高速铁路桥隧相连段结构设计

位于中西部山区的高速铁路需修建大量的桥隧工程,造成桥台(梁)伸入隧道内布置,隧道洞口段往往为土质地层或基岩风化层,地质条件比较差,桥隧相连段隧道断面大,结构受力复杂,设计、施工难度很大,处理不好,容易留下安全隐患。以西成客运专线工程设计为实例,采用工程类比与理论计算相结合的方法,对桥隧相连段的尺寸拟定、结构设计、排水设计方案等主要技术难点进行研究,成功解决了桥隧相连段的设计难题。研究结论:(1)隧道净空尺寸除满足建筑限界外,必需考虑桥台、梁的结构尺寸、检修高度、设备布置等综合因素;(2)桥隧相连段断面大,结构措施宁强勿弱、安全可靠;(3)隧道低洞口端要设置汇水井、转向排水管、引排管等设施,解决排水问题。     

厦深铁路韩江特大桥道岔区变宽度大跨连续梁总体设计

研究目的:随着我国客运专线铁路的建设发展,受车站布置的影响,跨区间无缝线路道岔上桥已不可避免.本文从桥面布置、结构形式和施工方案3个方面,对设于道岔区的厦深铁路韩江特大桥主跨(48 3×80 48) m变宽度有砟轨道连续梁桥进行设计研究.研究结果:通过大跨变宽度连续梁有限元分析计算,梁部各项指标均满足桥梁规范及轨道专业要求,设计的施工方案也是切实可行的.韩江桥满足了车站布置和通航、防洪需要,在大跨度预应力混凝土连续梁桥上设置高速无缝道岔属于国内首次,也是我国客运专线建设中又一关键技术的突破和创新.     

艰险山区客运专线铁路隧道缓冲结构研究

高速列车进出隧道形成的压力波带来乘客舒适度下降、隧道洞口噪声污染、威胁隧道洞口建筑物安全等多种不利影响。为了深入研究高速铁路隧道洞口微压波特性,确定各种缓冲结构在控制微压波方面的效果,提出缓冲结构设计的合理方案。通过模拟实验和数值分析,对主要缓冲结构设置形式进行了分析,并针对艰险山区隧道洞口提出了缓冲结构设计的合理方案。     

计算高速列车车内压力的热力学模型

运用热力学基础知识，建立了一种计算高速列车通过隧道时车内压力变化的热力学模型，它采用当量漏气面积表示车辆气密性，具有物理意义明确的特点。在相同的计算条件下，将其与现有能够计算车内压力的2种模型——经验模型和流动模型进行了车内压力计算的对比分析，结果表明热力学模型用于高速列车车内压力计算是可行的。     

Simulation of Old Urban Residential Area Evolution Based on Complex Adaptive System

On the basis of complex adaptive system theory,this paper proposed an agent-based model of old urban residential area,in which,residents and providers are the two adaptive agents.The behaviors of residents and providers in this model are trained with back propagation and simulated with Swarm software based on environment-rules-agents interaction.This model simulates the evolution of old urban residential area and analyzes the relations between the evolution and urban management with the background of Chaozhou city.As a result,the following are obtained:(1) Simulation without government intervention indicates the trend of housing ageing,environmental deterioration,economic depression,and social filtering-down in old urban residential area.If the development of old urban residential area is under control of developers in market,whose desire is profit maximization,and factors such as social justice,historic and culture value will be ignored.(2) If the government carries out some policies and measures which will perfectly serve their original aims,simulation reveals that old urban residential area could be adapted to environment and keep sustainable development.This conclusion emphasizes that government must act as initiator and program maker for guiding residents and other providers directly in the development of old urban residential area.     

船闸口门区水流结构与连接段航道范围的探讨

从水力学角度和航行条件出发,来认识船闸口门区与连接段的水流结构,探讨连接段的范围。收集概化模型与枢纽物理模型的实验资料,采用归纳、总结和分析对比的方法,对概化和枢纽工程船闸引航道出口的水流结构、形态及回流长度等规律进行总结和讨论,对口门区与连接段的水流与航行条件进行分析。结果表明:概化模型的回流长度l1=7.0b比枢纽模型l1=4.6b要长;连接段的同岸与异岸连接,实质是主航道航线与引航道轴线夹角的大小;文中连接段长度是推轮能克服水流作用于船舶(队)漂移时的长度,否则需重新确定。     

平潭海峡大桥船舶交通管理系统管理程度研究

平潭海峡是中小型船舶东北季风盛行季节北上的黄金水道。近年来随着国民经济的快速增长,沿海航运业得到迅猛发展,海峡船舶密度明显增大。平潭海峡大桥位于平潭海峡中部,桥区通航孔附近每小时最大交通量为17艘,出现船舶追越局面的可能性较大。海峡碍航物多,水流复杂,且小型船舶违规、违章航行现象较普遍,存在一定的安全隐患。定量分析桥区船舶交通危险,进行科学的船舶交通管理系统成本与效益分析,恰当划分与确定船舶交管系统等级,使系统的建设规模符合当地船舶交通的实际需要,力求取得较好的社会效益和经济效益。     

岩溶地区桩基施工综合防治与处理措施探讨

岩溶地区钻孔灌注桩施工难度大,风险高,且多为突发事故,施工前要做好充分的准备,加强施工管理与组织。针对不同的溶洞及软弱覆盖层分布情况,采取不同的施工方案进行处理,以提高施工效率。     

Does emission control area policy reduce sulfur dioxides concentration in Shanghai?

As an important measure to abate ship-source air emissions, the establishment of Emission Control Area (ECA) has been adopted not only at international level, but also at national and regional level. However, there exists a research gap of employing econometric models to enrich the ECA policy evaluation research by testing the effectiveness of an ECA policy based on the empirical data. This paper focuses on the effectiveness of the ECA policy in shanghai port by adopting regression discontinuity (RD) approach. The RD design is considered as a wonderful substitution for the randomized control trial, which usually serves as a conventional and effective tool to address endogeneity. The causal effect of the ECA policy on the SO₂ concentration reduction can be detected by the RD approach. According to the estimated results, there is a discontinuity around the ECA policy cutoff point, and it is indicated that the SO₂ concentration in Shanghai decreased by at least 0.229 μg/m³ daily on average due to the implementation of the ECA policy. The positive role that the ECA policy plays in reducing SO₂ concentration in Shanghai is well demonstrated. This paper also puts forward an agenda for the future studies in the domain of the ECA policy evaluation.     

黄河三角洲滩海油田岸滩防护方案探索

针对飞雁滩油田的岸滩侵蚀情况提出几种岸滩防护设想并确定防护方案.该方案充分利用自然力,通过人为干扰促使防护区外泥沙起动,借助海上潮流使高含沙海水流经防护区,实现岸滩蚀退的快速防护.