Total cost analysis: An alternative to benefit-cost analysis in evaluating transportation alternatives

This paper explains the theory in support of total cost analysis (TCA) to compare transportation system alternatives. The full costs of each alternative are first aggregated, including travel time costs and monetizable environmental and social costs. Many costs which are considered on the benefits side of the equation in benefit-cost analysis (BCA) as "cost savings" are brought over to the costs side. Total cost differences among alternatives are then traded off against their estimated non-monetized benefits or impacts, just as a consumer trades off product quality against cost before deciding which product he or she will buy. One advantage of TCA over traditional BCA is that the concept of "total cost" is more easily understood by the public and by political decision-makers than BCA concepts such as "net present worth", "benefit-cost ratio" and "internal rate of return". A second advantage is that there is no suggestion that all "benefits" have been considered; decision-makers are free to use their own value judgements to trade off total cost against non-monetizable social, environmental and economic impacts, just as they trade off quality and convenience against cost when purchasing goods and services in their roles as consumers. The TCA approach is demonstrated in this paper through a case study of two systemwide alternatives for the Baltimore, MD urban area.     

合安高速公路路面工程机械化施工管理

简述了合安高速公路路面工程机械化施工的机械合理配置、优化组合和有效的管理制度，对路面质量、工程进度和经济效益的直接影响。     

基于WEB技术的工程管理信息系统开发

基于WEB技术开发的工程管理信息系统可以适应工程建设参建单位众多、工程跨越的时间长、空间大、人员流动性高等待点，随着计算机技术和互联网应用的普及，该系统应用方便、成本低、效率高，具有显著的比较优势和应用价值。以厦门市路桥建设投资总公司最新开发完成的工程管理信息系统为基础，介绍基于WEB技术的工程管理信息系统开发思路。     

人事管理信息系统的开发与应用

介绍了人事管理信息系统的开发方法、系统功能与特点,实现了对人事管理各项工作及相关信息的全面、统一管理,提高了工作效率与管理水平。     

交通渠化理论及应用研究

交通渠化作为一种从空间分离交通流的手段 ,是一种投资少、工期短、效果好的交通组织方式。从交通渠化的原则出发 ,系统研究各种具体的渠化方法 ,并结合其在广州市中心区的实际应用 ,对交通渠化理论及其应用进行研究和分析 ,并指出交通渠化的发展趋势     

高速公路路面养护管理系统开发和研究

在考虑当前路况的基础上，又考虑路龄的使用性能预测模型，预测的结果更为快速准确。探讨高等级公路道路养护管理决策系统和经济分析方法，提出了改进优劣系数法，该方法充分利用了专家经验知识，减小了决策误差。开发了高速公路路面养护管理辅助决策系统，建立高速公路基本数据库，由系统自动进行路面使用性能评价分析，并利用专家知识系统得出推荐养护方案，系统投入运行后反响良好。该养护管理系统的建立和实施进一步提高和改善了江苏省高等级公路的使用管理和养护管理模式，为高等级公路早日实现网级化系统管理奠定基础。     

GIS技术在公路建设管理中的应用研究

针对公路建设的发展以及工程项目管理发展的要求,介绍了道路CAD技术、地理信息系统(GIS)技术、数据库技术、网络技术在公路建设项目管理过程中的应用以及如何借助GIS的图形处理功能、信息表现及其空间分析功能对公路建设过程中的各工程实体的工程信息、计划进度、质量监理、费用管理等进行可视化表现和分析,规范和方便建设项目的科学管理,从而为公路建设的管理者和决策者提供直观、可靠、及时和有效的管理手段,便于作出相应的决策。     

桥梁施工进度控制GERT网络仿真研究

根据GERT网络特点,引入计算机仿真技术,研究了桥梁施工进度控制模拟仿真网络模型GERTS,通过网络要素的节点和活动仿真,提出了产生规定分布随机数的中值平方法、中值乘法、线性同余法,建立了GERTS计算机模拟网络模型,结合实桥钻孔桩施工网络仿真,编制了仿真网络的计算机程序并进行了模拟分析,其仿真工期都在150d上下波动,随着程序运行次数的增多,该结果越来越接近工期理论计算值150d,仿真效果符合工程实际规律,结果表明:GERT仿真网络是控制桥梁施工进度的一种有效方法。     

CM模式在我国城市轨道交通项目管理中的应用

为探索城市轨道交通建设项目管理模式,本文在揭示了目前城市轨道工程特点及存在主要矛盾的基础上,介绍了新型CM建设管理模式的特征和优点;分析了在我国城市轨道交通建设领域采用CM模式的必要性和可行性,提出了推行CM模式的相应方案和步骤。     

Bus Priority Using pre-signals

The need to provide efficient public transport services in urban areas has led to the implementation of bus priority measures in many congested cities. Much interest has recently centred on priority at signal controlled junctions, including the concept of pre-signals, where traffic signals are installed at or near the end of a with-flow bus lane to provide buses with priority access to the downstream junction. Although a number of pre-signals have now been installed in the U.K., particularly in London, there has been very little published research into their design, operation and optimisation. This paper addresses these points through the development of analytical procedures which allow pre-implementation evaluation of specific categories of pre-signals. The paper initially sets out three categories of pre-signal, which have different operating characteristics, different requirements for signalling and different impacts on capacity and delay. Key issues concerning signalling arrangements for these categories are then discussed, together with a summary of the analytical approach adopted and the assumptions required. Equations are developed to allow appropriate signal timings to be calculated for pre-signalised intersections. Further equations are then developed to enable delays to priority and non-priority traffic, with and without pre-signals, to be estimated with delay being taken here as the key performance criterion. The paper concludes with three application examples illustrating how the equations are applied and the impacts of pre-signals in different situations.The analyses confirm the potential benefits of pre-signals, where these signals apply to non-priority traffic only. Where buses are also subject to a pre-signal, it is shown that disbenefits to buses can often occur, unless bus detectors are used to gain priority signalling.