷换设备的耐腐蚀提供了一种可行的方法.     

瓯江河口挟沙力公式研究

借鉴两种河口区常见的公式形式,考虑到挟沙力主要与水流流速u,水深h,泥沙沉降速度ω,以及重力加速度g有关.进而运用峰值法、半潮平均及全潮平均法处理瓯江口1999年以及2005年水文实测资料,并用不同方法对资料进行处理后,分别作出垂线平均含沙量S随v2/(gh)和v3/(ghw)的变化图,进行相关分析,得出在全潮平均时S与v2/(gh)的相关系数最好.最后用matlab进行回归分析,得到相关系数较好的瓯江河口挟沙力公式.     

双向碳纤维网格在上海堤防维修加固工程中的应用

堤防结构定期维修加固是预防安全隐患,确保堤防设施安全运行的重要手段。结合双向碳纤维网格在上海堤防设施维修加固工程的首次应用实例,介绍了碳纤维网格加固方法,分析了碳纤维网格加固系统在堤防维修加固工程中的适用性和先进性,探究了碳纤维网格受弯加固原理,推导了受弯承载力计算公式并验证了公式的正确性,为类似堤防维修加固工程提供参考和借鉴。     

OGFC 生产过程碳排放计算和碳减排技术研究

针对降低道路沥青混凝土路面设计、生产、施工、管养过程的碳排放问题,开展对排水性沥青面层OGFC沥青混合料包括原材料准备、原材料运输到生产基地、混合料生产拌和阶段在内的生产过程碳排放计算方法进行研究。将排水性沥青面层OGFC沥青混合料的生产过程划分为材料准备和混合料生产拌和两个阶段,根据混合料的配合比设计、材料准备方案、生产工艺等,按排放因子法计算系统边界内各阶段的碳排放,分析各分项碳排放占比,提出合适的碳减排措施。以上海市浦东新区高等级道路金海路改建工程为例,对研究提出的碳排放计算方法和碳减排技术进行实际应用分析,结果显示碳减排效果比较显著。     

许营桥加固维修技术探讨

结合聊城市省道710线许营桥(K28+835)的加固维修工程,详细介绍了粘贴碳纤维布技术在旧桥加固中的应用以及利用丙乳修补混凝土表面缺陷的施工经验。