U.S. import/export container flow modeling and disruption analysis

International containerized freight movement is a vital part of the supply chain for many companies, and a critical element of moving consumer goods to points of retail sale within the U.S. Containerized imports also present a clear security concern (e.g., terrorists attempting to ship “dirty bombs,” chemical, biological or even nuclear weapons, into the U.S. in a shipping container). The goal of the research presented here is to create a modeling tool for analyzing flows of U.S. imports and exports of containerized freight, and the potential changes in those flows under a variety of conditions (e.g., port disruptions, extensive security-related delays, etc.). Our focus is on movements through maritime container ports, and not overland movements between the U.S. and Canada or Mexico.The network model, referred to as the System for Import/Export Routing and Recovery Analysis (SIERRA), represents container movements between the U.S. and 46 other countries that account for the vast majority of U.S. imports and exports. The SIERRA model is a network equilibrium model that predicts flows between foreign countries and North American ports, the total volumes handled (import and export) by each port, the modal volumes (truck and rail) moving domestically into and out of each port, and volumes between each port and a set of transportation analysis zones within the U.S.     

Controlled installation of spudcan foundations on loose sand overlying weak clay

Offshore jack-up rigs are often used for site exploration and oil well drilling. The footings of jack-up rigs are known as spudcan foundations. The risk of rapid uncontrolled penetration of spudcan in seabed (“punch-through”) exposes jack-ups to significant risk during installation in strong over weak layered seabeds. An example for this is a thin loose sand layer overlying a weaker stratum of clay. To prevent spudcans from “punch-through”, an in-situ measurement concept is suggested in this paper to control the installation process of spudcan foundations. First, three-dimensional finite element studies using a Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian method are carried out to simulate the penetration process. The numerical results have been validated with existing analytical solutions and centrifuge model test data. Furthermore, parametric studies are carried out to quantify the influences of the sand thickness and shear strength of the clay on the bearing capacity of spudcans. Based on the numerical studies an idea for the development of an in-situ measurement concept is suggested to control the spudcan penetration process in-situ.     

53000吨特涂舱化学品/成品油船的分舱优化

化学品/成品油船的分舱原则不仅要满足国际公约、规则及船级社规范,还要综合考虑完整稳性、破舱稳性以及总纵强度的影响.文章介绍了中船重工船舶设计研究中心有限公司开发的53000DWT IMO II型特涂舱化学品/成品油船的分舱优化设计过程,对设计人员在同吨位液货船分舱设计方面有一定的参考作用.     

挖泥船“HAM318”的加长改装

“HAM318”是一艘挖泥船,原来的泥舱舱容太小,需要增加泥舱舱容。大连中远船务承接此项改装工程,从船舯部将其割开,加入51．1m长的新制分段,分别于原船艏部和艉部连接。改装后的船舶将增加13800m^3的泥舱舱容。文章将对该轮加长改装过程中的技术问题进行论述。     

北江下游航道水动力变化对河床变形的响应研究

采用基本站水文分析、二维水动力数值模拟和河床演变分析相结合的方法,通过研究水动力近期的主要变化和河床演变的主要特点,分析得出北江下游航道在径流作用河段水位变化是对河床下切的直接响应,而在下段的感潮河段,中、枯水潮汐作用较强时,水位变化受控于潮汐动力,潮汐动力变化是对河床下切、底坡降变小和河床容积增大的响应,流速变化主要是对平均水深和水面比降变化的响应。     

水工结构物混凝土保护层的作用及质量控制

针对水工结构物目前混凝土保护层厚度普遍控制不严的现状,简要分析了混凝土保护层厚度对钢筋混凝土结构的承载能力与耐久性的影响,同时结合大量的检测实践,指出当前水工结构施工在混凝土保护层厚度控制方面存在的不足,并对这方面的质量控制提出具体建议,以期进一步引起对混凝土保护层施工质量的重视。     

江苏沿海港口吞吐量影响因素及预测分析

目前江苏沿海地区综合开发已上升到国家发展战略层面,沿海港口建设正在迅猛开展。港口吞吐量的预测对于港口的建设有着极其重要的意义。以港口和腹地之间的互动关系为出发点,分析了可能影响江苏沿海港口吞吐量的若干因素,采用主成分分析法提取了过去10年影响港口吞吐量的最关键因素,剖析了江苏港口发展的内在影响机理,并提出了基于影响机理的预测模型。最后使用模型对江苏港口吞吐量进行验证分析,模型为江苏沿海港口新一轮发展提供了有力的数据支撑。     

港口工程单桩垂直承载力经验参数法初探

JTJ 254—1998《港口工程桩基规范》与JGJ 94—2008《建筑桩基技术规范》对单桩承载力计算的参数选取存在不同。从分析两个规范的桩基设计安全度出发,对比了黏土层采用该方法的参数差异和单桩垂直承载力的差异,介绍在工程实践中,解决该差异所采取的勘察工作方法和几种参数取值处理办法,最后对规范修订工作提出了几点建议。     

广州出海航道三期工程对内伶仃洋滩槽演变的影响

广州出海航道三期及其配套项目工程是伶仃洋水域内的一项重大工程,工程实施前,必须要研究和论证工程建设对伶仃洋水域内的泥沙输移和滩槽演变的影响.根据二维潮流泥沙数学模型计算分析,工程会对蕉门延伸段下段、伶仃洋西滩、西槽等冲淤变化有一定影响,对蕉门延伸段上段和凫洲水道及龙穴岛以东水域冲淤变化影响不大.从长期滩槽演变趋势来看,工程后近20a内,凫洲水道、蕉门延伸段以及内伶仃洋水域内冲淤演变规律不会发生大的变化,冲淤速率逐渐放缓,伶仃洋三滩两槽的格局将继续维持不变.     

船舶进出港安全时距对沿海散货港区航道通过能力的影响*

沿海散货港区规模化以及散货船舶大型化的趋势对航道航行安全性以及航道通过能力提出了更高的要求.船舶进出港安全时距作为控制同向进出港船舶尾随时间的安全参数,是影响沿海航道通过能力的因素之一.基于港口船舶航行作业系统,利用Arena仿真软件构建模型,研究不同条件下安全时距对沿海散货港区航道通过能力的影响,并将其应用于实例分析.仿真试验结果表明:安全时距与航道通过能力之间呈负幂函数关系;安全时距对双向航道通过能力影响程度更为显著;货物流向变化对二者的敏感关系影响并不明显;单线航道受安全时距的影响程度随通航历时的增加呈递减趋势.