艰险山区铁路长大坡道铺轨施工技术研究

郑万铁路重庆段沿线地形复杂、线路桥隧多、长大坡道段较多,给长钢轨运输、铺设造成严重的安全隐患,带来一系列施工难题。针对长大坡道铺轨施工风险和难题,从牵引机车优化配置、长轨列车装载加固、长轨列车对位和钢轨解锁等方面开展研究,并对研究成果进行现场应用验证。研究结果表明:综合考虑运行牵引质量、启动牵引质量上限、制动力和制动距离对不同坡度段进行牵引机车优化配置,不同坡度段的牵引机车配置完全满足施工要求;通过对长轨支架进行加固和长钢轨锁定,保证了长钢轨运输的安全;长钢轨铺设过程中,通过加强铺轨对位作业的现场指导和管理,同时利用自主研发的长钢轨防溜装置,从而确保了长大坡道铺轨的安全。     

Age related annual crash incidence rate ratios in professional drivers of heavy goods vehicles

ObjectivesEvidence concerning crash risk for older heavy vehicle drivers is sparse, making it difficult to assess if it is prudent to encourage older drivers to remain in the workforce in a climate of labour shortages. The objective of this study was to estimate annual crash rate ratios of older male heavy vehicle drivers relative to their middle aged peers.MethodsData utilized in this study includes all crashes meeting inclusion criteria involving heavy goods vehicles, categorised as rigid trucks and articulated trucks; this data was recorded by the New South Wales Roads and Traffic Authority. The exposure to the risk of a crash was represented by distance travelled for each vehicle type and year, by age of driver, as estimated by the Australian Survey of Motor Vehicle Use. Negative binomial regression modelling was applied to estimate annual crash incidence rate ratios for male drivers in various age groups.ResultsA total of 26,146 crashes occurred in New South Wales during 1999–2006, involving a total of 54,191 vehicles; removing observations that did not meet the inclusion criteria, 19,736 observations remained representing 12,501 crashes. For rigid trucks, the incidence rate ratio for drivers aged 65+ years, compared to 45–54 year olds, was 0.74 (95% CI 0.51, 0.98). For articulated trucks, the annual crash incidence rate ratio for drivers aged 65+ years compared to 45–54 year olds was 1.4 (95% CI 0.96, 1.9), and that for drivers aged 55–64 years compared to 45–54 year olds was 1.1 (95% CI 0.83, 1.3).ConclusionsOlder male professional drivers of heavy goods vehicles have lower risk of crashes in rigid vehicles, possibly due to accrued driving experience and self-selection of healthy individuals remaining in the workforce. Thus, encouraging these drivers to remain in the workforce is appropriate in the climate of labour shortages, as this study provides evidence that to do so would not endanger road safety.     

弄福屯危岩体发育特征及稳定性分析

百色市凌云县弄福屯危岩体发现已久，近年来多次发生零星崩塌掉块现象，严重威胁山下村民的生命财产安全。通过工程地质调查，查明了弄福屯危岩体发育区的工程地质特征，分析了危岩体形成的原因、破坏方式及主要影响因素。根据其破坏方式分别进行稳定性计算，评价危岩体的稳定性并提出治理措施。     

浅论危险货物申报员和集装箱装箱检查员资质管理制度的建立

危险货物申报员和集装箱检查员的监管是加强集装箱危险货物运输管理的重要环节。建立资质管理制度，将其纳入法制管理轨道，是充分发挥其作用的保障。     

关于渤海湾危险货物滚装运输的探讨

文中分析了渤海湾危险货物滚装运输发展的现状，论述了制约危险货物滚装运输的主要因素，提出了相应的改进建议和加强监督管理的措施     

海上危险货物运输的法律问题

海上危险货物运输中,托运人和承运人对于危险货物承担的义务和责任具有一定的特殊性,论文通过分析我国《海商法》的有关规定并结合国内外的有关案例,阐述相关的法律问题。     

关于做好危险货物运输车辆维修管理工作的思考

阐述了做好危险货物运输车辆维修管理工作应采取的措施,确保安全运输,保障人民群众生命财产安全。     

孔外延期网路在隧道侧穿危楼爆破中的应用研究

为解决在单孔单段起爆时因普通导爆管雷管段数的限制需分次起爆的问题,针对隧道近距离侧穿危楼爆破开挖时提出一种新的起爆网路,即利用20段普通导爆管雷管进行多组之间的孔外延期,同时利用3段普通导爆管雷管在每组内部之间进行孔外延期。现场试验表明,该起爆网路可以使起爆次数从原来的5次降至2次。且现场振动监测数据显示,振速峰值与原来分次爆破的振速峰值基本处于同一水平,振速平均峰值较原起爆网路提高5%,并未发现有振动叠加的现象。     

基于物联网技术的船舶危险品运输监控系统设计

随着我国工业经济的快速发展,对于能源以及相关化工原料的需求也越来越大。船舶运输虽然使沿江城市经济得到快速发展,但也带来了很多问题。本文围绕船舶危险品运输所存在的问题,提出基于物联网技术的船舶危险品监控系统,对监管系统中所涉及的RFID技术、GPS等进行介绍及设计。本文提出的危险品运输监控系统可有效降低船舶危险品在运输过程中的风险,并在最大程度上避免事故的发生,因而具有非常重要的实际意义。     

太原西山大佛危岩体综合加固技术

太原西山大佛开凿于北齐文宣帝时期,迄今已有1400余年,是目前所知世界上最早的大型石刻佛像。由于独特的地质构造和地层岩性,在自然应力、地震作用、自然风化及人类活动等因素的影响下,岩体结构松散,整体性差,造成大佛四肢残缺、躯体破碎。针对大佛病害现状,分析病害机理,提出了预应力锚索、锚杆框架、槽钢梁及截排水沟等综合措施加固。工程完工已两年多,取得了很好的治理效果。