冷藏集装箱内冷藏食品干耗问题的研究

对冷藏集装箱内冷藏食品的干耗问题进行了研究,从理论上分析了冷藏食品的干耗机理;并具体分析了冷藏食品本身的特性、箱内冷藏环境及外界环境三个方面的因素对冷藏集装箱内冷藏食品干耗的影响;最后提出了降低冷藏集装箱内食品干耗的一些具体措施.研究结果对于解决冷藏集装箱内冷藏食品的干耗问题有实际的指导意义.     

集装箱船的大型化开发及其引发的问题

首先概要介绍近年来世界集装箱船大型化的发展，接着分析指出，远洋运输成本低廉是集装箱船大型化发展的驱动力，然后提出大型化发展中出现的3个问题值得讨论。第一个问题是大型化发展受港口航道水深、码头装卸机械等条件制约。第二个问题是设计制造超大型集装箱船的主机不易。最后一个问题是，为解决超大型集装箱船的巨量货物的“集疏运”，必须开发电子信息技术。作者最后提出，21世纪初对大型集装箱船的箱量定位应为8000标准箱。     

航空集装物资机场廊桥式转运装卸系统方案设计探讨

分析了航空货物机场地面转运及装卸保障装备的发展现状,针对存在的问题,提出了研发将航空货物机场地面转运与装卸一体保障的廊桥式转运装卸系统,阐述了其结构组成、工作原理、总体技术方案及使用方式,将有助于改进航空货物机场地面保障模式,提高航空货物转运装卸保障速度与效率。     

集装箱码头送箱集卡预约与场桥调度协同优化

针对送箱集卡随机到港引起的场桥作业不均衡,以及高峰时段场桥资源紧缺、集装箱码头拥堵等问题,构建送箱集卡预约与场桥调度协同优化的二层规划模型.上层目标为集卡在闸口的排队等待时间、预约集港导致集港时段调整的集卡数及所有预约时段未完成作业量所需的场桥时间最小,下层目标为每个预约时段未完成作业量所需的场桥时间最小.设计并行遗传算法求解模型,并以天津东方海陆集装箱码头为例进行算例分析.结果表明,预约集港能够降低集卡在闸口的排队等待时间,且送箱集卡预约和场桥调度的协同优化比独立决策更有利于提高集港效率.     

江苏省港口集装箱运输现状分析及优化建议

从江苏省港口集装箱运输现状着手,针对江苏省各港口既有发展目标,从运输的经济性、可靠性、系统性等方面．提出江苏省未来集装箱港口发展格局和优化建议。     

Examining quick delivery at an affordable cost by the NSR/SCR-combined shipping in the age of Mega-ships

ABSTRACT

The Mega-ships, the maximum containerships represented by 20,000TEU-class (LOA:400m, Breadth: 60m, Draft: 16m) which are able to transit both the Malacca Strait and the Suez Canal, have emerged in 2013, aiming at lower shipping cost by economy of scale. At the same time, they inevitably increased port calls in a rotation to collect more cargo demand, resulting in the longer transit time than ever before. Taking this trend into account, the authors proposed the quick delivery scenario between East Asia and Northwest Europe by the NSR (Northern Sea Route)/SCR (Suez Canal Route)-combined shipping, of which 4,000 TEU ice-class containership transits the NSR during the summer season and the SCR in the wintertime, based on a year-round scheduled operation. The quick delivery scenario gives the shorter transit time at an affordable shipping cost depending on the NSR navigable season length. However, the quick delivery scenario cannot avoid uncertainties in navigation especially via the NSR in the summer season, due to rough weather, sea ice, low visibility and icing in the icy water section of the NSR. The authors preliminarily concluded that a year-round scheduled operation of the NSR/SCR-combined shipping will be secured, if the practical navigation schedule is appropriately prepared.     

A simulation model for gate operations in multi-purpose cargo terminals

ABSTRACT

A multi-purpose cargo terminal in a seaport contains necessary infrastructure to handle different types of cargo, such as container, dry bulk, general bulk, and Ro-Ro. Since such terminals generally have dedicated areas and equipment for different types of cargo, berth, and yard operations for each type of cargo can be considered separate. On the other hand, trucks that carry all types of cargo use the same gate structure to enter and leave the terminal. Therefore, a method to superimpose the traffic that is caused by different types of cargo is needed for the planning of gate investments and operations. Consequently, this paper has developed a simulation model for a multi-purpose terminal to estimate the gate traffic and determine the necessary gate infrastructure, so that it can be used as a decision support tool for terminal planners and operational managers.     

Testing port choice models using physical and monetary data: a comparative case study for the Spanish container trades

ABSTRACT

Transport costs are useful explanatory variables in port choice research. Nevertheless, the availability of such information usually poses a problem. Thus, the formulation of an alternative approach, to be used as a proxy of these variables, would be desirable. The objective of this study is to improve the analysis of container port choice using logit models by adopting physical non-monetary indicators based on maritime distance and ship size. The statistical tests of logit models on port choice using these new variables are compared with the result of using cost variables for the same data set of choice positions. The statistical outcome is good and allows us to present this new approach as a contribution to the literature on port choice modeling.     

Modelling and optimisation of online container stacking with operational constraints

Container transportation plays a critical role in the global shipping network and container terminals need to improve their operations to increase efficiency. Storage yard of a container terminal is a temporary area where the containers stay until they are shipped to their next destination. We concentrate on increasing the efficiency of the storage yard by developing online stacking policies for each incoming container. An unproductive move of a container, performed to reach another container stored underneath, is called reshuffling. The objective in container stacking problem is to minimise the number of reshuffles, thereby increasing the efficiency of terminal operations. Additional weight-related operational constraints bring additional complexity to the online stacking decisions. We propose a mathematical model for the optimal online assignment of an incoming export, transit, import or empty container. We also propose an optimal online stacking policy and compare it with a random policy through simulation. Additionally, lower bounds for the performance measures are obtained through simulation by relaxing the operational constraints of the problem in a third stacking policy. We present and discuss the computational results in terms of four main performance measures.     

港口岸边集装箱起重枫的防风保护

随着国际航运船舶的大型化,岸边集装箱起重机（以下简称岸桥）的外形尺寸和迎风面积、风作用高度、风力矩也随之增大了许多,成为港口生产安全运行的最大隐患之一。对岸桥典型风灾事故案例作了分析,详细介绍了岸桥常用的各种防风装置和用这些装置保证岸桥安全的办法,可供参考。