沿海开发战略下的南通外语教育生态发展研究

文章运用教育生态学原理以江苏沿海开发战略为背景，分析了南通外语教育生态发展存在的问题，并提出了相应的对策。该研究对促进南通外语教育的可持续发展具有一定的借鉴意义。     

斜穿地裂缝黄土地铁隧道施工诱发的地表沉降及隧道变形规律研究

研究地裂缝影响区内存在可弱化土体的不利因素情况下,西安黄土地区地铁隧道暗挖斜穿地裂缝施工所诱发的地表及隧道相关变形规律。通过FLAC3D模拟预测施工变形规律,并与实际监测数据进行对比分析,得到以下结论:(1)FLAC3D模拟表明,隧道暗挖施工穿越地裂缝时裂缝临近处收敛值会在初期出现短暂负收敛现象;(2)地表在地裂缝影响带的差异沉降发展集中在穿越前和穿越过程中,而拱顶上下盘差异沉降主要集中在穿越过程中;(3)当地裂缝影响带内存在可弱化土体强度的不利因素时,地表最终沉降的峰值点会向不利因素处移动;(4)拱顶最终沉降的峰值点基本在隧道轴线和裂缝的相交处,其受地表的土体弱化因素影响较小。     

兰新铁路第二双线穿越大风区综合选线研究

大风区段对铁路的建设及运营安全存在着各种危害,高速铁路由于具有速度高、车体轻的特点,其安全受到强风威胁会更大,高速铁路穿越大风区防风设置是世界性难题,目前尚无已成功运营的先例,高速铁路大风区综合选线需综合考虑防风设置、防排水、防沙、接触网防风等因素,科学合理进行方案比选研究。通过分析新疆境内四大风区分布及特点,利用既有兰新铁路设施及防风科研成果,对兰新铁路第二双线在穿越大风区段落综合进行选线设计研究,充分分析路基地段的防风设施设置以及线路平纵断面的防风布置选择,确保高速铁路在大风区安全、快速通过,以确定科学、合理的线路设计方案。     

规划盐泰锡常宜铁路长江桥位线路方案研究

针对盐泰锡常宜铁路越江问题,分析区域沿江城市规划、区域过江通道、水文、地质特征与河势,提出长江桥位线路方案。最后,通过长江特大桥建桥条件及引入泰锡常地区条件等全面系统分析,选出江阴铁路大桥方案为合理方案。     

Impact of coastal construction on coral reefs in the U.S.‐affiliated pacific Islands

Abstract

During the past century, traditional ownership, control, and use of coral reef habitats in the U.S.‐affiliated islands in the Pacific have declined, exposing them to increased construction for plantation, transportation, military, urban, aquaculture, fisheries, mineral, and resort development. Dredging, filling, and other construction in coral reef and related ecosystems are expected to continue at high levels. Collectively, these activities have resulted in major adverse ecological impacts, many of which can be avoided or reduced to minor levels. Improvements in the design, siting, and construction of coastal projects can be accomplished by early integration of environmental objectives. Ecological baseline surveys; environmental impact assessments; regulatory conditions; guidelines and standards during construction; monitoring of construction; post‐construction evaluation; and long‐range research, planning, and management are among the most useful of the environmental tools to describe reefs and to identify measures to reduce or avoid adverse impacts on coral reefs.     

寒冷地区水泥混凝土路面养护新技术

寒冷地区内自然环境对水泥混凝土路面会造成严重的破坏,给交通运输事业造成不利影响.提出水泥混凝土路面板底灌浆技术和混凝土路面边角快速修复方法等一系列混凝土路面养护新技术.     

CZM in California: Successes and Challenges Ahead

California has a forty-year history of successful coastal zone management. The San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission, the California Coastal Commission, and the State Coastal Conservancy have protected and made accessible hundreds of miles of shoreline. While each agency has played a critical role, this article focuses on the Coastal Commission. Implementing the California Coastal Act, the Coastal Commission has partnered with local government, other agencies, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and the public to concentrate new development in already developed areas, and much of the rural coastal zone looks as it did in 1972. The Commission has protected and expanded public shoreline access through its regulatory actions. Using strong ecological science the Commission has protected a wide variety of sensitive habitats and wetlands. And under the authority of the Coastal Zone Management Act, the Commission has reviewed thousands of federal projects to assure that they are consistent with the Coastal Act. Challenges continue, though, including population growth, sea-level rise, and inadequate funding to update local coastal land use plans to address new issues, such as climate change adaptation. New investment is needed at the national, state, and local level to continue the success of the California program.     

Democratization of Coastal Zone Decision Making for Indigenous Australians: Insights from Stakeholder Analysis

Community participation has become something of an orthodoxy within natural resource management. In the absence of an explicit strategy for democratization and capacity-building the notion of community participation is potentially meaningless and its application likely to mask decisions made in the interests of elite groups. This article examines the shortcomings of participatory processes in coastal resource management and seeks to identify and overcome constraints to democratization and capacity-building for Indigenous Australians. Using two coastal catchments in Central Queensland as a case study, we explore relations of power among stakeholders using Stakeholder Analysis to provide a platform for more effective deliberative participation by this group of stakeholders. Discussion of the specific barriers to participation identified by Aboriginal stakeholders will demonstrate the need to adopt notions of capacity-building that focus not only on the attributes of the individual stakeholder that might facilitate their participation, but on the characteristics also of the decision-making environment.     

Island Villagers’ Willingness to Work or Pay for Sustainability of a Marine Fishery Reserve: Case of San Miguel Island,Philippines

Establishment of marine reserves or marine protected areas (MPAs) has emerged as a major coastal resource management tool in the Philippines. A major sustainability constraint is the enforcement of MPA and fisheries regulations. We contribute to the literature of using stated preference methods to investigate the local residents’ willingness to work (WTW) and willingness to pay (WTP) for the continued existence of the San Miguel Island (SMI) fishery reserve in Bicol Region, Philippines. We surveyed 435 respondents in three villages. The lower-bound mean WTW is 3.5 days/mo for residents in the “owner” village and 1.9 days/mo for residents in adjacent villages. Using a fraction of mean daily income to impute the monetary equivalent of WTW, the result is more than 3 times higher than the Php16 to 25/mo (US$0.34 to 0.75/mo) estimated mean WTP. We hypothesize that labor market in this rural village is incomplete so residents have stronger preference for money than for time. However, further investigation on the opportunity cost of time and understanding the labor market is warranted when using WTW in a valuation framework. Some policy implications are: (1) considering use of voluntary labor as management option for MPAs and (2) establishing “own village” MPAs may increase residents’ conservation value.     

智能网联先导区道路交叉口车路协同系统设计

近年来,车路协同是汽车与交通行业发展的重要方向之一,而车路协同环境建设和推广也成为先导区建设的重中之重。车路协同系统利用无线通信、传感器检测、高精度地图定位、人工智能、计算机等众多技术来获取车辆和道路信息,在实现人、车、路充分协同的同时,从而达到主动提高道路交通安全、最优化利用系统资源、缓解交通拥挤的目标,形成安全、效率、环保的道路交通系统。先导区一般选址在车流量大、道路环境复杂、附近居住人口密集的区域。先导区内汽车智能与网联化测试、V2X场景实现均需要借助于车路协同系统环境。本文介绍了先导区道路交叉口车路协同系统涵盖的技术,以及实现的功能和信息服务场景,并从车端、路端给出了相应场景的解决方案。