独柱墩桥梁抗倾覆稳定性分析

汲取近几年发生的独柱墩桥梁倾覆事故的教训与经验,结合现行规范的相关规定,对该类桥梁的抗倾覆稳定性作了一些分析,得到了一些分析结果,希望能对以后独柱墩桥梁的设计工作提供一些详实、可靠的指导性建议.     

消能自复位摇摆框架墩结构地震反应及易损性分析

摇摆构造可限制结构的地震损伤和残余位移，从而提升结构的震后恢复能力。以消能自复位摇摆框架墩结构为研究对象，基于摇摆刚体假定，建立消能自复位摇摆框架墩结构的动力分析模型，并通过试验结果验证了该模型的有效性。模型中采用拉格朗日方程推导出结构的运动学方程，并考虑了桥墩复位碰撞所造成的速度折减以及预应力束和阻尼器的失效。以黄徐路摇摆桥梁结构为工程背景，对消能自复位摇摆框架墩结构进行实例分析、参数分析和易损性分析。实例分析和参数分析结果表明：阻尼器和预应力束的联合应用可减小结构的位移反应，阻尼器刚度的量纲一化参数（ρ_d）越大则结构减震效果越好，且在脉冲近场地震作用下的减震效果更为明显。针对阻尼器屈服、阻尼器失效、预应力束失效和结构倒塌4个极限状态的易损性分析的结果表明：在E1地震作用下，阻尼器失效、预应力束失效和结构倒塌的发生概率极小；在E2地震作用下，阻尼器极易发生屈服，阻尼器失效和预应力束失效的概率小于20%，结构倒塌的发生概率近乎为0；在脉冲近场地震作用下，ρ_d增大可降低各极限状态的发生概率，预应力束刚度的增大对各极限状态的发生概率影响较小，预应力束初始应力的增大会增加预应力束失效的发生概率。     

Exact and simplified estimations for elastic buckling pressures of structural pipe-in-pipe cross sections under external hydrostatic pressure

Structural pipe-in-pipe cross sections have significant potential for application in offshore oil and gas production systems because they combine thermal insulation performance with structural strength and self weight in an integrated way. Such cross sections comprise inner and outer thin-walled pipes with the annulus between them fully filled by a selectable filler material to impart an appropriate combination of properties. Structural pipe-in-pipe cross sections can exhibit several different collapse mechanisms, and the basis of the preferential occurrence of one over the others is of interest. This article presents an exact analysis for predicting the elastic buckling behaviours of a structural pipe-in-pipe cross section when subjected to external hydrostatic pressure. Simplified approximations are also investigated for elastic buckling pressure and mode when the outer pipe and its contact with the filler material is considered as a pipe on an elastic foundation. Results are presented to show the variation of elastic buckling pressure with the relative elastic modulus of the filler and pipe materials, the filler thickness, and the thicknesses of the inner and outer pipes. Case studies based on realistic application scenarios are used to show that the simplified approximations are sufficiently accurate for practical structural design purposes.     

薄腹板T型梁的稳定分析

通过薄腹板T梁的稳定性理论分析,推导出列车运营荷载作用下梁整体稳定极限承载力和腹板屈曲的极限承载力,并利用ANSYS对24m高强度混凝土T型梁进行了有限元分析。     

Planktonic community structure and carbon cycling in the Arabian Sea as a result of monsoonal forcing: the application of a generic model

