基于反算当量路基回弹模量钢桁架混凝土桥面铺装设计

文中结合我国当前的沥青路面设计方法,运用"反算当量路基回弹模量"法,把钢桁架混凝土桥桥面铺装结构倒置后,转换成普通路面的半无限空间层状弹性体系,并提出类似一般沥青路面设计方法的钢桁架混凝土桥桥面铺装设计方法。该法以铺装层顶表面最大拉应力(拉应变)作为设计控制指标,对桥面铺装结构层的设计有一定指导意义。     

应用便携式落锤弯沉仪测定路基回弹模量

应用便携式落锤弯沉仪(PFWD),研究了动弹性模量与压实度和含水量的关系,得出动弹性模量与静弹性模量、压实度和含水量相关系数大于0.85,动弹性模量最大值在最佳含水量附近,这与实际情况相符.结果表明,PFWD可用于路基回弹模量的快速检测和评价.     

压实度对路基回弹模量的影响分析

路基回弹模量是反映路基承载能力的主要力学参数,它的确定直接影响到路面的设计厚度,因此有关路基回弹模量的研究具有十分重要的意义。选定三种不同类型的路基填料,分析在不同压实度条件下路基回弹模量的变化规律,并结合PFWD（便携式落锤弯沉仪）检测方法,将设计参数回弹模量与施工控制指标压实度联系起来,得出三种路基填料的回弹模量与压实度的转换关系,可为路面设计与施工提供合理的依据。     

考虑公交接驳的地铁网络韧性评估及故障修复策略

地铁网络突发重大事故后,通常会启动公交接驳疏散滞留乘客。提出衡量网络性能的网络效率可达性指标,考虑地铁站点发生故障后公交接驳对乘客的紧急疏散作用。基于网络效率可达性指标构建韧性评估模型,提出多故障下以韧性最大化为目标的修复策略,并以上海市地铁网络为例进行实例研究。研究结果表明,单个站点发生故障后启动公交接驳可使网络性能损失降低5.1%;占网络站点总数2.14%的多个站点发生故障后启动公交接驳可使网络性能损失降低13.48%;多故障下相比基于站点度、介数、脆弱性等评估得到的修复序列,基于韧性评估得到的最优修复序列可使网络性能累积损失降低2.86%。此外,研究发现在公交接驳场景下,当地铁网络中多个站点发生故障后,优先修复客流量大、站点周边线路稀疏、失效后造成影响大且修复时间短的站点,有助于降低网络性能的累积损失。     

震后可恢复功能桥梁结构之摇摆桥梁研究综述

大震不倒,且震后无需修复或者稍加修复就能恢复正常使用功能理念的震后可恢复功能桥梁结构是桥梁地震工程研究的热点之一.同时具有控制损伤和自复位能力的摇摆结构,是实现结构可恢复功能的一种有效途径.对摇摆桥梁结构的研究历程与进展进行了较为系统的梳理和总结.首先介绍了摇摆结构的起源及其在桥梁工程的应用,然后针对摇摆桥梁结构的研发...     

Adaptation planning for climate-resilient urban infrastructures

This paper analyzes the interdependency across two critical infrastructures of transportation and motor fueling supply chains, and investigates how vulnerability to climatic extremes in a fueling infrastructure hampers the resilience of a transportation system. The proposed model features both a bi-stage mathematical program and an extension to an ‘α-reliable mean-excess’ regret model. The former aspect allows decision makers to optimize the pre-disaster asset prepositioning against the maximum post-disaster system resilience. The latter aspect of the proposed model devalues the impact of ‘low-probability, high-cost’ sub-scenarios upon model results. The model reveals the reliance of post-disaster urban mobility on the interdependent critical infrastructure of motor fueling supply chains. The results also suggest how investment in the fueling infrastructure’s vulnerable elements protects urban mobility while the transportation network is stressed or under attack.     

Community Perceptions of a World Heritage Nomination Process: The Ningaloo Coast Region of Western Australia

The remote Ningaloo Coast region, the location of Australia's largest fringing coral reef, was designated as World Heritage (WH) in 2011 based on its outstanding natural values. In the past, the WH nomination process predominantly involved experts and state officials. More recently, local community involvement has become a required part of the process, representing a move toward participatory governance that can potentially influence WH designation. Understanding community perceptions of the WH nomination process provides insights into the consequences of community involvement. Interviews were conducted with key local community members involved in the Ningaloo Coast WH nomination. Interviews focused on the perceptions and experience of the nomination process and local meanings of WH designation. Results indicated that while there was support for WH designation, the nomination process was seen as controversial. Community involvement was dominated by local political and social concerns, mistrust, misinformation, and perceived unfairness. Concerns were influenced by past and current government actions and decision-making in the region. The article identifies some challenges associated with local community involvement in a WH nomination process. These challenges raise questions about participatory governance and how local community's engage in the WH nomination process for coastal regions identified by experts as globally significant.     

新疆自然环境条件对公路建设的影响及其对策

结合新疆特殊的自然环境条件,深入研究新疆地貌、水文、气温、土壤、植被、常见自然病害等自然环境条件的区域差异及其对公路建设的影响,阐述相关的工程经验及治理措施,为新疆地区的公路建设提供引导和依据。     

Spatial and temporal variability in the pelagic ecosystem of the East Sea (Sea of Japan): A review

The East Sea (Sea of Japan) is a unique marginal sea because it exhibits features of oceanic dynamics of much larger ocean basins. This semi-enclosed basin may be considered as a model or microcosm for understanding of how biological processes and distributions in pelagic ecosystem are interacting with physical processes in highly dynamic ocean regions. This overview summarizes the recent progresses concerning spatial and temporal variability of pelagic ecosystem components form an interdisciplinary point of view. Spatial characteristics of physical environments and biogeography in the region are distinguished mainly by the subpolar front. It was also found that long-term changes in biomass and community structure as well as those in the physical and biological environments are associated with climate variability in the region. We conclude by identifying main needs for the information and researches, particularly regular and long-term sampling, and permanent monitoring if possible.     

路基无机结合料处治深度的确定方法

文章基于特征点弯沉等效原理,采用弹性层状体系和有限元方法,模拟刚性承载板的加载模式,以处治土路基顶面回弹模量满足规范要求为原则,引入公路重要性和施工变异性系数,给出了路基无机结合料处治深度的确定方法,并针对不同公路等级给出了路基处治深度的建议值。