基于NURBS的船体曲面切割和排板技术的探讨

船体曲线和曲面的分割与曲面排板是船舶计算机辅助设计与制造中的一项关键技术。本文使用一种新的算法实现了船体NURBS曲面的切割以及外板曲面的生成,并对某集装箱船的船体曲面和船体某外板曲面进行了计算,验证了该算法的正确性和可行性。     

支持向量机在单桩竖向极限承载力预测中的应用

单桩竖向极限承载力是桩基础设计中一项重要的内容,本文应用V-支持向量回归机算法,对单桩竖向极限承载力进行了预测。结果表明这种方法可以作为单桩竖向极限承载力计算的一种参考。     

Customers’ selections between premium electric taxis and liquefied petroleum gas taxis

Reducing roadside emissions is a common challenge in metropolitan cities. In Hong Kong, conventional liquefied petroleum gas taxis are one of the main contributors to roadside emissions as they operate on the streets 24 h a day with a long daily driving mileage. Moreover, these taxis suffer from a severely poor service reputation. To enhance the environmental friendliness and service quality of the taxi industry, this study explores the market potential of operating premium electric taxis in the dispatching mode. A stated preference survey was conducted to 1410 taxi customers about their taxi-riding choices between premium electric taxis and conventional liquefied petroleum gas taxis. In total, 5640 observations were obtained and used to develop a series of binary logistic regression models with different model formulations for the determination of the significant factors influencing customers’ selections. The findings indicate that walk time to and wait time for taxis were the most critical concerns to the customers, and they were more willing to take premium taxis if their journey distance was longer and their desired improvement on taxi service quality was greater. The socio-demographic status of taxi customers also influences their choices. The associated policy implications are discussed for promoting taxis with better service quality and fewer roadside emissions. The findings provide some policy insights to other international cities that have a similar taxi market to Hong Kong.     

一种基于软阈值的小波去噪算法

对于高幅度和宽尺度的噪声要素，尤其是当有用信号的幅度和噪声尺度相差不大时，使用传统的傅里叶滤波和一般的小波变化去噪的效果不是很好，对此提出了一种软阈值去噪方法。仿真实验结果表明，这种方法在有效消除高频随机信号和特定尺度的噪声，同时又能很好地保留原有的有用信号。     

人工神经网络在舰船火灾探测中的应用

舰船火灾探测系统的目的是能及时、准确地探测到舰船上发生的火灾。提出一种利用人工神经网络的舰船火灾探测方法，通过设计三层反向传播（BP）人工神经网络模型，使用改进的BP算法——LM算法，对多传感器（温度传感器、烟雾传感器和CO传感器）同时探测到的数据进行智能化处理。仿真结果表明：基于人工神经网络的舰船火灾探测系统能及时、准确地识别各种火灾信号。     

The biogeochemical cycling of methane in Ria de Vigo, NW Spain: Sediment processing and sea–air exchange

Methane (CH₄) concentrations were measured in the water column, in sediment porewaters, and in atmospheric air, in the Ría de Vigo, NW Spain, during both the onset (April 2003) and at the end of (September 2004) seasonal upwelling. In addition, CH₄ concentration and stable isotopic signatures (δ¹³CH₄) were measured in porewaters, and sediment methanogenesis and aerobic oxidation of CH₄ were determined in sediment incubations. Surface water column CH₄ (2 m depth) was in the range 3–180 nmol l^− 1 (110–8500% saturation) and followed a generally landward increase but with localised maxima in both the inner and middle Ría. These maxima were consistent with CH₄ inputs from underlying porewaters in which CH₄ concentrations were up to 3 orders of magnitude higher (maximum 350 μmol l^− 1). Surface water CH₄ concentrations were approximately three times higher in September than in April, consistent with a significant benthic CH₄ flux driven by enhanced sediment methanogenesis following the summer productivity maximum. CH₄ and δ¹³CH₄ in sediment porewaters and in incubated sediment slurries (20 °C) revealed significant sediment CH₄ oxidation, with an apparent isotopic fractionation factor (r_c) of  1.004. Using turbulent diffusion models of air–sea exchange we estimate an annual emission of atmospheric CH₄ from the Ría de Vigo of 18–44 × 10⁶ g (1.1–2.7 × 10⁶ mol). This estimate is approximately 1–2 orders of magnitude lower than a previous estimate based on a bubble transport model.     

多跑道降落飞机协同调度优化

为了制定安全、高效的空中交通管理战术决策,研究了多跑道降落航班协同调度问题.基于协同决策理念,综合考虑空管、航空公司和机场等因素,提出一种协同航班调度策略,给出了协同调度优化模型.模型在满足安全性和公平性约束条件下,寻求总延误成本最小即功效性最大的调度方案.采用基尼系数建立公平性约束,以处理功效性和公平性之间的关系,并引入当量航班概念来定量分析公平性.针对多跑道航班调度问题的特点,设计了遗传算法予以求解验证.仿真结果表明:该算法总延误成本比先到先服务算法降低了72.6%,最大延误时间减小了50.8%,因此,调度的功效性与公平性得到提高,所提方法有效.     

城市公交出行系统中最优路线算法研究

公交出行最优路线算法主要以距离为标准,在得出了换乘方案之后,可以进一步地考虑时间因素．从而找到更具优胜性的换乘方案,但这还有待于进一步的探讨、研究。     

基于改进遗传算法的物流配送点选址问题研究

在已知物流配送点数目的条件下,以最低送货运输费用为目标,利用最小二乘法推导出多物流配送点的选址模型及其迭代算法;根据遗传算法的基本思想,设计了求解已知物流配送点数目条件下的选址和物流服务分配问题的遗传算法.通过实例证明该模型及算法具有较好的应用价值.     

铁路机车司机驾驶能力的心理学检验指标及其效标

应用检验空军驾驶能力的心理学指标——五项纸笔方法对铁路机车司机驾驶能力进行心理学检验，并用标准９分制进行校标，结果表明除曲线轨迹相关较差不宜应用外，其他四项均可应用。