地铁AFC系统数据库设计、维护和优化

介绍上海地铁六号线AFC系统中央数据库选型、设计及应用,阐述AFC系统数据序维护的实现方法和优化策略,以达到AFC系统数据库技术性能及稳定性不断提高的目的.     

物流联盟的形成机理与协作博弈研究

近年来,随着信息技术和电子商务的飞速发展,物流模式不断变革,物流联盟应运而生.本文从经济学和系统学的角度对物流联盟的形成机理进行了分析.本文在协作博弈模型中引入风险偏好,分析了物流企业风险厌恶程度、联盟协同效应和各种成本系数等因素对物流企业投入和联盟协作的影响.分析表明,物流企业自营成本系数和合作成本系数对物流企业合作意愿影响较大,此外,运营成本和风险厌恶感较低的物流企业有更强的合作意愿,为了激励物流企业的积极性,应给予物流企业以适当的奖励和分成.所以,物流联盟应结合实际情况制定相应的准入制度和恰当的奖励制度.最后,给出一个例子验证了相关结论.     

高铁客运站旅客导向标识系统优化算法研究

高速铁路的快速发展,对客运站旅客导向标识系统提出更高的要求.由于高速铁路客运站的功能和布局比较复杂,为了更好地为旅客提供便捷、高效的服务,本文根据高铁客运站运营管理实际需求,采用智能优化算法对旅客导向标识系统进行优化设计.首先,以区域诱导信息量最大为目标,建立了旅客导向标识布设位置选择模型;其次,进行退火-遗传算法设计并求解,找到了较优的布设位置;最后,以北京南站地下一层的导向标识系统为例进行实例分析,并且与遗传算法标识位置的布设相比较,验证了退火-遗传算法的可行性和有效性,为高速客运站导向标识系统的优化设计提供了科学依据.     

客车空气悬架结构件参数化设计系统研究

将产品级参数化设计方法和实例推理技术运用到客车空气悬架设计中,分析了并构建了空气悬架的产品级参数化模型。在UG平台上,建立了典型客车空气悬架实例库及其参数化模板,通过UG二次开发工具设计界面,在Visual C++环境中结合COM组件与Access 2007数据库技术,开发了客车空气悬架的结构件参数化设计系统。通过实例介绍了参数化设计过程,建立客车空气悬架的参数化模型,结果验证了该参数化设计系统的有效性。     

Overview of public transport policy developments in South Africa

Public transport in South Africa is one of the most burning issues in the transport sector. The government is faced with huge public pressure to improve public transport systems in the face of rising fuel costs, the pending implementation of expensive urban toll road systems in the Gauteng province, and elsewhere in urban environments, public transport safety issues, public transport fleet renewal, especially the commuter rail services, as well as limited resources to fund public transport. As a developing country, the South African Government has pressing funding issues such as funds needed to improve housing for the poor to improve schooling and public health services. Government is also faced with a vocal minibus taxi industry that transports an estimated 65% of all commuters in the country that is also insisting on subsidies for its services.     

基于ST-MRF的自适应车辆跟踪算法研究

可靠的车辆跟踪是实现交通事件自动检测的重要前提,车辆跟踪中的车辆相互遮挡则是影响车辆跟踪结果的关键因素.为了解决这一难题,文中提出一种基于ST-MRF模型的自适应车辆跟踪算法.在ST-MRF模型中,把图像分成块,将相邻图像间的块通过它们的矢量联系起来,建立运动序列图像的时空马尔可夫随机场模型并且构造其相应的能量耗费函数,然后利用松弛算法实现目标地图最小化能量计算,从而解决车辆跟踪中的遮挡问题.实验结果表明,跟踪不遮挡的车辆时达到的跟踪成功率为95%,遮挡情况时成功率也可达到91%.通过实验得出以下结论:基于ST-MRF模型的自适应车辆跟踪算法能在交通量比较大,且车辆出现相互遮挡的情况下,能较准确地获得车辆跟踪数据.为以后的交通事件检测提供重要的数据基础.     

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为提高通勤者使用公交出行的比例,有效缓解城市交通拥堵,对应用智能公交系统数据(Advanced Public Transportation Systems,APTS)获得公交通勤出行需求的方法进行研究.采集APTS数据,通过对公交IC卡数据和智能调度系统数据的关联获得公交乘客的上车站点信息.根据早、晚高峰的出行频率判断公交通勤乘客,利用通勤出行的时间和空间特征确定居住地点和工作地点.以此基本思路,提出公交卡乘客通勤OD分布估计算法,并应用海量APTS系统数据对算法进行了试验和分析.最后,通过与基于"出行链"的方法进行比较,分析了算法的精度.本文提出的方法具有精度高、可操作性强的优点,为快速、经济地获取公交通勤OD分布提供了一种新的途径.     

基于云计算的高职教学资源库应用研究

时至今日,高职教学资源库建设取得了可喜成果,但也存在一些共建共享方面的问题。云计算是一种新型网络应用技术,其超大规模、虚拟化、扩展性、按需服务的特点,对解决资源库建设的问题具有技术优势,可以促进资源的共建共享,最终达到提高高职教学资源库的实用性和示范性的目标。     

Integrated smart feeder/shuttle transit service: simulation of new routing strategies

The idea of designing an integrated smart feeder/shuttle service stemmed from the need to overcome the problem of using an excessive number of cars arriving and parking at a train station within the same time span. This problem results in high parking demand around the train station. Moreover, some potential train riders will, instead, use their cars and hence become a party to increasing the traffic congestion. This work develops a new idea of an integrated and innovative feeder/shuttle system with new operating and routing concepts. The fulfilled objectives are as follows: (i) to construct and examine different operating strategies from both the user and operator perspectives; (ii) to examine different routing models and scenarios; and (iii) to construct a simulation tool for (i) and (ii). Ten different routing strategies are examined, with all the combinations of fixed/flexible routes, fixed/flexible schedules, a unidirectional or bidirectional concept, and shortcut (shortest path) and/or short‐turn (turnaround) concepts. These strategies are investigated by employing a simulation model specifically developed and constructed for this purpose. This simulation model is used in a case study of Castro Valley in California in which the feeder/shuttle service is coordinated with the Bay Area Rapid Transit service, and the 10 routing strategies are compared in regard to four fleet‐size scenarios. One of the interesting results found is that the fixed‐route and flexible‐route concepts are comparable in performance measures when applying a combination of operating strategies. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

某轻型汽车离合系统隔振技术的探讨和研究

汽车离合系统作为一类与操控者接触频率较高的元件,其舒适性是一项不可或缺的品质指标[1]。本文以某轻型客车为例,对踏板振动进行测试,并对测试的特性图、频谱以及振动产生的机理进行分析,确定了系统产生振动的原因和解决方案。基于试验数据的对比分析发现,采用螺旋管+限流阀+动态隔振器的方式可有效解决振动问题,以此来大幅提高离合系统的舒适性。最后,还通过实车测试探究了隔振结构对离合系统的影响。