无人帆船长途路径规划研究

将多维动态规划法应用于1条无人帆船从上海到青岛的长途路径规划,在当前位置以外引入已航行路径长度作为第三维状态变量,以相邻路径点之间的短途路径规划方案作为决策变量,可以规划出一组随路径总长度变化的航行时间最短路径。结果显示,增加状态变量维度后,规划结果保留了更多备选方案,起到了很好的决策辅助作用。     

目标导向式的综合保税区规划策略

综合保税区是设立在内陆地区具有保税港区功能的海关特殊监管区域,是一个相对封闭、完整的城市空间,其规划策略与其他城市空间存在巨大差异。分析了综合保税区政策属性、产业功能、空间形态等特性,采用"目标导向"的思维方式提出了综合保税区的规划目标。围绕规划目标的实现过程从协调外部限制要素、符合监管要求、内外交通组织、确定建设用地指标、协调城市景观等方面提出了综合保税区的规划策略,并以徐州综合保税区为例进行了实例分析。     

Uncertainty analysis of the large zone economic module of the simple,efficient, elegant,and effective model (SE3M) of land use and transportation

Integrated land use and transportation forecasting models are used to assist decision-makers in the policy analysis and infrastructure capital improvement selection process. These models are typically given precise, point-estimate inputs that are mathematically linked, through a series of submodels, to forecasted model outputs. These point-estimate inputs represent an unrealistic level of precision and a growing body of research is focusing on statistical techniques to model uncertainty in model inputs and parameters and tracking the effects of this uncertainty through the various submodels to the model outputs. This paper presents an uncertainty analysis of the Large Zone Economic Module (LZEM) of the Simple, Efficient, Elegant, and Effective Model (SE³M) of land use and transportation. Three case-study implementations of the model are used to obtain a reasonably sound approximation of how uncertainty affects LZEM outputs: Guam, Puerto Rico, and Oahu, Hawaii. These case studies were the subject of an early transferability study with SE³M and were selected based on both their insularity and diverse physical, economic, and demographic geographies. The findings of this research demonstrate that LZEM has a robust framework, with the potential to estimate error both in the positive and negative direction under uncertain input/parameter conditions.     

Bridging the gap between multi-objective optimization and spatial planning: a new post-processing methodology capturing the optimum allocation of land uses against established transportation infrastructure

The optimal allocation of multiple land uses constitutes a complex multi-objective optimization problem with unknown feasible objective space and optimal planning alternatives. Despite the effectiveness of evolutionary algorithms to capture the underlying Pareto set of optimum maps, land use planners are bound to pursue the best possible spatial allocation of each use within an enormous population of non-dominated solutions. This article presents a novel post-processing methodology enhancing the comparative evaluation of alternative planning approaches without making any assumptions about the (relative) importance of each objective function. The proposed consolidated post-processing module is applied in a land use planning paradigm, revealing: (a) the existence of substantial planning guidelines whose validity is not affected by the relative significance of each criterion and (b) the variable planning component emerging from the (varying) relative importance of objective functions. Such planning feedback could not be extracted by the exhaustive review of non-dominated maps.     

双护盾TBM在深圳地铁应用中存在的问题及对策

为解决双护盾TBM在城市地铁施工中始发困难、极限小转弯半径、穿越极硬岩及断层破碎带等工程难题,结合双护盾TBM在深圳地区的应用需求,研究双护盾TBM在深圳地铁施工中存在的问题及对策。1)提出双护盾TBM在R260 m极限小转弯半径施工中的刀具磨损消耗规律、步进控制措施及测量顶台振动解决方案; 2)提出一种分体始发技术方案以解决双护盾TBM始发场地狭小、空间受限问题; 3)提出在210 MPa极硬岩工况下双护盾TBM的针对性设计及刀具优化改进措施; 4)提出双护盾TBM穿越断层破碎带掘进参数建议及应对策略。     

我国几类特殊地质条件铁路隧道修建问题与对策概述

特殊地质条件隧道处治是隧道修建的主要难题,为总结经验供类似工程借鉴,本文针对几类典型铁路隧道特殊地质条件隧道修建问题与对策进行研究。1）岩溶主要问题为岩溶发育无规律、易产生突水突泥,主要对策为高位选线、畅排、泄压、水文评价与动态设计等; 2）富水破碎带主要问题为围岩稳定性差、易产生突水突泥,主要对策为超前排水泄压、超前支护与加固地层; 3）高地应力软岩主要问题为易产生大变形,主要对策为主动控制围岩变形、支护宁补勿拆、快挖、快支、快封闭等; 4）岩爆主要问题为无规律性和随机性,主要对策为改善围岩物理力学性能、围岩应力条件、加固围岩; 5）第三系含水砂层主要问题为水稳性差、降水和注浆困难,主要对策为地表和洞内联合降水、扰动置换压密型注浆加固、超前支护等; 6）高地温主要问题为恶化作业环境、降低生产率,主要对策为洒水、通风、放置冰块、机械制冷和劳动保护等; 7）瓦斯等有害气体主要问题为存在气体燃烧、爆突、爆炸风险,主要对策为通风、监测与检测、防爆设备配备、安全生产管理等。     

成都市城南片区骨干路网规划方案研究

针对成都市城南片区交通拥堵现象,对整个片区内的交通进行综合分析。通过对该片区的路网梳理,明确各条道路的功能划分,并结合骨干路网、地铁线路、快速公交,提高该片区内的通行效率。以片区规划方案为指导,对线路及节点方案科学决策,彻底改变过去仅针对单一工程、缺乏系统性和全局性的小范围研究,从而对其他片区开展路网系统性研究提供指导和借鉴。     

物资企业经营计划优化模型研究

结合物资企业的经营特征,通过对经营计划制定过程的分析,给出了多品种、价格有折扣、市场需求随机、经营方式灵活的物资经营计划优化模型及求解方法,并对模型的适应性进行了讨论。因模型的建立与物资企业的实际情况相适应,所以对物资企业经营有较大的指导意义。     

施工温度对沥青混凝土路面质量的影响

提出了在低温地区大陆性气候条件下,沥青混凝土路面对沥青材料的选择和施工碾压时根据粘弹理论区分不同区域控制碾压温度,确保施工质量。     

公路网规划理论的研究概况及发展趋势

介绍了国内外公路网规划理论的发展历程,对公路网规划的工程流程和主要内容作了详细的介绍,并对预测理论与方法、布局理论与方法、评价理论与方法等进行了分析比较,最后对其未来的发展趋势进行了展望．