浅埋暗挖小净距隧道应力集中现象分析

研究目的:小净距隧道暗挖施工中,由于邻近导洞之间土柱应力集中,影响其安全状态和邻近后行隧道的施工,并影响到先行隧道的安全,严重的还可能造成周边建筑物、地中管线等设施的破坏。因此,对浅埋暗挖小净距隧道应力集中现象进行分析,对保证施工安全十分重要。研究结论:本文结合宣武门车站小净距群洞暗挖施工,通过实测数据分析应力集中现象,量化了群洞施工时中间土柱的应力应变效应,分析了土柱沉降规律、土压力变化特征,监测结果显示:(1)相邻导洞中土柱体中间部位沉降值最大,达到-14.8 mm,是其他区域的1.1～2倍,土柱体的沉降与土压力的关系和理论分析吻合,表明该部位产生明显的应力集中;(2)后行隧道对先行隧道产生微小的拉力作用。同时,按照开挖面与监测点的距离,对土柱沉降规律和土压力变化规律进行阶段划分,为采取措施降低应力集中现象提供依据。     

亚硒酸钠对小鼠脾细胞DNA合成的影响

本文通过1次和多次给小鼠不同剂量的亚硒酸钠,以~3H-TdR掺入脾细胞DNA为指标,同时进行全血硒浓度测定,观察了补硒对小鼠体内细胞DNA合成的影响以及与血硒浓度的关系。结果表明:①亚硒酸钠对脾细胞DNA合成呈双相作用,低剂量促进其合成,高剂量则产生毒性抑制作用,毒性作用短暂、可逆,与1次大剂量有关。②多次给硒,最终血硒浓度与毒性作用之间不呈正相关。③补硒的单次剂量和方式影响稳态血硒浓度水平。     

高填方涵洞地基及路堤受力、变形机理试验研究

由高填方涵洞工程目前的设计施工以及运营现状提出存在的问题,依托汾离高速公路进行了精心的试验工程,研究分析了高填方涵洞工程中的拱顶填土、两侧边坡、涵洞结构和地基的相互受力变形机理及破坏形式,提出了相应的设计施工新措施。     

Dynamic anti-plane interaction between an impermeable crack and a circular cavity in an infinite piezoelectric medium

Wave propagation in an infinite elastic piezoelectric medium with a circular cavity and an impermeable crack subjected to steady-state anti-plane shearing was studied based on Green＇s function and the crack-division technique. Theoretical solutions were derived for the whole elastic displacement and electric potential field in the interaction between the circular cavity and the impermeable crack. Expressions were obtained on the dynamic stress concentration factor （DSCF） at the cavity＇s edge, the dynamic stress intensity factor （DSIF） and the dynamic electric displacement intensity factor （DEDIF） at the crack tip. Numerical solutions were performed and plotted with different incident wave numbers, parameters of piezoelectric materials and geometries of the structure. Finally, some of the calculation results were compared with the case of dynamic anti-plane interaction of a permeable crack and a circular cavity in an infinite piezoelectric medium. This paper can provide a valuable reference for the design of piezoelectric actuators and sensors widely used in marine structures.     

出海闸复合基础的力学特性研究

通过对出海闸的整体有限元数值计算(计入复合基础的底板、桩与土的共同作用),计算其结构的位移场及应力场.结论是复合基础底板与单一基础底板的内力、位移在大小、分布、控制工况及危险点上完全不同.由于桩基对底板的作用,基础底板出现应力集中为该复合基础的明显特征.     

双面V形角焊缝焊接细节热点应力集中系数

该文以某钢桁结合梁斜拉桥为研究背景,基于外推法和Dong氏法,研究了双面V形角焊缝焊接细节热点应力集中效应,确立了热点应力计算方法,分析边界条件、网格划分对热点应力集中系数的影响。结果表明:边界条件对计算结果影响不明显,网格划分密度对计算结果影响较大,需予以重视。     

厚壁圆筒最佳配筋方式的研究

为了提高混凝土厚壁圆筒的极限承载力,引入功能梯度材料思想,通过沿钢筋混凝土厚壁圆筒径向方向布置不同方式的配筋,使厚壁圆筒具有功能梯度特性。设计了3种不同的配筋方式,使用ANSYS有限元模拟软件,对外壁受有径向均布荷载作用的钢筋混凝土厚壁圆筒应力状况进行数值模拟研究,通过对比3种不同配筋方式的应力状况,得到了为改善厚壁圆筒应力状态的最佳配筋方式。     

Geometric stress distribution along the weld toe of the outer brace in two-planar tubular DKT-joints: Parametric study and deriving the SCF design equations

Regarding the research efforts expended so far on the calculation of stress concentration factors (SCFs) in tubular joints, two major shortcomings can be noted: (a) significant effort has been devoted to the study of SCFs in various uni-planar connections. Nevertheless, for multi-planar joints which cover the majority of practical applications, very few investigations have been reported due to the complexity and high cost involved; (b) majority of these research works focused on the study of SCFs at certain positions such as the saddle, crown toe, and crown heel, and they have ignored the hot-spot stress (HSS) at other positions along the weld toe. In the present paper, effects of dimensionless geometrical parameters on the SCF distribution along the weld toe of main (outer) braces in the axially loaded right-angle two-planar tubular DKT-joints are investigated. In order to study the multi-planar effect, SCF distribution in two-planar joints is compared with the distribution in a uni-planar joint having the same geometrical properties. A complete set of SCF database is constructed based on the two-planar DKT-joint Finite element models which are verified against experimental results and the predictions of Lloyd’s Register (LR) equations. The FE models cover a wide range of geometrical parameters. Six new SCF parametric formulae are developed through nonlinear regression analyses for the accurate and reliable fatigue design of two-planar DKT-joints under axial loads. An assessment study of these equations is conducted against the experimental data, the original FEM database and the acceptance criteria recommended by the UK Department of Energy.     

基于信息系统的体系作战中对火力“集中”问题的定量分析研究

针对基于信息系统的体系作战中的火力集中问题,建立了常规作战条件下的数据模型,采用定量与定性分析相结合的方式,得出了体系作战中火力的最优化分配方式。     

等壁厚钢管桩横向焊缝应力集中系数的数值模拟

大型海洋工程结构多常用钢管桩,在钢管桩的制作和安装过程中通常会产生环向对接焊缝,由管节偏位引起的环向焊缝应力集中现象是焊缝疲劳热点应力评估和焊缝疲劳安全分析的重要影响因素.通过实用近似分析方法,研究在轴向拉力和平面内弯矩单独作用下等壁厚对接焊缝应力集中间题,得出等壁厚拉弯构件对接焊缝应力集中系数的近似计算公式;根据对钢...