真3维公路设计错误检测算法的研究与实现

由于真3维公路设计与传统2维公路设计的差异,如何在真3维的环境中进行设计错误的检测,至关重要。文章针对该问题,利用数学理论进行了2种检测方法的研究,从编程和精度角度分析其优缺点,利用线段长度比较的方法对平面线设计错误进行检测,达到了很好的应用效果,并能够在进行线位调整的同时,自动给出错误的检测结果,为真3维公路设计提供了参考。     

制造企业物流外包决策的临界效应

分析了在制造企业的物流外包过程中存在的临界点和临界效应．在临界点前后，制造企业的经济效益急剧增加或减少，出现物流外包的临界效应．用系统论中的“白箱”模型描述物流外包决策的临界效应．投入要素包括物流外包总成本、制造企业所能提供的物流服务水平以及内部的物流管理能力．外包总成本按外包比例确定，服务水平分解为供应比率、按时配送能力和灵活性指数，内部物流管理能力用德尔菲法确定。产出要素指企业的整体经济效益．用系统分析的方法确定投入产出要素之间的相互作用，用邹氏检验法确定并验证临界点．     

钻孔灌注桩极限承载力研究

结合静载试验，根据桩土之间相互作用，利用弹性力学、土力学、数值计算等相关理论，对钻孔灌注桩的极限承载力开展研究，给出了临界深度的计算公式，提出了确定钻孔灌注桩的极限承载力的计算公式，并按公式计算了钻孔灌注桩的极限承载力，结果与静载试验相吻合。     

高速铁路基本走向决策方法和模型

分析了高速铁路基本走向方案比选特点，应用较为成熟的AHP主观赋权法作为指标权重分配计算方法，运用多目标决策分析原理，综合多种系统评价方法提出了一种高速铁路基本走向决策方法，并建立了优选模型，决策者可以根据具体情况灵活地进行方案的评价与排序，使方案决策具有针对性。实践证明该决策方法和模型能利用全部信息，排序结果能够比较客观地符合高速铁路基本走向选择的实际情况。     

Non-steady state modelling of wheel-rail contact problem for the dynamic simulation of railway vehicles

This paper deals with the solution of the non-steady state wheel-rail contact problem. Firstly, the existing models are analysed and it is concluded that none of them have the computational efficiency and/or accuracy characteristics required to be used in a railway simulation programme. Following this, a new solution is proposed to the problem that allows obtaining sufficiently accurate results with a relatively low computational cost. During the development of the proposed method it has been assumed that only one type of creepage is variable with respect to the time. Further work is necessary to extend it to more general cases.     

内燃机黑色金属零件磨损状态判别研究

以对内燃机运行状态具有重要影响的黑色金属零件磨损为研究对象,对其磨损状态进行判别研究。运用欧氏距离分类法区分黑色金属零件磨损"正常"、"异常"2类状态,对该方法表现出的分类准确率不高的问题,运用支持向量机方法进行了解决,实例表明,支持向量机方法在内燃机运行状态监测中更为准确可靠,分类正确率可达100%。     

列流线偏移描绘自动化

基于图论理论分析了列流图的组成特性,以解决列流线折点自动搜索问题.提出列流线折点搜索算法和列流线偏移描绘算法.采用基于节点信息表绘制列流图.开发了列流图自动生成数据库系统.用实例表明了算法及软件有效性和可行性.     

A Closed Form Solution to Segment 3D Motion Using Straight-line Optical Flow

A closed form solution to the problem of segmenting multiple 3D motion models was proposed fromstraight-line optical flow. It introduced the multibody line optical flow constraint (MLOFC), a polynomial equation relating motion models and line parameters. The motion models can be obtained analytically as the derivative of the MLOFC at the corresponding line measurement, without knowing the motion model associated with that line. Experiments on real and synthetic sequences were also presented.     

Deriving macroscopic fundamental diagrams from probe data: Issues and proposed solutions

Well-defined relationships between flow and density averaged spatially across urban traffic networks, more commonly known as Macroscopic Fundamental Diagrams (MFDs), have been recently verified to exist in reality. Researchers have proposed using MFDs to monitor the status of urban traffic networks and to inform the design of network-wide traffic control strategies. However, it is also well known that empirical MFDs are not easy to estimate in practice due to difficulties in obtaining the requisite data needed to construct them. Recent works have devised ways to estimate a network’s MFD using limited trajectory data that can be obtained from GPS-equipped mobile probe vehicles. These methods assume that the market penetration level of mobile probe vehicles is uniform across the entire set of OD pairs in the network; however, in reality the probe vehicle market penetration rate varies regionally within a network. When this variation is combined with the imbalance of probe trip lengths and travel times, the compound effects will further complicate the estimation of the MFD.To overcome this deficit, we propose a method to estimate a network’s MFD using mobile probe data when the market penetration rates are not necessarily the same across an entire network. This method relies on the determination of appropriate average probe penetration rates, which are weighted harmonic means using individual probe vehicle travel times and distances as the weights. The accuracy of this method is tested using synthetic data generated in the INTEGRATION micro-simulation environment by comparing the estimated MFDs to the ground truth MFD obtained using a 100% market penetration of probe vehicles. The results show that the weighted harmonic mean probe penetration rates outperform simple (arithmetic) average probe penetration rates, as expected. This especially holds true as the imbalance of demand and penetration level increases. Furthermore, as the probe penetration rates are generally not known, an algorithm to estimate the probe penetration rates of regional OD pairs is proposed. This algorithm links count data from sporadic fixed detectors in the network to information from probe vehicles that pass the detectors. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm is very effective. Since the data needed to apply this algorithm are readily available and easy to collect, the proposed algorithm is practically feasible and offers a better approach for the estimation of the MFD using mobile probe data, which are becoming increasingly available in urban environments.     

基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的船舶SCR脱硝系统状态估计

如今，选择性催化还原法(SCR)是船舶尾气脱硝的主流方法。为了实现SCR脱硝系统的闭环控制，准确获取系统各个状态变量的值十分重要。但是其中的氨覆盖率θNH3无法直接用传感器测量，即存在不可测的问题。并且，由于受到实际运行时的噪声影响，NH3和NOx浓度传感器的测量值并不精确。考虑到扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)算法能减弱噪声、实现状态变量的最优估计，设计了基于3状态SCR脱硝系统模型的EKF状态观测器。为了考察该观测器的性能，在船舶柴油机排气参数剧烈变化的工况下进行仿真试验。结果表明，该EKF观测器的估计值与参考值的吻合度十分良好。