Island Villagers’ Willingness to Work or Pay for Sustainability of a Marine Fishery Reserve: Case of San Miguel Island,Philippines

Establishment of marine reserves or marine protected areas (MPAs) has emerged as a major coastal resource management tool in the Philippines. A major sustainability constraint is the enforcement of MPA and fisheries regulations. We contribute to the literature of using stated preference methods to investigate the local residents’ willingness to work (WTW) and willingness to pay (WTP) for the continued existence of the San Miguel Island (SMI) fishery reserve in Bicol Region, Philippines. We surveyed 435 respondents in three villages. The lower-bound mean WTW is 3.5 days/mo for residents in the “owner” village and 1.9 days/mo for residents in adjacent villages. Using a fraction of mean daily income to impute the monetary equivalent of WTW, the result is more than 3 times higher than the Php16 to 25/mo (US$0.34 to 0.75/mo) estimated mean WTP. We hypothesize that labor market in this rural village is incomplete so residents have stronger preference for money than for time. However, further investigation on the opportunity cost of time and understanding the labor market is warranted when using WTW in a valuation framework. Some policy implications are: (1) considering use of voluntary labor as management option for MPAs and (2) establishing “own village” MPAs may increase residents’ conservation value.     

基于ERM的轮机长综合评价体系的研究

文章以ERM理念为基础确立了评价指标,以情景意识和公司安全文化意识为依据对轮机长的综合素质进行分析。各个指标权重的确立是采用全方位专家调查问卷结合层次分析法,再利用模糊综合评价的方法建立评价模型,完成了一套轮机长综合评价体系。最后,用VB6.0编程并用其进行实例验证。文章提出的轮机长综合素质评价指标体系模型的研究更加全面,对航运企业的轮机长评价具有重要的借鉴意义。     

Freeway drivers’ willingness-to-pay for a distance-based toll rate

This paper applies the contingent valuation method to investigate and estimate the toll rate that freeway drivers are willing-to-pay (WTP) for each unit of distance they travel, after switching from per-entry based to distance-based tolling system. Due to a large portion of respondents who are unwilling to pay a toll at all, we adopt the spike model to avoid estimation errors. The estimation results show that average willingness to pay toll is TWD¹ 0.86/km, which can be refined further to TWD 0.81/km for short distance travelers, TWD 0.93/km for medium distance travelers, and TWD 0.97/km for long distance travelers. Additionally, the WTP toll rate of short distance travelers is significantly different on public holidays but not during peak hours. In contrast, the WTP toll rates of medium and long distance travelers significantly different during peak hours but not on public holidays.     

清单计价模式下施工企业工程项目成本控制

实施工程量清单计价后，工程造价的费用组成发生了变化，施工项目的成本组成也发生了相应的变化，故对施工项目成本控制的方法也需要做一定程度的调整。     

部分信息下的欧式未定权益定价及套期保值策略

假设证券价格变动满足一般意义下的泛函随机微分方程，给出了依据证券交易价格对欧式未定权益定价及相应套期保值策略的计算方法．     

条件价值评估法在城市轨道交通社会效益评估中的应用

城市轨道交通的社会效益具有间接性和不易量化的特点,目前的评估方法只能对其中可量化的有形效益进行定量估算,而不能估算其中难以量化的无形效益。尝试用条件价值评估法对上海市轨道交通远期规划的社会效益进行评估,其评估结果的有效性通过了计量经济学验证。评估结果表明,上海市轨道交通系统远期规划的社会效益约为每年82～102亿元。     

缓倾角层状边坡变形破坏机制及整治措施

以国道108线广(元)南段公路缓倾角层状边坡的变形和失稳破坏为典型结构,在滑坡区岩体结构、水文地质条件、岩体水力学特征、滑坡形态特征和滑坡运动学特征等综合分析基础上,重点讨论了滑坡变形破坏的模式及产生的主要控制因素,并对滑坡进行了稳定性综合评价。在此基础上,对不同整治措施的技术可行性及经济指标进行比较分析,提出了经济、合理、有效的整治方案。     

城市轨道交通枢纽设施适应性评价仿真系统框架设计

根据乘客在枢纽内的主要活动,将枢纽设施分为出入口区域、售检票区域、换乘区域、上下车站台区域和辅助活动区域等五种设施类型.在设施分类的基础上,建立了枢纽设施布局适应性评价指标体系.按照3条主线、3种客流、5个区域,将指标划分为枢纽集散性指标、乘客个体性指标、乘客群体性指标、设施功能性指标、设施应用性指标和设施可靠性指标等...     

The distribution of crowding costs in public transport: New evidence from Paris

Whilst congestion in automobile traffic increases trip durations, this is often not the case in rail-based public transport where congestion rather leads to in-vehicle crowding, often neglected in empirical studies. Using original survey data from Paris, this article assesses the distribution of comfort costs of congestion in public transport. Estimating willingness to pay for less crowded trips at different levels of in-vehicle passenger density we cannot reject a simple linear relationship between crowding costs and density. We apply our results to the cost-benefit analysis of a recent Parisian public transport project.     

高速公路房建工程工程量清单计价规则探析

针对高速公路房建工程工程量清单的计价规则,从其编写目的和意义、具体内容、涉及的计量与支付等方面予以阐述,以期完善和丰富高速公路工程项目建设内容,使其他行业逐步融入到高速公路主体工程的建设管理中来。