SWD6LTM410C船用柴油机拉缸故障的分析与排除

文章结合SWD6LTM410C船用柴油机,阐述了拉缸的现象、产生的机理及可能的原因,提出了故障排除的方法,并针对类似故障在柴油机日常维护管理中应注意的问题进行总结。     

基于时间累计法的机车维修性预计分析

基于时间累积法,阐述机车维修性预计工作流程以及系统与LRU平均修复时间的计算方法。并以空调与通风系统为例,说明了系统及LRU平均修复时间的计算过程,并由此得出整车的平均修复时间。文章最后阐述了维修性预计对机车设计的指导作用以及使用时间累积法的局限性。     

T梁桥绳锯切割拆除方案优化研究与数值模拟分析

为了研究先简支后连续的T梁桥的整体切割拆除关键技术,以三洲沧江拆除工程为研究背景,结合大桥实际情况制订了针对性的大桥上、下部结构整体拆除施工方案。验证了采用2台80t汽车吊分别站位于旧桥左右幅,将左幅旧桥各跨8片独立的T梁分别进行吊运的绳锯切割拆除方法为最优方案。以典型的简支T梁桥结构为例,采用有限元模型分析了拆除工程中T梁桥的力学性能变化。针对三洲沧江大桥的下部结构特点,特别对水上桥墩的拆除方案进行了数值分析,并对钢抱箍平台上拆除盖梁的方案进行了仿真模拟,验证了下部结构拆除方案的可操作性。本桥梁绳锯切割拆除工程的优化方案及关键技术的应用为相似桥梁切割拆除工程提供一定的参考。     

Adhesion estimation at the wheel–rail interface using advanced model-based filtering

The railway industry in the UK is currently expanding the use of condition monitoring of railway vehicles. These systems can be used to improve maintenance procedures or could potentially be used to monitor current vehicle running conditions without the use of cost prohibitive sensors. This paper looks at a novel method for the online detection of areas of low adhesion in the wheel/rail contact that cause significant disruption to the running of a network, particularly in the autumn season. The proposed method uses a Kalman–Bucy filter to estimate the creep forces in the wheel–rail contact area; post-processing is then applied to provide information indicative of the actual adhesion level. The algorithm uses data that, in practice, would be available from a set of modest cost inertial sensors mounted on the vehicle bogie and wheel-sets. The efficacy of the approach is demonstrated using simulation data from a nonlinear dynamic model of the vehicle and its track interface.     

Fault classification method for the driving safety of electrified vehicles

A fault classification method is proposed which has been applied to an electric vehicle. Potential faults in the different subsystems that can affect the vehicle directional stability were collected in a failure mode and effect analysis. Similar driveline faults were grouped together if they resembled each other with respect to their influence on the vehicle dynamic behaviour. The faults were physically modelled in a simulation environment before they were induced in a detailed vehicle model under normal driving conditions. A special focus was placed on faults in the driveline of electric vehicles employing in-wheel motors of the permanent magnet type. Several failures caused by mechanical and other faults were analysed as well. The fault classification method consists of a controllability ranking developed according to the functional safety standard ISO 26262. The controllability of a fault was determined with three parameters covering the influence of the longitudinal, lateral and yaw motion of the vehicle. The simulation results were analysed and the faults were classified according to their controllability using the proposed method. It was shown that the controllability decreased specifically with increasing lateral acceleration and increasing speed. The results for the electric driveline faults show that this trend cannot be generalised for all the faults, as the controllability deteriorated for some faults during manoeuvres with low lateral acceleration and low speed. The proposed method is generic and can be applied to various other types of road vehicles and faults.     

新建结构与运营地铁车站接驳关键技术

以深圳地铁新建3号线老街站换乘综合体与运营地铁车站接驳工程为实例,对运营车站临时加固防护、分部切割既有结构、新旧结构接驳等关键技术展开论述。提出运用金刚石绳锯与金刚石水钻相结合的一种静力切割工艺,很好地解决了该工程作业环境复杂、技术要求高、风险大等难题,安全、高效地完成了新建结构与运营地铁车站接驳工程。     

铁道车辆轴箱弹簧断裂故障对动力学性能的影响

车辆运行过程中,当轴箱弹簧突发断裂故障,会造成动力学状态和性能突变,一系悬挂刚度突然减小,暂时失去承载能力,会威胁车辆行车安全。结合整车的动力学仿真,建立了轴箱弹簧断裂过程的力学模型,对整个断裂过程进行仿真,模拟了轴箱弹簧突然断裂工况下车辆动力学性能变化,分析了轴箱弹簧断裂条件下车辆直线行车安全性以及曲线通过安全性。计算分析结果表明:轴箱弹簧突然断裂导致一系悬挂刚度剧变,引起轮轨垂向力先减小后增大,轮重减载率、脱轨系数等参数增大直至超限,但对轮轨横向力影响不大。     

丰田卡罗拉轿车转向困难故障分析

本文主要介绍一部2012款卡罗拉电动转向系统(EPS)的构造,工作原理,分析该车出现转向困难,组合仪表上P/S警告灯亮起故障的原因,并提出解决故障的方法。     

故障树分析与危险源日志的结合

主要介绍故障树分析方法,并结合工作经验讲述如何将故障树分析结果与危险源日志进行对应链接,从而清晰、形象的为危险源的来源提供有力证据,规范项目技术风险管理。     

盾构直接切除大直径桩基的试验与工程实践

为研究盾构直接切削大直径桩基的可行性、评价滚刀和切刀的切桩性能、获取盾构切桩的关键掘进控制参数，进行盾构直接切削大直径桩基的模型试验。研究结果表明： 1)盾构切除大直径桩基宜采用“低推进速度，高转速”的磨桩方式，刀盘推进速度建议取3~5 mm/min，刀盘转速建议取1.0~1.2 r/min； 2)滚刀对混凝土的切削效果较好，切刀对钢筋的切削效果较好； 3)混凝土强度越高，滚刀对钢筋的切割效应越好； 4)滚刀切桩时，刀盘轴向振动作用明显，在低推进速度和低转速下，其刀盘的振动小于切刀切桩时刀盘的振动; 5)切刀切桩时，刀盘环向振动强烈，在高推进速度下刀盘易卡顿，提高转速可减少刀盘卡顿。