基于固定式门式起重机的重大件码头装卸工艺

归纳常见重大件陆-水中转装卸工艺方案,在已有桥墩式工艺方案基础上,提出固定式门式起重机工艺方案,并详细介绍配置的固定式门式起重机关键技术。将固定式门式起重机工艺方案应用于某重大件码头工程实践中,取得了明显的社会和经济效益。     

470 t大件通过珞璜电厂桥方案的设计与实践

重庆珞璜电厂三期工程需运输自重397t、车货总重470t的50万kW发电机组的变压器通过2座简支T形梁桥，原桥能力远远不能满足大件通过的需要。通常情况超过桥梁设计荷载标准的重载车过桥是采用对桥梁进行加固的方法，而对超过承载力数倍的简支T形梁桥不仅加固难度大，且既费钱又费时。提出了一种利用原桥墩、台架设临时铜便桥与原桥组合受力共同承担大件通过的运输方案。通过结构设计计算和470t大件通过珞璜2座桥梁的实践，证明该方法是解决重点建设工程大型设备运输的不仅省钱、省时，而且安全可靠的好方法，为今后大件运输提供了一条新途经：     

散货船装载仪软件的设计和实现

论述装载仪软件的设计原理及关键技术，如插值、空船重量及可变重量分布的计算、浮力计算及货物重量计算的原理及方法。以Windows为操作系统，采用VB．net和SQL Server开发出散货船装载计算软件，可进行船舶稳性和船舶总纵强度的计算与校核，可通过实测首尾吃水，计算船舶纵倾下实际排水量及装货量。     

货运行业中运价倒挂成因及防治措施

运输成本高于运输市场价格的现象存在于各类货运企业中,造成企业入不敷出。在这种情况下,为了追求更高的利润,各种超载超限等违法运输开始出现,严重影响了我国的货运环境,破坏了社会的和谐发展。鉴于此,对引起运输价格倒挂的原因作了全面分析,并介绍了其对我国社会发展的影响,提出了改变这种现象的方法。     

FPSO外输软管安装方法分析

基于企鹅浮式生产储卸油装置(Floating Production Storage and Offloading, FPSO)项目,对比不同安装方法的优缺点,采用盘卷安装法完成外输软管安装。采用盘卷安装法进行FPSO外输软管安装在国内鲜有实例,详细描述该方法的施工顺序和要点,可为其他类似项目的外输软管安装提供参考。     

普通杂货船安全状况研究

为揭示普通杂货船安全事故的主要原因及规律,对近年来国际海事组织关于普通杂货船安全问题的提案进行了比较研究,同时也对欧盟海事局、国内相关的普通杂货船事故统计结果进行了分析比较。研究发现目前普通杂货船全损事故数占各类船舶全损事故总数的40%左右;1992年2月1日之前建造的多数普通杂货船不满足破损稳性要求;沉没、碰撞、火灾及搁浅是导致普通杂货船事故的主要原因;装卸超长、超重货物与普通杂货船沉没具有关联性。根据揭示的普通杂货船事故发生的主要原因和规律,针对海事主管机构、船级社和船公司提出了预防普通杂货船事故发生的管理措施。     

移动式造雪车在港口粉尘防治中的应用

简要分析了散货装卸港粉尘防治主要措施利弊及人工造雪技术在港口粉尘防治中的应用优势,对移动式造雪车构造、工作原理及实际应用进行了简要介绍。     

无船承运人民事法律地位的认定

结合《国际海运条例》和《海商法》的规定,分析无船承运人与货主托运人之间的法律关系,指出其与国际船舶运输经营者间的法律关系存在的困惑,并提出解决的基本思路。     

Optimal shipment decisions for an airfreight forwarder: Formulation and solution methods

We study the freight forwarder’s shipment planning problem in an airfreight forwarding network where a set of cargo shipments have to be transported to given destinations. We provide mixed integer programming formulations that use piecewise-linear cargo rates and account for volume and weight constraints, flight departure/arrival times, as well as shipment-ready times.After exploring the solution of such models using CPLEX, we devise two solution methodologies to handle large problem sizes. The first is based on Lagrangian relaxation, where the problems decompose into a set of knapsack problems and a set of network flow problems. The second is a local branching heuristic that combines branching ideas and local search. The two approaches show promising results in providing good quality heuristic solutions within reasonable computational times, for difficult and large shipment consolidation problems.     

Assessment of carbon emission costs for air cargo transportation

This study presents a set of models that calculate carbon emissions in individual phases of flight during air cargo transportation, investigates resultant carbon footprints by aircraft type and flight route, and estimates increases in transportation costs for airlines due to carbon taxes imposed by the EU ETS. The estimated results provide useful references for airlines in aircraft assignment on different routes and in aircraft selection for new purchases. Validation of the model is conducted by simulating the potential impact of the implementation of the EU ETS on costs of air cargo transportation for six routes and six types of aircraft. Results show that the impact may be subject to various factors including unit carbon emissions per aircraft, aviation emission allowances per airline, and carbon trading prices; and that increases in costs of air cargo transportation range from 0% to 5.27% per aircraft per route. Therefore, the implementation of the EU ETS may encourage airlines to cut down their operating costs by reducing their carbon emissions, thereby ameliorating greenhouse gas pollution caused by air cargo transportation.