环形交叉口交织区通行能力的一个新理论模型

为了对环形交叉口采取有效的控制与管理措施,必须提高环形交叉口通行能力计算方法的准确性。以排队论为基础,假设环道上无超车行为,环行车辆的车头时距服从泊松分布,车辆换道时间服从独立同分布,推导出了普遍适用的环形交叉口通行能力理论计算模型。通过仿真模拟验证了该模型的准确性,能更好的适应环形交叉口的规划设计以及我国实际交通状况。     

多模式区域公交协调调度模型和算法

考虑公交内部及公交和地铁、长途客运之间的换乘衔接问题,满足最小和最大发车间隔等现实约束因素,建立了一类多目标多模式公交协调时刻表模型,在某时段内分别追求非换乘和换乘出行者在所有站点的等车时间最少和所有车辆到达站点时的泊位数最多.利用约束法将该问题转化为单目标规划问题.根据模型特征,设计求解该问题的改进细菌觅食优化算法,定义解的编码方案,设计产生初始种群的启发式算法,将梯度概念引入移动步长进而改进细菌觅食操作.最后,结合一个简单算例,比较单模式和多模式区域公交协调调度之间的差异,分析了站点通行能力对调度结果的影响,并将该算法与其他智能算法进行了比较分析,从而验证了模型和算法的正确性和有效性.     

风化泥质板岩路堤工程性状的模型试验研究

介绍了泥质板岩全风化及强风化料作为高速公路、高速铁路路堤的室内模型试验研究,采用不同的颗粒级配、不同的含水量,通过施加不同的竖向荷载作用于模型路堤,获取了路堤面板的沉降以及堤内应力、应变、土压力值和变形性状以及模型路堤的极限承载力等,试验结果表明模型路堤内的应力、应变和沉降位移随堤面竖向荷载、含水量和颗粒粒径不同而变化。它将对软岩风化料填筑高速铁路路堤设计、施工与质量控制起到一定的借鉴作用。     

三次指数平滑法在港口吞吐量预测中的应用研究

以某港口近15年的货物吞吐量作为原始数据,建立三次指数平滑法预测模型,利用VB语言编写计算机程序,运行求出最佳平滑系数,输入预测年份得到相应的吞吐量预测结果。     

东亚港口集装箱运输发展前景

东亚地区正在建设或规划建设大量的集装箱码头,这是否适应本地区未来港口集装箱运输发展形势值得关注.介绍英国海运咨询有限公司的相关研究成果.     

厚层地下冰地段桥梁钻孔灌注桩基础试验研究综述

综合近 3 0年来国内工程冻土学界对多年冻土地区 ,尤其是青藏高原多年冻土区桥梁桩基研究的成果 ,评述冻土区桥梁灌注桩工作原理及承载力计算方法。结合现场桩基回冻过程地温场变化测试数据 ,对桩基承载力的影响因素、施工工艺提出建议。     

加筋地基极限承载力的极限平衡分析

从分析加筋地基的破坏模式:在加筋垫层底部形成剪切契体的密加筋地基破坏模式和在加筋垫层顶部形成剪切楔体的疏加筋地基破坏模式入手,采用极限平衡分析方法,分析了加筋地基的极限承载力。     

A dynamic CSTT model for the effects of added nutrients in Loch Creran, a shallow fjord

Despite a tendency for the complexity of physical–biological models to increase, simple coupled models remain useful for some applications and can provide insights into crucial links between physical and biological processes. This argument is illustrated with an account of a simple 3-box model intended to help assess the capacity of fjords to assimilate nutrients from fish farms. The model, a dynamic version of the UK “Comprehensive Studies Task Team” (CSTT) steady-state model for eutrophication, was applied to Loch Creran (Scottish Western Highlands) and was implemented using Stella 8 and tested using historical data from 1975 (before the installation of a salmon farm) and field data collected in 2003, during the period of operation of the farm. The model's biological state variables are chlorophyll, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), and it includes a simple run-off model to convert rainfall into river discharge. The physical processes involved in exchange between the loch and the adjacent waters of the Firth of Lorne were parameterised as a constant daily exchange rate.Between 1975 and 2003, local inputs of nutrient increased but, despite this, there was little apparent increase in nutrient concentrations in the loch, and observed chlorophyll concentrations decreased substantially. Model simulations of chlorophyll and DIN agreed well with observations in 1975, as did DIN simulations in 2003. However, simulated chlorophyll was overestimated in 2003.Some of the agreement between observations and simulations come from the use of observed boundary conditions to force the model. However, even when boundary conditions are subtracted from simulations and observations, the simulations in most cases retain a significant correlation with observations, demonstrating that the model's ‘interior’ processes do add to its ability to replicate conditions in the loch.     

重载铁路扩能研究

结合我国铁路的运输现状分析,货运列车需要提高牵引质量,重点对重载扩能方案、主要技术设备的研究,探索性地提出了开行重载单元煤运列车为主的双线电气化铁路的主要技术措施,并从运输组织与管理、桥梁等方面提出了相关建议。     

三峡水库蓄水后坝上下游航道条件变化分析

分析三峡水库蓄水后进出库水沙特性;库尾、葛洲坝下游河道、永久船闸引航道、两坝间河道冲淤特点;变动回水区回水末端范围、葛洲坝下游宜昌、沙市枯水水位变化;库区航道条件和葛洲坝下游河段航道尺度变化。