采用微气泡缩减高速船拖曳阻力(英文)

Ship hull form of the underwater area strongly influences the resistance of the ship.The major factor in ship resistance is skin friction resistance.Bulbous bows,polymer paint,water repellent paint(highly water-repellent wall),air injection,and specific roughness have been used by researchers as an attempt to obtain the resistance reduction and operation efficiency of ships.Micro-bubble injection is a promising technique for lowering frictional resistance.The injected air bubbles are supposed to somehow modify the energy inside the turbulent boundary layer and thereby lower the skin friction.The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of injected micro bubbles on a navy fast patrol boat(FPB) 57 m type model with the following main dimensions:L=2 450 mm,B=400 mm,and T=190 mm.The influence of the location of micro bubble injection and bubble velocity was also investigated.The ship model was pulled by an electric motor whose speed could be varied and adjusted.The ship model resistance was precisely measured by a load cell transducer.Comparison of ship resistance with and without micro-bubble injection was shown on a graph as a function of the drag coefficient and Froude number.It was shown that micro bubble injection behind the mid-ship is the best location to achieve the most effective drag reduction,and the drag reduction caused by the micro-bubbles can reach 6%-9%.     

基于TPA的管路振动贡献量分析

针对工程实际中管路振动贡献量难以定量分析的问题,引入传递路径分析法(TPA)。通过测量各路径的频率响应函数、各安装点和评估点的响应以及估算激励力,进行传递路径分析,进而得到设备与管路各自的贡献量。通过用某型海水泵进行实验,验证了该方法的准确性。实验结果表明,在40～200 Hz频段内,采用该方法得到的响应计算值与测量值误差小于3 dB,满足工程实际要求。     

舰船高传递损失复合托板振动特性优化设计

基于结构动力学优化设计理论,研究了潜艇典型舱段双层圆柱壳舷间高传递损失复合托板结构。通过初步优化,得到隔振效果最优的刚性阻振质量块的最优截面尺寸和布设位置,并将最优参数的刚性阻振质量块等效为相同截面惯性矩的球扁钢。在满足舱段总重量及危险截面结构强度的约束条件下,以舱段非耐压壳体全频域内的平均振动加速度级为目标函数,对高传递损失复合托板的开孔半径和托板角度进行动力学优化设计,得到最优振动特性的复合托板形式。由优化结果得到,在中、高频段内,高传递损失复合托板有明显的降噪作用,舱段非耐压壳体全频域内的平均振动加速度级降低了1.66 dB。     

基于非饱和土有限元强度折减法的降雨入渗条件下高边坡施工稳定性分析

根据质量守恒定律推导了非饱和土渗流分析控制方程,采用全隐式向后差分格式求解此类有限元问题;将非饱和土有限元强度折减法应用于某高边坡工程的施工稳定性分析,得到了该边坡在各施工阶段下受到降雨入渗作用影响后的稳定安全系数及其失稳滑动面,并通过与不考虑降雨作用时的情况进行对比得出有益的结论;最后,针对该边坡的施工稳定性分析结果提出了加固建议。     

碳纤维加固技术在港口码头改造工程中的应用

目前混凝土结构的碳纤维加固技术主要用于陆上土木工程的结构物修复,由于港口码头的水工结构物均处于潮湿、水位变动频繁、氯离子含量较高的环境下,在原有港口工程案例中主要应用该技术加固混凝土结构的次要构件.本工程首次将碳纤维加固技术应用在码头结构物主要受力构件的加固中并取得成功,可为码头水工建筑物的加固修复提供参考.     

基于ABAQUS的内河航道岸坡稳定性分析

通过采用ABAQUS有限元软件进行数值模拟,主要研究了考虑稳定渗流和波浪力作用下内河航道岸坡的稳定性。根据广西壮族自治区右江上游那吉库区岸坡整治工程数值模拟研究项目的要求,分别对岸坡在稳定渗流、波浪力和两者共同作用下的情况建立了数值模型,分析不同工况下岸坡的稳定性;并采用强度折减法求得安全系数,将结果与基于传统极限平衡理论的Morgenstern-Price法进行对比,来验证其可靠性。     

直流电机噪声分析及降噪的工艺措施直流电机噪声分析及降噪的工艺措施

分析了直流电机产生噪声的主要原因。通过检测分析并采取相应的设计及工艺措施,达到降低直流电机噪声的目的。     

郑州黄河顶管工程注浆减阻技术的应用

为了解决长距离大口径顶管在富水流砂卵石地层环境下的掘进顶力过大问题,以西气东输黄河顶管工程为例对注浆减阻进行研究。主要从注浆设备选取、润滑泥浆配比、注浆压力控制和注浆量控制等方面控制好浆液,确保注浆减阻效果,降低钢管与周围砂层的摩擦阻力,从而降低推进顶力,顺利达到长距离掘进的施工目标。     

地铁明挖车站有关配筋问题的探讨

探讨明挖地铁车站配筋计算的一些问题。提出了在地铁车站配筋设计时应考虑消峰、轴力、腋角、分布筋等设计理念。这些设计理念并非很高深,但若能在地铁设计中得以贯彻,对提高设计质量,降低工程投资却很有益处。     

Tradable emission permit system for urban motorists: The neo-classical standard model revisited

This article deals with the feasibility of a tradable emission permit system (TEPs) for urban motorists. The objective is to develop a new microeconomic theoretical model to reduce urban pollution. We suppose that the city's regulating authority sets up a tradable emission permit system based on the number of kilometres covered by private cars. By the use of a Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES) function, we determine the equilibrium under an environmental constraint and analyse the effects of a TEPs on social welfare. The aim is to find the optimal quantity of permits leading to the desired environmental objective. The analytical and numerical results of the model show the instrument's feasibility and efficiency. An important variable in the model must be taken into account: the knowledge of environmental damage. This variable will clearly influence the tool's success.