Heavy duty vehicle rollover detection and active roll control

This paper presents the results of a comprehensive study on heavy-duty vehicle (HDV) roll stability improvement technology. The proposed rollover threat warning system uses the real-time dynamic model-based time-to-rollover (TTR) metric as a basis for online rollover detections. Its feasibility for implementation in a HDV rollover threat detection system is demonstrated through vehicle dynamic simulation studies. The research on the development of a rollover threat detection system is further enhanced in combination with an active roll control system using active suspension mechanism to improve heavy-duty trucks’ roll stability both in the static cornering and in emergency maneuvers. It has been demonstrated that the roll stability of typical heavy-duty trucks has been largely improved by the proposed active safety monitoring and control system.     

Fault-tolerant control of heavy-haul trains

The fault-tolerant control (FTC) of heavy-haul trains is discussed on the basis of the speed regulation proposed in previous works. The fault modes of trains are assumed and the corresponding fault detection and isolation (FDI) are studied. The FDI of sensor faults is based on a geometric approach for residual generators. The FDI of a braking system is based on the observation of the steady-state speed. From the difference of the steady-state speeds between the fault system and the faultless system, one can get fault information. Simulation tests were conducted on the suitability of the FDIs and the redesigned speed regulators. It is shown that the proposed FTC does not explicitly worsen the performance of the speed regulator in the case of a faultless system, while it obviously improves the performance of the speed regulator in the case of a faulty system.     

高精度模态应变能法结构损伤检测研究

基于摄动理论,通过考虑结构参数修改量高阶项的影响,推导了基于单元模态应变能的结构损伤评估方法;数值仿真结果表明,在结构多种损伤情况下,损伤定位准确、程度评估可靠,具有实际应用价值。     

地震及列车振动荷载下的地铁震害特点及防治

地震及地铁列车振动荷载在一定情况下会对地铁造成破坏甚至使其功能丧失,产生严重的后果。因此,必须对地铁的抗震研究予以足够的重视。介绍了近年来这方面的研究成果,包括在地震及列车振动荷载作用下地铁车站、区间隧道及地铁地基破坏的形式、特点及防治措施。     

负温混凝土冻害及防冻模型的探讨

通过分析温度对混凝土的损伤机理,尤其是混凝土冻害机理,发展了抗冻临界强度理论和早期结构形成学说,从微观角度定性地描述了负温混凝土防止早期冻害所要形成的结构为抗冻临界界面结构。     

探地雷达数值模拟及其在隧道检测中的应用

利用时域有限差分(FDTD)方法,对隧道工程检测中常见检测目标进行数值模拟,分析脱空、单层钢筋、双层钢筋等目标体的探地雷达反射信号图像特征,并对隧道检测中的雷达信号图像采用遗传算法进行反演,引入目标相关系数用于反演结果全局寻优,实现对多次反射的压制,降低浅部钢筋反射信号对识别深部目标体的影响。通过对数值模拟结果进行反演,证明该方法理论上的有效性,并结合工程实践中的应用效果,说明该方法的优点与局限性。     

基于渗流场变化的基坑止水帷幕缺陷

止水帷幕存在缺陷一直是基坑工程中的重大风险,若能在基坑开挖前判断出止水帷幕缺陷的位置,便能预先采取加固堵漏措施,可避免基坑开挖时的风险。局部渗漏必然会引起附近渗流场的变化,利用有限元软件ABAQUS分别对缺陷的长度、深度以及土体渗透性与帷幕外侧渗流场分布规律的关系进行研究,得出不同工况下缺陷对渗流场分布的横向和竖向影响范围变化规律,证明了根据流速变化判别缺陷存在及位置、规模的可行性。提出采用声纳法可对土体中渗流场分布进行检测,进而可根据渗流场分布判别出缺陷的规模与位置。通过工程实践,验证了研究结论及声纳法检测技术的准确性,为轨道交通深基坑工程止水帷幕缺陷判别提供指导和借鉴方法。     

基于双T滤波器的城市轨道交通列车电缆绝缘检测方法研究

城市轨道列车车载电缆是其整个电力系统中传输和分配电能以及传输信号控制信息的重要设备,电缆的绝缘状态对列车安全可靠运行有重要影响。传统绝缘检测装置都未考虑到电磁干扰对绝缘检测的影响,列车运行环境中严重的电磁干扰易造成绝缘在线监测系统数据的波动大及工作不稳定的问题,为此提出基于双T滤波器的列车电缆绝缘检测新方法。此方法不仅可以提高电缆绝缘检测精度,而且还可以适应列车复杂噪声信号干扰环境,保证设备稳定运行。     

基于冲击回波法识别无砟轨道混凝土结构中的蜂窝伤损深度研究

为了研究高速铁路无砟轨道混凝土结构相继出现不同程度的伤损问题,借助于有限元软件ANSYS LSDYNA 3D数值模拟冲击回波,研究应力波在轨道板中的传播速度和传播规律,采用冲击回波法识别轨道板中蜂窝伤损的深度。研究结果表明:应力波在蜂窝伤损和砂浆界面发生反射,在频谱图中形成不同峰值,通过频谱伤损定位原理可以确定出轨道板中蜂窝伤损的具体深度。