The Arabian Sea exhibits a complex pattern of biogeochemical and ecological dynamics, which vary both seasonally and spatially. These dynamics have been studied using a one-dimensional vertical hydrodynamic model coupled to a complex ecosystem model, simulating the annual cycle at three contrasting stations. These stations are characterised by seasonally upwelling, mixed-layer-deepening and a-seasonal oligotrophic conditions, respectively, and coincide with extensively measured stations on the two JGOFS ARABESQUE cruises in 1994. The model reproduces many spatial and temporal trends in production, biomass, physical and chemical properties, both qualitatively and quantitatively and so gives insight into the main mechanisms responsible for the biogeochemical and ecological complexity. Monsoonal systems are typified by classical food web dynamics, whilst intermonsoonal and oligotrophic systems are dominated by the microbial loop. The ecosystem model (ERSEM), developed for temperate regions, is found to be applicable to the Arabian Sea system with little reparameterisation. Differences in in-situ physical forcing are sufficient to recreate contrasting eutrophic and oligotrophic systems, although the lack of lateral terms are probably the greatest source of error in the model. Physics, nutrients, light and grazing are all shown to play a role in controlling production and community structure. Small-celled phytoplanktons are predicted to be dominant and sub-surface chlorophyll maxima are robust centers of production during intermonsoon periods. Analysis of carbon fluxes indicate that physically driven outgassing of CO₂ predominates in monsoonal upwelling systems but ecological activity may significantly moderate CO₂ outgassing in the Arabian Sea interior.     

南京长江第三大桥钢塔柱设计与加工

南京长江三桥钢混结合区置于索塔下横梁顶面。为避免涡激振动和驰振,通过10种切角方案和3种切角形式断面不同攻角情况下风洞试验对塔柱进行选型,并在塔端设置一组制振设备,以控制索塔架设过程中的振动。节段连接采用高强度螺栓。使用ANSYS程序进行结构有限元分析,对最不利的施工状态进行检算。在工厂制造板块和锚箱,在工地组焊钢塔柱节段,在桥位进行钢塔柱节段安装。通过焊接评定试验,确定焊接工艺和焊接顺序,采用大型数显端面加工落地铣镗床和精密测量设备,确保加工精度。     

基于遗传算法和可变多面体算法的耐压结构混合优化

水下结构设计的主要任务是如何进行结构优化,在保证水下结构安全可靠性的前提下减轻结构的自重.本文根据水下结构强度和稳定性要求,以遗传算法(GA)和可变多面体算法(SM)作为子算法构造了水下结构优化设计的混合优化策略,并应用于圆柱形耐压结构的优化设计,计算结果对于水下结构设计计算具有指导作用.     

超深长条形基坑立柱上浮规律及其对钢筋混凝土支撑附加弯矩的影响

基坑开挖会造成立柱上浮,引起钢筋混凝土支撑的附加弯矩,严重的会造成支撑失稳。通过系统监测超深长条形基坑开挖过程中不同断面处地下连续墙和立柱上浮量,该文总结了基坑开挖过程中立柱上浮和规律,得到了影响基坑立柱上浮的三个因素：开挖深度、开挖速度和立柱位置。从而推导了立柱上浮造成的钢筋混凝土支撑附加弯矩和立柱上浮力的计算方法。根据监测结果,计算了某基坑施工过程中立柱上浮造成的钢筋混凝土支撑附加弯矩的变化规律。     

钢管混凝土单圆管标准拱桥面外稳定性有限元分析方法研究

为给钢管混凝土单圆管拱桥面外稳定性分析提供实用计算方法,对钢管混凝土单圆管标准拱桥面外弹性稳定性有限元分析方法进行研究。首先使用统计学方法,统计分析国内25座钢管混凝土单圆管拱桥基本构造数据及统计学参数;其次根据已有统计数据建立50~59m、60~69m、70~79m共3类跨径钢管混凝土单圆管标准拱桥并验算其安全性能;给出弹性稳定系数分析标准拱桥面外弹性稳定性能的基本假定以及竖向荷载和横桥向荷载计算方法,采用不同有限元方法分析标准拱桥面外稳定性,确定标准拱桥面外稳定性有限元计算方法。结果表明:通过统计数据建立的钢管混凝土单圆管标准拱桥能反映工程实际;采用恒、活载稳定系数计算方法求解标准拱桥面外弹性稳定承载力及极限承载力较为合适。     

横向土压力对板桩主动土压力区内桩列的内力影响及桩列的内力计算

在斜顶桩铜管板桩结构中，准确计算位于板桩后主动土压力区内的支撑桩内力，对准确确定工程造价和确保工程质量是必要的。分析横向土压力对位于板桩后主动土压力区内桩列的内力影响，对桩列的内力计算进行探讨。