FEM/BEM在轮胎振动和噪声特性分析中的应用

基于ABAQUS和SYSNOISE程序,给出了分析轮胎振动和噪声特性的有限元和边界元模型及完整方法（FEM/BEM）,并以此模型和方法对某半钢子午胎进行了模态分析,计算其在激励作用下的辐射声场.计算结果表明,只要有通过试验获得的轮胎在滚动过程中所受到的真实激励谱,利用本文的方法即可对轮胎的振动噪声进行预报.     

用MATLAB计算发动机悬置系统的固有频率和主振型

介绍了计算发动机橡胶悬置系统固有频率和主振型的过程,利用MATLAB编程并验证程序的正确性。通过程序的运行,能快速获得悬置振动系统的固有特性,为设计人员判断悬置系统是否会发生共振提供理论依据,也为进一步分析系统的响应打下了必要的基础。     

Seabed scene simulation and its realization in extending Vega

Realistic simulation of underwater scene is always difficult because of the special and complex vision effects in underwater space. Seabed is an important part of underwater environment. This paper describes the methods for seabed scene simulation based on OpenGL. It includes construction of fluetuant terrain based on the random sinusoidal algorithm, simulation of seabed flicker effect by means of circular texture mapping and generation of turbidity effect by using fog techniques. For the application based on the leading high level 3D development environment-Vega, underwater scene simulation is still a difficulty since there is no module for it. Based on the analysis of Vega software and the research on seabed scene simulation methods, a Vega extending module named “Underwater Space” was created through developing module class and extending lynx interface. The module class was designed through developing DLL written in C . The Lynx was extended through developing keyword configure file, GUI configure file and lynx plug-in DLL. The problem that Vega can‘t simulate underwater space, is elementarily resolved. The results show that this module is efficient, easy using, and the seabed scene images am vivid.     

CFC复频电导法与TEM瞬变电磁法在某隧道中的应用对比

CFC复频电导法与TEM瞬变电磁法是我国目前较为先进的隧道超前探水技术。以CFC与TEM在我国某铁路隧道中的应用为例,简述CFC与TEM的方法原理,并结合开挖实际情况进行对比。试验对比表明,CFC探水技术抗干扰能力更强,探水预报结果更为准确,特别是在电磁环境复杂的隧道。     

Parameters optimisation of a vehicle suspension system using a particle swarm optimisation algorithm

The purpose of this paper is to determine the lumped suspension parameters that minimise a multi-objective function in a vehicle model under different standard PSD road profiles. This optimisation tries to meet the rms vertical acceleration weighted limits for human sensitivity curves from ISO 2631 [ISO-2631: guide for evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration. Europe; 1997] at the driver's seat, the road holding capability and the suspension working space. The vehicle is modelled in the frequency domain using eight degrees of freedom under a random road profile. The particle swarm optimisation and sequential quadratic programming algorithms are used to obtain the suspension optimal parameters in different road profile and vehicle velocity conditions. A sensitivity analysis is performed using the obtained results and, in Class G road profile, the seat damping has the major influence on the minimisation of the multi-objective function. The influence of vehicle parameters in vibration attenuation is analysed and it is concluded that the front suspension stiffness should be less stiff than the rear ones when the driver's seat relative position is located forward the centre of gravity of the car body. Graphs and tables for the behaviour of suspension parameters related to road classes, used algorithms and velocities are presented to illustrate the results. In Class A road profile it was possible to find optimal parameters within the boundaries of the design variables that resulted in acceptable values for the comfort, road holding and suspension working space.     

电控气缸注油器注油调频控制机理分析

为实现电控气缸注油器的注油调频控制,探究其注油调频的计算方法,提出注油调频的通用计算公式,分析该计算公式在研发电控气缸注油器注油调频机理上的适用方法。     

The Downs–Thomson Paradox with responsive transit service

Downs (1962) and Thomson (1977) suggested that highway capacity expansion may produce counterproductive effects on the two-mode (auto and transit) transport system (Downs–Thomson Paradox). This paper investigates the occurrence of this paradox when transit authority can have different economic objectives (profit-maximizing or breakeven) and operating schemes (frequency, fare, or both frequency and fare). For various combinations of economic objectives and operating schemes, the interaction between highway expansion and transit service is explored, as well as its impact on travelers’ mode choices and travel utilities. Further, for each combination, the conditions for occurrence of the Downs–Thomson Paradox are established. We show that the paradox never occurs when transit authority is profit-maximizing, but it is inevitable when the transit authority is running to maximize travelers’ utility while maintaining breakeven. This is because the former transit authority tends to enhance transit service (e.g., raise frequency or reduce fare) when facing an expanded highway; and on the contrary, the latter tends to compromise transit service (e.g., reduce frequency or raise fare). Both analytical and numerical examples are provided to verify the theoretical results.     

Surface patterns of zooplankton spatial variability detected by high frequency sampling in the NW Mediterranean. Role of density fronts

High frequency sampling was performed in daylight hours along a 35 km transect in the Ligurian Sea to investigate the upper layer zooplankton distribution during the spring phytoplankton bloom. The results show detailed spatial structure and biomass of key zooplankton functional groups, copepods, salps and krill larvae, within the different water masses characterizing this region. Although observed values of total copepod biomass distribution were rather constant along the transect, species-specific patterns were observed in the copepod spatial distribution. The larger species Calanus helgolandicus, as well as Centropages typicus, Oithona spp., and Oncaea spp., were associated with the frontal zone. However, Acartia spp. had a scattered distribution, and Clausocalanus/Paracalanus did not have a clear pattern. In addition, krill larvae were concentrated in the frontal area and salps had a scattered pattern. The cross-shore zooplankton distribution appeared strongly influenced by both the Northern Ligurian current governing inshore waters, which acts as a major flushing forcing, and the Ligurian front, which governs offshore waters and may act as retention area for zooplankton.     

圆形钢筋混凝土桩局部破除后抗弯能力计算及应用

深基坑工程中常常出现围护桩成桩垂直度偏差以致侵入主体结构限界的现象，为保证后续主体结构尺寸符合要求，需要对侵限部位进行凿除，进而导致其抗弯承载能力下降。针对圆截面桩体局部凿除后的抗弯承载能力计算问题，基于二次逼近法，建立圆形钢筋混凝土桩局部破除后正截面抗弯承载能力计算方法，结合实际工程分析围护桩局部破除后对基坑围护结构体系的安全性影响。结果表明： 桩身局部破除后，纵向受力钢筋切断和桩身截面面积的减小将导致桩身正截面抗弯能力快速下降；依托工程中800 mm 的围护桩，凿除18 cm 厚度（含切断6根主筋）后，其正截面抗弯能力下降至原设计值的55%，剩余承载力已不能满足安全支护的要求，需进行加固处理。