Neural based contingent valuation of road traffic noise

In this paper, we present a new approach to value the willingness to pay to reduce road noise annoyance using an artificial neural network ensemble. The model predicts, with precision and accuracy, a range for willingness to pay from subjective assessments of noise, a modelled noise exposure level, and both demographic and socio-economic conditions. The results were compared to an ordered probit econometric model in terms of the performance mean relative error and obtained 85.7% better accuracy. The results of this study show that the applied methodology allows the model to reach an adequate generalisation level, and can be applicable as a tool for determining the cost of transportation noise in order to obtain financial resources for action plans.     

清单计价模式下业主的风险及防范

在阐述工程量清单计价和项目风险管理基本涵义的基础上，系统论述工程量清单计价模式下，在工程建设的设计、招投标、施工、竣工结算各个阶段业主面临的风险因素和防范风险应采取的措施，对于业主在工程量清单计价模式下对工程造价进行有效控制具有重要的指导意义。     

客运专线工程总价包干工程量清单计价模式下的投资控制

建设工程实行工程量清单计价已是大势所趋,在总价包干工程量清单计价模式下,客运专线建设如何有效控制工程投资,对建设单位来说是最值得关注和探讨的问题。此文在阐述工程总价包干工程量清单计价模式的特点、控制投资的基本思想和原则、控制投资的难点和重点的基础上,针对甬台温客运专线建设的特点,提出健全机构、完善制度、落实责任、加强管理,加强设计管理和对施工图的审查及审核力度,把握政策、严格控制征地拆迁费用,优化施工方案,适时进行概算清理,加强合同管理等对策和措施,取得了一定的效果,节约了工程投资。     

Idling stop fines for exceeding legal idling times – From the driver’s perspective

In order to reduce CO₂ emissions from motorised transport, the Taiwanese government implemented an idling policy for vehicles in 2012. This paper applies a contingent valuation framework based on stated preference questions to calculate a reasonable fine for idling vehicles based on drivers’ preferences in Taiwan. Drivers were surveyed at urban roadsides to determine the amount of money they would prefer to pay for idling in excess of the 3 min currently allowed by law. The results obtained from our spike model analysis showed that drivers would prefer to pay a fine of 1720 NTD (approximately USD 57).     

基于模糊综合评判法的防空兵群指挥机关人员素质评估

分析了防空兵群指挥机关人员素质的影响因素,运用模糊综合评判法,构建了防空兵群指挥机关人员素质评估模型,为科学评估指挥机关人员素质提供了一种方法。     

公路交通行业工程量清单计价方法研究

阐述了工程量清单的定义和特点以及在我国的应用情况,介绍了国际经验,对比分析了工程量清单计价与定额计价的区别,剖析了我国公路交通行业工程计价的现状及存在的问题,系统研究了公路交通行业工程量清单的计价流程和主要指标,对综合单价指标等关键指标的计算方法进行了重点研究,通过引入价格指数,利用已知的各期价格指数,根据数理统计模型推导出第t期的价格指数,从而计算出第t期的综合单价.分析了公路清单计价优势和实现的基础,研究提出了公路清单计价实现路径大致分为3步:第1步构建统一的计量规则和编码体系,第2步出台公路清单计价编制办法,第3步构建清单数据库;并重点研究了构建清单数据库的路径和方法,最后提出了下一步工作建议.     

The Value of a Statistical Life in a Road Safety Context — A Review of the Current Literature

Abstract

This paper summarizes the state-of-the-art for assessing the value of a statistical life (VSL) as a component of the costs of road accidents. It focuses on the most popular approaches for assessing the VSL, with respect to its theoretical foundations, current state-of-research and empirical evidence. Our paper also provides a first (to our knowledge) compendium of results for the VSL based on Stated Choice (SC) methods. Among the analysed alternatives, the willingness-to-pay (WTP) appears to be the leading approach for assessing the VSL and the SC methods represent the current state-of-the-art for determining the WTP for non-market goods. We conclude that the SC approach overcomes some of the most important shortcomings of the alternative approaches and offers a significant flexibility that can be used to address its own limitations. We also identify a significant need for research, as a gap between the methods employed in research (SC methods) and the state-of-the-practice (other methods) has emerged.     

白车身质量的评价指标与评价方法

以车身开发的实践为基础，提出了白车身质量的评价指标，探讨了各指标的具体内容；对用AUDIT对白车身质量进行评价的方法进行了详细的阐述。     

市场信息价值及其影响因素分析

通过建立一个博弈模型。分析了市场信息价值的评估及其影响因素之间的关系，得出了3个结论：(1)市场需求的变化程度越大，信息的价值越大；(2)产品的替代程度越大，信息的价值越大；(3)企业的相对规模越大，信息的价值越大．