舰艇声纳技术的发展动向与分析

舰艇声纳技术在现代战争中发挥着越来越重要的作用。论文介绍了舰艇声纳技术的发展历程以及装备的研制、改进情况，指出了在现代战争中发展舰艇声纳技术的优势和重要性，重点探讨了几种舰艇声纳技术的性能及其特点，最后论述了舰艇声纳技术的发展动向与分析。     

Fatigue damage calculation for oil tanker and container ship structures

The fatigue behaviour of longitudinal stiffeners of oil tankers and container ships, subjected to dynamic loads, is analysed. The following dynamic load components are considered: hull girder vertical wave bending moment, alone and combined with the horizontal wave bending moment, hydrodynamic pressure and inertial forces caused by cargo acceleration.

The spectral method was selected to calculate the fatigue damage, based on S—N curves and Miner's rule. Following this approach, the fatigue damage may be calculated as a function of a stress parameter Ω_p, which represents the cumulative effect of wave induced loads in the unit of time and incorporates the combined effects of stress level and its occurring frequency.

Simple formulas for Ω_p of oil tankers and container ships are given, obtained from the results of hydrodynamic analyses performed on several ships, in different wave environments.

Several examples show the applicability of the methods to real ship structures. The method, however, still needs to be calibrated because of the simplifying hypotheses introduced in the loading conditions.     

钛合金材料在舰艇中的应用及需求分析

文章总结了钛合金材料在舰艇中的应用情况,分析了钛合金材料应用于舰艇的特点和应用前景,提出了船用钛合金材料研制的发展方向。     

紧迫危险不可避免碰撞操船决策自动生成方法

针对紧迫危险操船决策具有特殊性及一般性的特点,介绍了特征完全匹配的案例推理(CBR)原理及方法设计,重点论述了紧迫危险操船决策案例库的建立、案例库的算法表示形式及基于特征CBR的操船决策自动检索与生成机制.借助船舶智能操控仿真测试平台开展仿真实验,验证了方法的可行性.它是船舶智能避碰决策支持系统的组成部分,对船舶航行安全及航海模拟器培训教学具有理论研究与实际应用价值.     

散装化学品船舶运输安全管理策略

在水路运输中,散装化学品会对人员、环境所造成严重的污染与危害,本文从船舶、船员配置,船公司管理,海事监督管理三个方面着手,提出了散装化学品船舶运输中的若干安全管理策略。     

肥大型船整流附体的性能研究

肥大型船从船舯到船艉,船体的横剖面形状及其面积变化剧烈,从而导致在桨盘面处产生"钩"状或"兔耳"状的舭涡,通过加装整流附体的方式来改善桨盘面处的伴流分布,对于螺旋桨的减震降噪、螺旋桨推进效率的提高是一种有效的措施。基于CFD技术,在准确预报了某肥大型船伴流场的基础上,参考流经桨盘面的三维流线绕船体分布的特点,分别设计了螺旋桨前置导管、补偿导管和整流鳍,预报并分析了各附体对船体尾流场的影响,分析了整流附体的工作机理,比较了工作于各附体伴流场中螺旋桨的效率。计算结果显示,加装整流附体后,桨盘面处的舭涡消失了,并且三种附体对螺旋桨的效率都有显著的提升。     

船舶自动识别系统的检查

对船舶自动识别系统的内容、功能、配备要求作了简要阐述,对AIS系统实际检查作简要分析。     

Formulating cargo inventory costs for liner shipping network design

This study examines how to incorporate the inventory costs of containerized cargoes into existing liner service planning models such that the designed networks could be improved while not causing extra modeling/computational burden. Two approaches are compared: (i) not considering the inventory costs at all and (ii) incorporating the inventory costs associated with onboard time and those related to transshipment by assuming a fixed connection time. The two models are compared with the ideal model capturing the exact inventory costs on a route choice problem and a capacity planning problem based on extensive randomly generated and practical numerical experiments. The results show that: first, ignoring the inventory costs in service planning models may lead to network design with much higher costs (poor network design decisions); second, in service planning models assuming weekly frequency, the inventory costs associated with onboard time could be formulated exactly, and those related to the connection time of weekly services could be approximated by assuming fixed connection time of 3.5 days for ports with 1 day’s minimum connection time and 4.5 days for ports with 2 days’ minimum connection time.     

基于MATLAB的舰船辐射噪声信号小波消噪处理

针对舰船辐射噪声信号的特点提出了小波消噪的方法,对小波消噪理论作了简要的阐述,并设计了一种消噪方案,最后利用MATLAB,在计算机上选用不同的小波基和阈值进行了实船信号的消噪处理试验,并对结果进行了简单的分析比较。试验结果表明,在选择了合适的小波基和阈值的情况下,利用小波变换的方法对舰船辐射噪声进行消噪处理可以取得良好的效果。     

基于领航者的船舶无源协调编队控制研究

  目的  由于速度测量值不可直接使用,因此针对有界环境干扰下的船舶编队控制问题,提出一种基于有限时间观测器（FTO）分布式编队的有限时间控制方法。  方法  首先,仅根据船舶的位置信息,设计一种FTO以观测其速度状态;然后,在领航信息仅局部已知的通信结构下,利用观测值和齐次法设计多船分布式编队的有限时间控制律,实现多艘船舶在有限时间内跟踪期望航迹并同时保持期望队形;最后,根据齐次性理论和李雅普诺夫稳定性判据,证明整个闭环系统的误差信号在有限时间内收敛。  结果  仿真结果验证了所提出的有限时间编队控制方法相比于传统渐近收敛的编队控制方法,可以为多船编队提供更快的收敛速度、更高的控制精度以及更强的抗干扰能力。  结论  研究结果可为多船编队的控制提供借鉴。