护坡结构在Mirsarai海岸防护工程中的应用

传统的混凝土或生态型护坡结构均不能兼顾海岸防护对结构防浪消能、耐久性、生态性的需求。针对孟加拉Mirsarai海岸防护工程特点,并经方案比选,采用混凝土块体与生态组合型护坡结构,对其技术质量重难点、典型施工问题、基槽镇脚棱体和坡面块体的防浪稳定性、生态护坡与结构排水进行分析。结果表明,基槽与坡面块体稳定质量满足防浪要求,能够有效抵御汛期海浪冲击;植被生态型护坡利用根系加固土层,控制土粒及下部材料冲刷流失,并兼具生态与景观作用。     

沿海港口发展环境及适应性分析

立足于国际经贸环境、中国国民经济以及中国对外贸易发展和产业布局调整的最新形势,分析当前全国沿海港口发展的阶段性特点及面临的宏观环境。提出码头评估能力的概念,客观分析港口吞吐量统计数据的构成,就沿海港口评估能力与运输需求的总体适应性、分区域适应性、发展结构适应性以及与产业布局适应性进行探讨,提出问题及建议,展望港口发展态势。     

市政排水系统厂站网一体化调度应用

随着城市化进程的加速,城市排水系统的运行面临着越来越大的挑战。传统的排水系统管理模式存在调度决策支撑不足、效率较低等问题,无法满足现代排水系统精细化管理的需求。探索排水系统厂站网一体化调度模式,对于提高排水系统实际运行效率和管理水平具有重要意义。对上海市某片区市政排水系统厂站网一体化调度应用进行研究,搭建厂站网一体化调度平台,集成排水设施基础数据、物联感知监测数据以及水雨情气象数据数据库,以污水管网干线模型为计算引擎,实现排水运行日常监管、一体化调度支持实际应用等功能,为排水系统高效平稳运行提供支撑。     

Environmental protection motivation in coastal zone land‐use legislation

Abstract

Analysis of recent substantive coastal land use management laws shows that their main thrust is to provide for protection of the coastal environment from adverse impacts of uncontrolled development. The four purposes cited most frequently among laws of 17 states were: Protection of wildlife and fisheries, protection of ecosystems or the natural environment, control of development, and enhancement of esthetic values. Other purposes were to: Protect life and property, enhance public recreation, conserve soil, and protect water resources. Development and economic purposes were cited in relatively few laws.     

A Bayesian Methodology for Estimating the Impacts of Improved Coastal Ocean Information on the Marine Recreational Fishing Industry

The study develops a model of recreational fish catch probabilities, based on angler fishing strategies, that is conditional on uncertain information about the coastal ocean environment. We calculate expected catch based on a hypothetical Baseline Data Set and hypothetical data from an Integrated Ocean Observation System (IOOS) to demonstrate potential benefits from IOOS. The role of Bayesian probabilities in Random Utility Models of recreational fishing is identified. The study discusses the types of information that will be required by recreational anglers in the Gulf of Mexico. Results have implications for the construction of ocean observation systems for recreational fishermen.     

Analysis of Coastal Wetland Changes Using the “DPSIR” Model: A Case Study in Xiamen,China

Over the past several decades, human activities have had significant impacts on coastal wetlands worldwide. Here, using a model of “Drivers-Pressures-State-Impacts-Responses (DPSIR)” and data collected from coastal wetlands in Xiamen, China, we have analyzed temporal changes in regional coastal wetland ecosystem structure and function from 1950 through 2005. The study period was divided into four parts for comparative analysis: pre-1980s, 1980s, 1990s, and 2000 to present. Our results show that anthropogenic drivers of coastal wetland degradation in this region have increased substantially since 1950, and that this is correlated with a decline in coastal wetland function over the same period.     

范围管理在工程一切险索赔中的应用研究

工程一切险作为工程保险的最主要构成部分,对投保人顺利进行工程建设有着重要影响。目前由于投保人工程一切险索赔专业水平受限,本文将范围管理理念引入工程一切险索赔领域,从工程一切险索赔过程中的四个主要范围:保险的标的范围、保险的时间范围、保险的事件范围和保险的赔偿范围进行分析,以利于提高投保人的工程一切险索赔管理水平。     

Evolution of coastal hazards policies in the United States

The ocean and Great Lakes coasts of the United States are experiencing widespread economic and environmental damage from coastal flooding and erosion. During this century, public response to such coastal hazards has evolved haphazardly in response to particular disasters. Over time, however, the range of response has broadened as research has helped to refine public understanding of physical coastal processes, and specific disasters have been studied before longer term forms of institutional response have been formulated. Earlier reliance on engineered shoreline protection has been supplemented by beach nourishment, flood insurance, building and land use regulations, coastal zone planning, and other approaches. This article interprets the evolution of such public policy innovations in terms of a model that depicts the interaction of spatially differentiated systems of physical, legal, and cultural phenomena in the coastal context.     

Coastal erosion and sea level rise: Implications for ocean beach and San Francisco's westside transport project

Abstract

One of the consequences of sea level rise resulting from the greenhouse effect is increased coastal erosion. This article discusses a model of erosion that can be used to estimate the response of beaches to sea level rise. The model is applied to Ocean Beach, California, with particular attention to the consequences of accelerated erosion for the San Francisco Westside Sewer Transport. Results obtained show that erosion produced by accelerated sea level rise could cause substantial damage to the structure. Large expenditures on beach nourishment will be required to protect the transport and the recreational value of the beach.     

道路运输承运人责任险制度安排的民法学与社会学分析

从民法的立法精神出发，以道路运输承运人责任保险制度的颁布实施为研究对象，通过理论分析提出承运人责任险制度安排虽然是一种合同行为，体现了民事法律关系与法律救济原则，但其已突破了传统民法的“意思自治”私法范畴，折射了国家干预和“私法的公法化”的法理本质。同时以社会学的视野来看，承运人责任险险种从制度上化解了社会矛盾，维护了社会稳定，体现了风险规避与社会和谐意义。