斜腹式、鱼腹式箱梁剪应力计算

针对目前应用越来越广泛的斜腹式、鱼腹式箱梁,阐述了其剪应力计算不同于矩形截面梁的地方,并指出其剪应力计算不符合传统的矩形截面梁剪应力计算的假定。针对上述问题,分别采用平面梁单元和空间块体单元对拟定的斜腹式、鱼腹式箱梁截面的剪应力进行计算对比。结果表明,采用传统的矩形截面梁的剪应力计算公式来计算斜腹式、鱼腹式箱梁腹板上的剪应力,结果将有较大的误差。为此,提出了腹板抗剪有效厚度的概念,为斜腹式、鱼腹式箱梁剪应力计算提供了一个简便的、可行的方法。     

透水沥青路面技术在水泥混凝土路面改造中的应用

该文以上海市奉贤区环城东路水泥混凝土路面改造为透水沥青路面的工程实例,从选材与配合比,路面与排水管施工,以及橡胶沥青封层的特点与作用,介绍了透水沥青路面及橡胶沥青应力吸收层技术的应用,可供同行参考。     

桩网复合地基桩身受力特性模型试验

以某沿海铁路软土地基处理工程为依托,对桩网复合地基桩身受力特性进行了室内模型试验,得出了桩身轴力随着路堤填土荷载的增加而增大,随着桩间距的加大,桩身中性点下移;桩土应力比随着路堤填土荷载的增加而增大,随着桩间距加大明显增大等结论,为工程设计提供了理论参考依据。     

三主桁斜边桁空间桁架公铁两用桥节点局部应力分析

郑州黄河公铁两用桥主桥采用无竖杆的三主桁斜边桁的空间桁架形式,其节点构造及受力复杂,为了解该新型节点板处结构的局部受力,采用有限元软件对该主桥第2联有代表性的典型节点(E20)进行局部应力分析,并探讨局部模型边界处理方式对计算结果的影响。计算结果表明:在荷载组合仅考虑主力组合情况下,与节点E20相连的各构件的Von Mises应力较大,但未超过Q370qE钢材屈服强度的要求,结构强度满足安全需要;仅以整体分析得到的变形或内力作为局部分析模型的边界条件进行局部受力分析,所得结果与利用圣维南原理计算得到的结果有较大偏差;应当严格按照圣维南原理的要求进行局部边界条件施加才能得到合理的结论。     

基于有限元法的混凝土梁桥沥青铺装结构力学分析

以高速公路混凝土梁桥沥青混凝土桥面铺装为研究对象,以弹性力学为理论基础,采用ANSYS有限元软件建立了混凝土梁桥沥青混凝土桥面铺装整体结构模型,将实体子午线轮胎模型运用到桥面铺装结构分析中,同时考虑了轴重和胎压对结构受力的影响,研究了多因素条件下混凝土梁桥沥青混凝土桥面铺装结构的应力敏感性,为复合桥面铺装结构设计提供参考依据。     

复合桥面铺装结构动力学仿真分析

以高速公路混凝土梁桥沥青混凝土桥面铺装为研究对象,以弹性力学为理论基础,采用LSDYNA有限元软件建立了混凝土梁桥沥青混凝土桥面铺装整体结构模型,研究车辆在不同行驶速度、汽车制动以及道路纵坡等不同条件下,混凝土梁桥沥青混凝土桥面铺装结构的应力敏感性,为复合桥面铺装结构设计提供参考依据。     

基于弯曲应变能的纤维沥青混凝土抗裂性能评价方法

沥青混合料常采用低温小梁弯曲试验来评价其低温抗裂性,其中抗弯拉强度、弯拉应变和弯曲劲度模量被用作表征沥青混合料低温性能的重要指标。通过室内试验揭示,以上三个指标并不能单独准确地反映沥青混合料的低温抗裂性能。借用弯曲应变能密度临界值这一概念,采用能量法对不同掺量下的纤维沥青混合料的低温抗裂性能进行重新分析、评价,能较好地反映纤维沥青混凝土的抗裂性能,同时也对这一指标进行了验证分析。研究结论认为,采用弯曲应变能密度临界值作为纤维沥青混凝土的低温抗裂性能评价指标是合理、可行的。     

等效波的散货船舱口角疲劳评估应力组合方法(英文)

The stress combination method for the fatigue assessment of the hatch corner of a bulk carrier was investigated based on equivalent waves.The principles of the equivalent waves of ship structures were given,including the determination of the dominant load parameter,heading,frequency,and amplitude of the equivalent regular waves.The dominant load parameters of the hatch corner of a bulk carrier were identified by the structural stress response analysis,and then a series of equivalent regular waves were defined based on these parameters.A combination method of the structural stress ranges under the different equivalent waves was developed for the fatigue analysis.The combination factors were obtained by least square regression analysis with the stress ranges derived from spectral fatigue analysis as the target value.The proposed method was applied to the hatch corner of another bulk carrier as an example.This shows that the results from the equivalent wave approach agree well with those from the spectral fatigue analysis.The workload is reduced substantially.This method can be referenced in the fatigue assessment of the hatch corner of a bulk carrier.     

Research on the dynamic buckling of a typical deck grillage structure subjected to in-plane impact Load

The dynamic buckling of the main deck grillage would result in the total collapse of the ship hull subjected to a far-filed underwater explosion. This dynamic buckling is mainly due to the dynamic moment of the ship hull when the ship hull experiences a sudden movement under impact load from the explosion. In order to investigate the ultimate strength of a typical deck grillage under quasi-static and dynamic in-plane compressive load, a structure model, in which the real constrained condition of the deck grillage was taken into consideration, was designed and manufactured. The quasi-static ultimate strength and damage mode of the deck grillage under in-plane compressive load was experimentally investigated. The Finite Element Method (FEM) was employed to predict the ultimate strength of the deck grillage subjected to quasi-static in-plane compressive load, and was validated by comparing the results from experimental tests and numerical simulations. In addition, the numerical simulations of dynamic buckling of the same model under in-plane impact load was performed, in which the influences of the load amplitude and the frequency of dynamic impact load, as well as the initial stress and deflection induced by wave load on the ultimate strength and failure mode were investigated. The results show that the dynamic buckling mode is quite different from the failure mode of the structure subjected to quasi-static in-plane compressive load. The displacements of deck edge in the vertical direction and the axial displacements are getting larger with the decrease of impact frequency. Besides, it is found that the dynamic buckling strength roughly linearly decreased with the increase of initial proportion of the static ultimate strength P₀. The conclusions drawn from the researches of this paper would help better designing of the ship structure under impact loads.     

推土机六向铲刀头的动力应力分析

应用专用运动动力学分析方法对4种典型计算工况下的推土机六向铲刀头进行了运动动力研究,得到了刀头各计算点处的约束反力;并研究了4种工况下六向铲刀头的应力,进行了详细的强度分析.结果表明,各工况下刀头均有3处应力超过了材料的强度极限,会造成相应位置的开裂现象.