集装箱港区排队缓冲区交通设计研究

通过分析研究国内外集装箱港区排队缓冲区形式,提出了排队缓冲区分类方法以及功能组成结构,并在大型车辆外廓尺寸和转弯半径研究基础上,创新性地对减速换道功能区、临时等候功能区和排队检查功能区的交通设计内容及方法展开研究。     

斜拉索锚板方位对斜拉桥索塔节段应力分布影响的数值模拟分析

针对实际索塔的锚块锚面倾斜和索塔节段足尺试验模型锚块锚面位于铅锤面的不同之处,以及试验中只施加索力的水平分力而实际索塔节段中索力并非位于水平面的事实,文章用线弹性有限元法数值模拟分析了两者在应力分布方面的异同。结果表明:对于该索塔足尺节段在设计荷载作用下两者的应力分布差别较小,但是当荷载大于设计荷载时,两者不论在应力分布规律还是应力数值上随着荷载的增大差别越来越大。     

Assessment of the influence of the elastic properties of rail vehicle suspensions on safety,ride quality and track fatigue

A sensitivity analysis has been performed to assess the influence of the elastic properties of railway vehicle suspensions on the vehicle dynamic behaviour. To do this, 144 dynamic simulations were performed modifying, one at a time, the stiffness and damping coefficients, of the primary and secondary suspensions. Three values were assigned to each parameter, corresponding to the percentiles 10, 50 and 90 of a data set stored in a database of railway vehicles. After processing the results of these simulations, the analysed parameters were sorted by increasing influence. It was also found which of these parameters could be estimated with a lesser degree of accuracy in future simulations without appreciably affecting the simulation results. In general terms, it was concluded that the highest influences were found for the longitudinal stiffness and the lateral stiffness of the primary suspension, and the lowest influences for the vertical stiffness and the vertical damping of the primary suspension, with the parameters of the secondary suspension showing intermediate influences between them.     

斜拉桥地震响应分析中比例阻尼参考振型的选取

为了研究比例阻尼参考振型选取对斜拉桥地震响应分析结果的影响,应用考虑结构阻尼比分布影响的振型应变能比例阻尼理论,选取不同Rayleigh阻尼比参考振型进行了比较分析。根据反应谱的概念提出了一种比例阻尼参考振型选取的重要度指标,应用应变能比例阻尼理论得到振型阻尼比,将其作为已知条件,以杭州湾跨海大桥北航道桥设计方案(斜拉桥)为背景,研究了比例阻尼参考振型选取的重要度指标及其适用性。结果表明:大跨度斜拉桥阻尼比组成复杂,各阶振型的阻尼比差别较大,分布很不均匀,很难利用少数几个参考振型的阻尼比全面反映斜拉桥的阻尼比特性。     

Fatigue design for plug/ring type gas welded joints of sts301l including welding residual stresses

This paper presents a fatigue design method for plug and ring type gas welded joints, which incorporates welding residual stress effects. A non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) was first performed to simulate the gas welding process. The numerically predicted residual stresses of the gas welds were then compared to experimental results measured using a hole drilling method. In order to evaluate the fatigue strength of the plug and ring type gas welded joints, a stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R taling the welding residual stress of the gas weld into account was introduced and is based on a modified Goodman equation incorporating the effect of the residual stress. Using the stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R , the ΔP-N _f relations obtained from fatigue tests for plug and ring type gas welded joints having various dimensions and shapes were systematically rearranged into (σ _a ) _R -N _f relations. It was found that the proposed stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R could provide a systematic and reasonable fatigue design criterion for the plug and ring type gas welded joints.     

Multi-objective optimization of quarter-car models with a passive or semi-active suspension system

A systematic methodology is applied in an effort to select optimum values for the suspension damping and stiffness parameters of two degrees of freedom quarter-car models, subjected to road excitation. First, models involving passive suspension dampers with constant or dual rate characteristics are considered. In addition, models with semi-active suspensions are also examined. Moreover, special emphasis is put in modeling possible temporary separations of the wheel from the ground. For all these models, appropriate methodologies are employed for capturing the motions of the vehicle resulting from passing with a constant horizontal speed over roads involving an isolated or a distributed geometric irregularity. The optimization process is based on three suitable performance criteria, related to ride comfort, suspension travel and road holding of the vehicle and yielding the most important suspension stiffness and damping parameters. As these criteria are conflicting, a suitable multi-objective optimization methodology is set up and applied. As a result, a series of diagrams with typical numerical results are presented and compared in both the corresponding objective spaces (in the form of classical Pareto fronts) and parameter spaces.     

高原冻土区隧道施工地下水防治探讨

通过对高原冻土区隧道特殊的工程、水文地质及环境条件分析认为,隧道施工对温度场、应力场和地下水流场产生较大的影响。在此基础上,提出采用超前地质预报、连通试验等技术,并结合昆仑山隧道、风火山隧道、达坂山隧道等工程实践,对高原冻土区隧道施工地下水防治措施进行了有益的探讨。     

杭州湾跨海大桥南航道桥钢锚箱施工技术

杭州湾跨海大桥南航道桥为A形独塔双索面钢箱梁斜拉桥,索塔锚固区采用混凝土结合钢锚箱结构,此结构形式在我国尚属新工艺。文章主要介绍了南航道桥钢锚箱安装施工工艺、施工难点及解决措施。结果表明,其轴线偏位、高程、垂直度等全部满足规范要求。     

斜坡式防波堤堤心石动力特性试验研究

我国现行规范规定防波堤堤心材料为重量10～100 kg之间的块石,但实际工程往往很难达到这一重量范同的标准.如果利用重量范隔更大(如:1-800 kg)的块石作为堤心石,对整个斜坡堤的正常工作影响如何,同前国内对这方面的研究较少.因此,结合深水斜坡堤的丁程实例,利用模型试验,对不同重量范围的堤心石进行动力特性方面的研究.初步结论认为,1～800 kg块石作为堤心石,其动水压强较10～100 kg的值大,而静水压强较小.     

舰船水下爆炸鞭状运动中的阻尼效应

舰船在水下爆炸气泡脉动压力作用下将产生鞭状运动冲击响应。为了掌握冲击响应的衰减规律,建立了舰船结构、设备、水舱内流体和外部流体等在振动和晃荡过程中的阻尼效应动力学模型,并编写程序对是否考虑上述阻尼效应的舰船鞭状运动响应进行了数值计算。研究结果表明,对于具有相对较大质量的内部设备和水舱的舰船来说,上述阻尼效应对舰船水下爆炸鞭状运动的衰减起到重要的作用,如不予以考虑有可能造成对舰船鞭状运动响应幅值的高估。